fao fisheries & aquaculture - aquatic species

8/11/2019 FAO Fisheries &Amp; Aquaculture - Aquatic Species

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

for a world without hungerFisheries and

Aquaculture Department

Species Fact Sheets

Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Mugil cephalus: (click for more)Mugil cephalus: (click for more)

Synonyms

Mugil oer Forsskl,

FAO Names

En - Flathead grey mullet, Fr - Mulet grosse tte, Sp - Pardete.

3Alpha Code: MUF Taxonomic Code: 1650100102

Diagnostic Features

Body cilindrical, robust. Head broad, its width more than width of mouth cleft; adipose eyelid well developed,

covering most of pupil; upper lip thin, without papillae, labial teeth of upper jaw small, straight, dense, usually

in several rows; mouth cleft ending below posterior nostril. Two dorsal fins; the first with 4 spines; the second

with 8-9 soft rays; origin of first dorsal fin nearer to snout tip than to caudal fin base; origin of second dorsal fin

at vertical between a quarter and a half along anal fin base. Anal fin with 8 soft finrays. Pectoral fins with 16-

19 rays; pectoral axillary about one-third length of fin. Pyloric caeca 2. Scales in leteral series 36-45. Colour

back blue/green, flanks and belly pale or silvery; scales on back and flanks usually streaked to form

longitudinal stripes; dark pectoral axillary blotch.

Geographical Distribution

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
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Species distribution

Mugil cephalus

Base layers

FAO fishingareas

200nauticalmiles arcs

A cosmopolitan species from tropical and temperate waters of the Atlantic (from Bay Biscay southward, also

whole of Mediterranean and Black Sea), Pacific, and Indian Ocean. Introduced into Caspian Sea.

Habitat and Biology

Occurs at temperatures ranging from 8-247deg; C in calm waters close to shore, around mouths of stream and

inlets, and brackish bays and lagoons, rivers and harbors.Usually found in schools over sand ot mud

bottom.Mainly diurnal, feeds on zooplancton, benthic organisms and detritus. Also takes diatom algae and

small invertebrates. Feeds occasionally at the surface.

Size

Maximum 120 cm; common 35-50 cm.

Interest to Fisheries

Caught with beach seines, gillnets, castnets, liftnets, barriernets, trammel nets, and other artisanal gear. Can be

used in aquaculture if stock is collected from the sea. The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999

was 27 306 t. The countries with the largest catches were Korea, Republic of (9 678 t) and Venezuela (5 151

t).

Marketed fresh dried, salted, and frozen; roe sold fresh or smoked.

5000 km2000 nmi

http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=geartype&fid=223http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=geartype&fid=219http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=geartype&fid=202http://www.fao.org/figis/geoserver/factsheets/species.html?species=MUF-m&prj=4326


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Global Capture Production for species (tonnes)

Mugil cephalus

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100k

100k

200k

Source: FAO FishStat

Global Aquaculture Production for species (tonnes)

Mugil cephalus

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100k

100k

200k

300k

Source: FAO FishStat

Local Names

Afrikaans : Platkop-harder .

Albanian : Qefulli i vers .

Arabic : Anubah , Araaby , Asfatiya , Beyah Biah , Biyah , Bouchkfa , Bouri , Gawafa , Gutarana .

Bulgarian : Keffal .

Cantonese : Wu tau , Wu tau tze .

Catalan : Cabeut , Cabut , Capgrs , Llissa cabuda , Llissa llobarrera , Llssera , Llssera testona ,

Retallat .Danish : Multe , Storhovedet multe .

Dutch : Diklipharder .

English : Black mullet , Bully mullet , Common grey mullet , Flathead mullet , Grey mullet , Hardgut



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mullet , Sea mullet , Striped mullet .

Fijian : Koto .

Finnish : Juovakeltti .

Fon : Guseou .

French : Muge cabot , Mulet cabot , Poisson queue bleue .

German : Grosskopf .

Greek : Cephalos , Kphalos .

Hawaiian : Ama-ama , Pua .

Hebrew : Kifon gedol hazosh .

Icelandic : Rndungur .

Italian : Cefalo , Cefalo mazzone , Muggine .

Japanese : Bora .

Krio : Kunungui , Lombbie , Ma sek , Mollit .

Malay/Indonesian : Belanak , Jumpul , Kedera , Rapang .Maltese : Mulett tal-iswed .

Maori : Kanae .

N Kwnyi : Krmii , Krmil .

Nenema : Maalan , Naxoc .

Norwegian : Multe .

Polish : Mugil cefal .

Portuguese : Mugem , Tainha cabea achatada .

Rapan : Auaree , Kapae .

Rumanian : Chefal .

Russian : Loban .

Saipanese Carolinian : Aitam , Laiguan-asut .

Serbo-Croat : Cipal , Cipal glavas , Cipli , Haskefal .

Spanish : Capitn , Galupe , Lisa comn , Lisa pardete , Mjol , Mugil comn , Pardete .

Swahili : Mkizi .

Swedish : Stothovad multe , Tjocklppad multe .

Tagalog : Aligasin , Banak , Talilong .

Tokelauan : Miil-budhi-dhirr .

Turkish : Haskefal baligi , Kefal .

Related links

Check this species at FishBase

Bibliography

Fischer, W.; G. Bianchi (eds.). - 1984 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian

Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Prepared and printed with the support of the Danish International DevelopmentFAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
http://fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Mugil&speciesname=cephalus


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Agency (DANIDA). Rome, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Vol. I-6: pag. var.

Fischer, W.; G. Bianchi; W. B. Scott (eds.). - 1981Fiches FAO d'identification des espces pour les besoins de

la pche. Atlantique centre-est; zones de pche 34, 47 (en partie). Canada Fonds de Dpt. Ottawa, Ministre

des Pcheries et Ocans Canada, en accord avec l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'Alimentation et

l'Agriculture, Vol. 1-7: pag. var. Fishbase: ICLARM .

Alegre, M., J. Lleonart & J. Veny. - 1992 Espcies Pesqueres d'inters comercial. Nomenclatura oficial

catalana. Generalitat de Catalunya. Departament de Cultura, DARP, TERMCAT. 64 pp. Base de datos

ICTIMED (WWW Work: D. Lloris & Justino Martnez).

Ben-Tuvia, A. - 1986 Mugilidae. In: P.J.P. Whitehead et al., (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and

the Mediterranean (FNAM). Unesco, Paris, vol. III: 1197-1204.

Bini, G. - 1965Catlogo de los nombres de peces, moluscos y crustceos de importancia comercial en el

Mediterrneo. FAO, Rome: i-xv + 407 pp.

Lloris, D., J. Rucabado, LL del cerro, F. Portas, M. Demestre & A. Roig. - 1984Tots els peixos del mar

Catal. I: Llistat de Cites i de referncies. Treballs Soc. Cat. Ict. Herp., 1: 1-208.

Thomson, J. M. - 1990 Mugilidae. In: J.C. Quero et al., (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical

Atlantic (CLOFETA). Unesco, Portugal, vol. II: 855-859.


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