exxon valdez oil spill - frequently asked questions
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
1/11
ExxonValdezOilSpillFAQs,LinksandUniqueResourcesatARLIS
June2010
Compiledby
CarrieHolbaEVOSTCLibrarian
ARLISReferenceServicesCoordinator
TheExxonValdezOilSpillcollectionatARLIS
isthemostcomprehensiveofitskind.
TheExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil(EVOSTC)isoneofARLISseightFoundingPartnersandhas
entrustedARLISwithitsextensivecollectionofmaterialsontheExxonValdezoilspill(EVOS). Manyof
theitemsinthiscollectionareuniqueandavailableonlyatARLIS.
ARLIShasalsoacquiredEVOSmaterialsrepresentingdiverseperspectivesfromstateandfederal
agencies,universities,theprivatesector,themediaandthegeneralpublic. Topicsincludethe
groundingofthetanker,spillresponse,cleanup,damageassessment,impactstotheenvironmentand
people,research,andrestoration.
Thecollectioncontainsbooks,reports,maps,photos,documentaryfilms,videofootage,anddata,in
printanddigitalformats. ARLISevenhasworksofpoetry,novels,childrensbooks,atheatricalplay,andamadeforTVmovie,allpertainingtoEVOS.
Thisguideprovideslinkstonumerousfulltextpublicationsandmanymoreareavailablefulltext
throughtheARLIScatalogatwww.arlis.org. Mostitemsthatarenotavailabledigitallymaybechecked
out. ARLISalsoloanstootherlibrariesaroundtheworld. IfyouarenotlocatedinAnchorage,youmay
orrowARLISmaterialsthroughyourlocallibrary. Specialcollectionitemsareinlibraryuseonly.
ontactARLISforassistanceat90727ARLIS(2727547)or
b
C
1
http://www.arlis.org/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.arlis.org/ -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
2/11
2
UniqueResourcesatARLISAmongthemanyuniqueitemsatARLISare:
AlyeskaEmergencyCenterrecordingsaudiorecordingandtranscriptofexcerptsoftelephonecallsmadefrom4:57a.m.onMarch24,1989to6:00a.m.onMarch26,1989byExxonandAlyeska
officials,includingFrankIarossi,DonCornett,GeorgeNelsonandSteveDietrich.
DOMSReports:AlaskaOilSpillCleanupSupportdailyreportsfromtheU.S.Army,DirectorofMilitarySupportonthemilitaryinvolvementinthespillcleanup.
EVOSTrusteeCouncilPublicRecordanextensivecollectionthatdocumentstheCouncilstwentyyearsofresearchandrestorationwork,andcontainsdamageassessmentstudies,restoration
projectreports,annualrestorationworkplans,landappraisals,administrativepoliciesand
procedures,budgetandfinancialreports,briefingpapers,meetingtranscripts,resolutions,public
comments, andothermaterialsusedintheCouncilsdecisionprocess. ARLISalsohousesthe
AdministrativeRecordsforthe1994ExxonValdezOilSpillRestorationPlanandFinalEnvironmental
ImpactStatement.
ExxonCorporationsbibliographyofEVOSrelatedresearchcitationsto403scientificjournalarticles
on
research
funded
by
Exxon,
current
to
December
15,
2008.
Contact
ARLIS
at
ExxonCorporationspublicitymaterialsbrochures,newsletters,andbookletsoncleanupoperationsandenvironmentalimpacts.
ExxonValdezOilSpillFederalTrialTranscript,1994,A890095civil. ExxonValdezOilSpillStateTrialTranscript,1994,3AN892533civil. HazelwoodTrialTranscriptandExhibitsmaterialfromthe1990trialofJosephHazelwood,
captainoftheT/VExxonValdez,includingavideorecordingofclosingarguments.
NationalTransportationSafetyBoardHearingsontheGroundingoftheT/VExxonValdez,May1620,1989videorecordingsandtranscript.
OntheRocks:TheGreatAlaskaOilSpillaboardgameinventedin1989byRichardLynnofValdezandsoldbyOntheRocksEnterprisesfor$16.69,thehourlywagethatExxonscontractorpaidits
cleanupworkers.
SeaottertreatmentrecordsSewardOtterRescueCenterfilesdocumentingthecareofoiledseaottersin1989,includingdailyobservationlogs,dietandmedicaltreatment.
ShorelineOilingEvaluationsSurveysconductedfrom1989through1993byinteragencygroupstoassessoilingconditionsinthespillarea;organizedbysurvey,geographicarea,andshoreline
segmentnumber. Impactmapsandsummaryreportsareincluded.
UnitedStateofAmericav.ExxonandExxonShipping,publiccommentsonthecriminalpleaandconsentdecree,1990.
ValdezVesselTrafficCenterRadioTransmissions,March2324,1989audiorecordingandtranscript,includingCaptainJosephHazelwoodsnotificationthatthetankerhadrunaground.
