1. Families of Musical Instruments 6th Grade General Music Classroom Learning Objectives: Students can categorize instruments into musical families by name Students can identify instruments from audio samples By: Amanda Waszczuk

2. Families of Musical Instruments Woodwinds Brass Strings Percussion 3. Intro to Woodwinds Click on the play button below to view a video clip of woodwind instruments. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43kRGXvcObY 4. How Woodwind Instruments Work According to Carlos Karmar, the music director of The Oregon Symphony, The instruments in this family all used to be made of wood, which gives them their name. Today, they are made of wood, metal, plastic or some combination. They are all basically narrow cylinders or pipes, with holes, an opening at the bottom end and a mouthpiece at the top. You play them by blowing air through the mouthpiece (that's the "wind" in "woodwind") and opening or closing the holes with your fingers to change the pitch. Metal caps called keys cover the holes of most woodwind instruments. The mouthpieces for some woodwinds, including the clarinet, oboe and bassoon, use a thin piece of wood called a reed, which vibrates when you blow across it. The clarinet uses a single reed made of one piece of wood, while the oboe and bassoon use a double reed made of two pieces joined together. Just as with the stringed instruments, the smaller woodwinds play higher pitches while the longer and larger instruments play the lower notes. http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/woodwinds.aspx 5. Woodwind Instruments Flute Saxophone Oboe Clarinet Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. 6. Review-Woodwinds Question #1: Which of these instruments is a woodwind instrument? A. French Horn B. Bass C. Oboe D. Tambourine 7. Review-Woodwinds Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a woodwind instrument? A. Flute B. Violin C. Clarinet D. Saxophone 8. Review-Woodwinds Question #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample. Audio Sample Which of these instruments is being played in the audio sample? A. Flute B. Saxophone C. Oboe D. Clarinet 9. Intro to Brass Click on the play button below to view a video clip of brass instruments. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Cy3tjg1tVw 10. How Brass Instruments Work According to Carlos Karmar, the music director of The Oregon Symphony, If you think the brass family got its name because the instruments are made of brass, you're right! This family of instruments can play louder than any other in the orchestra and can also be heard from far away. Although their early ancestors are known to have been made of wood, tusks, animal horns or shells, today's modern instruments are made entirely of brass. Brass instruments are essentially very long pipes that widen at their ends into a bell-like shape. The pipes have been curved and twisted into different shapes to make them easier to hold and play. Like the woodwind family, brass players use their breath to produce sound, but instead of blowing into a reed, you vibrate your own lips by buzzing them against a metal cup-shaped mouthpiece. The mouthpiece helps to amplify the buzzing of the lips, which creates the sound. Most brass instruments have valves attached to their long pipes; the valves look like buttons. When you press down on the valves, they open and close different parts of the pipe. You change the pitch and sound by pressing different valves and buzzing your lips harder or softer. http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/brass.aspx 11. Brass Instruments Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. 12. Review-Brass Question #1: Which of these instruments is a brass instrument? A. French Horn B. Guitar C. Snare Drum D. Clarinet 13. Review-Brass Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a brass instrument? A. Trumpet B. Tuba C. Trombone D. Saxophone 14. Review-Brass Question #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample. Audio Sample Which of these instruments is being played in the audio sample? A. Trumpet B. Trombone C. Tuba D. French Horn 15. Intro to String Instruments Click on the play button below to view a video clip of string instruments. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU7Lu0u WCJQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU7Lu0uWCJQ 16. How String Instruments Work According to Carlos Karmar, the music director of The Oregon Symphony, When you look at a string instrument, the first thing you'll probably notice is that it's made of wood, so why is it called a string instrument? The bodies of the string instruments, which are hollow inside to allow sound to vibrate within them, are made of different kinds of wood, but the part of the instrument that makes the sound is the strings, which are made of nylon, steel or sometimes gut. The strings are played most often by drawing a bow across them. The handle of the bow is made of wood and the strings of the bow are actually horsehair from horses' tails! Sometimes the musicians will use their fingers to pluck the strings, and occasionally they will turn the bow upside down and play the strings with the wooden handle. http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/strings.aspx 17. String Instruments Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Violin Bass Guitar Harp 18. Review-Strings Question #1: Which of these instruments is a string instrument? A. Bass B. Xylophone C. Trombone D. Saxophone 19. Review-Strings Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a string instrument? A. Violin B. Cymbals C. Guitar D. Harp 20. Review-Strings Question #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample. Audio Sample Which of these instruments is being played in the audio sample? A. Violin B. Bass C. Guitar D. Harp 21. Intro to Percussion Instruments Click on the play button below to view a video clip of percussion instruments. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xk3BvNLeNgw 22. How Percussion Instruments Work According to Carlos Karmar, the music director of The Oregon Symphony, The percussion family is the largest in the orchestra. Percussion instruments include any instrument that makes a sound when it is hit, shaken, or scraped. It's not easy to be a percussionist because it takes a lot of practice to hit an instrument with the right amount of strength, in the right place and at the right time. Some percussion instruments are tuned and can sound different notes, like the xylophone, timpani or piano, and some are untuned with no definite pitch, like the bass drum, cymbals or castanets. Percussion instruments keep the rhythm, make special sounds and add excitement and color. Unlike most of the other players in the orchestra, a percussionist will usually play many different instruments in one piece of music. http://www.orsymphony.org/edu/instruments/percussion.aspx 23. Percussion Instruments Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Xylophone Cymbals Snare Drum Tambourine 24. Review-Percussion Question #1: Which of these instruments is a percussion instrument? A. Trumpet B. Flute C. Harp D. Tambourine 25. Review-Percussion Question #2: Which of these instruments is not a percussion instrument? A. Cymbals B. Snare Drum C. Tuba D. Xylophone 26. Review-Percussion Question #3: Click on the link to hear the audio sample. Audio Sample Which of these instruments is being played in the audio sample? A. Cymbals B. Snare Drum C. Xylophone D. Tambourine 27. Try Again Please Back The Woodwind Instruments are Flute Saxophone Oboe Clarinet 28. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 29. Try Again Please The Woodwind Instruments are Flute Saxophone Oboe Clarinet Back 30. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 31. Try Again Please Flute Saxophone Oboe Clarinet Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Back 32. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! 33. Try Again Please The Brass Instruments are Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Back 34. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 35. Try Again Please The Brass Instruments are Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Back 36. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 37. Try Again Please Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Back 38. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! 39. Try Again Please The String Instruments are Violin Bass Guitar Harp Back 40. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 41. Try Again Please The String Instruments are Violin Bass Guitar Harp Back 42. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 43. Try Again Please Violin Bass Guitar Harp Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Back 44. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! 45. Try Again Please The Percussion Instruments are Xylophone Cymbals Snare Drum Tambourine Back 46. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 47. Try Again Please The Percussion Instruments are Xylophone Cymbals Snare Drum Tambourine Back 48. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO! Go On 49. Try Again Please Xylophone Cymbals Snare Drum Tambourine Click on each instrument below to listen to an audio clip of each one. Back 50. GREAT WORK, MAESTRO!