VolumeofOilSpilled,1990atwovolumesetofdocumentscontaininginformationaboutthevolumeofoilspilledfromtheExxonValdez,includingreportsandcorrespondencefromExxon
ShippingCompany,CalebBrettU.S.A.Inc,U.S.CoastGuard,AlaskaDepartmentofEnvironmental
Conservation,andconsultingengineers.
mailto:[email protected]://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/310746509.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/310746509.pdfmailto:[email protected] -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
3/11
3
FrequentlyAskedQuestionsabouttheExxonValdezOilSpillOpinionsdifferonvariousaspectsoftheoilspill.
Informationfromavarietyofperspectivesandsourcesisprovidedwhereverpossible.
ThesesourcesrepresentafractionofthematerialsavailableatARLIS.
ContactARLISformoreinformation.
HowdidtheExxonValdezoilspillhappen?Summary: ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,DetailsabouttheAccident.
Details: FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993.
StateOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,AlaskaDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation,
1993.
NationalTransportationSafetyBoardReport,1990.
AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,1990.
AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,ExecutiveSummary.
AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,AppendixAI,MiscellaneousReports.AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,AppendixJL,MiscellaneousReports.
AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,AppendixM,LegalResearchReports.
AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,AppendixN,Chronology.
U.S.CoastGuardNationalResponseTeamReporttothePresident,1989.
Chronologyofthespill:Summary: FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993,page22.
Details: AlaskaOilSpillCommissionFinalReport,AppendixN,1990.
U.S.CoastGuardNationalResponseTeamReporttothePresident,1989.
ExxonsChronology,
1989.
Howmuchoilwasspilled?Sources: FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993.
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,QuestionsandAnswers.
Totalcargo: T/VExxonValdezcarried53,094,510gallons(1,264,155barrels)ofoil.
Amountspilled: 20%oftotalcargo=10.8milliongallons=257,000barrels=38,800metrictonnes
Remainingcargo: 80%ofthecargo(44milliongallons)wasretainedinthetankerandlighteredoffto
the
T/V
Exxon
Baton
Rouge,
Exxon
San
Francisco,
and
Exxon
Baytown.
Lightering
began
March
25,
1989
andwascompletedApril4,1989.
Howfardidtheoilspread?Source: ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,QuestionsandAnswers.
Approximately1,300miles. 200mileswereheavilyormoderatelyoiled(meaningtheimpactwas
obvious);1,100mileswerelightlyorverylightlyoiled(meaninglightsheenoroccasionaltarballs).By
http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/30000994.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22590091.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/33339870.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/33339870.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/33339870.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/21337991.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/21337991.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/21337991.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063AI.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063AI.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063AI.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063JL.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063JL.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063JL.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063M.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063M.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063M.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063N.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063M.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063JL.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/26006063/26006063AI.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/21337991.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/33339870.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22590091.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/30000994.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/details.cfm -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
4/11
4
comparison,thereismorethan9,000milesofshorelineinthespillregion. FromBlighReefthespillstretched460milestothetinyvillageofChignikontheAlaskaPeninsula. Mapofthespillarea.
Whatisthespreadingpropertyofoil?Sources: CleanMarinaGuidebook,EPA,2007,page57.
Buller,Pat.1995.CleanMarina+CleanBoating+CleanWaterPartnership,Seattle,WA:
PugetSoundkeeper
Alliance.
Becauseofthepropertiesofoil,acupofoilcanspreadaverythinsheenovermorethananacreof
calmwater.
Source: EPAEnforcementAlert,Volume3Number8,September2000,page1.
Evenapintofoilreleasedontothewatercanspreadandcoveroneacreofwatersurfaceareaandcan
seriouslydamageanaquatichabitat.
Source: OregonStateMarineBoard,OregonCleanMarinaGuidebook,August2005.
Onequart
of
oil
will
create
an
oil
slick
over
two
acres
in
size
the
equivalent
of
nearly
three
football
fields.
Source: Franklin,Benjamin,1774,Ofthestillingofwavesbymeansofoil,Philosophical
Transactions64:445460,448.BenjaminFranklinfoundthatateaspoonofoilpouredonthesurfaceofacalmpondspreadouttoform
anoilpatchabout1/2acreinarea.
Howmanyanimalsdiedoutrightfromtheoilspill?Source:
Exxon
Valdez
Oil
Spill
Trustee
Council,
Questions
and
Answers.
Nooneknows.Thecarcassesofmorethan35,000birdsand1,000seaotterswerefoundafterthespill,
butsincemostcarcassessink,thisisconsideredtobeasmallfractionoftheactualdeathtoll.Thebest
estimatesare:250,000seabirds,2,800seaotters,300harborseals,250baldeagles,upto22killer
whales,andbillionsofsalmonandherringeggs.
Howweretheoiledbirdsandanimalscleaned?Birds: InternationalBirdRescueResearchCenter,OverviewofBirdSearchandRescue:Response
EffortsduringtheExxonValdezOilSpill.
Seaotters: Smith,R.,SeaOtterRescue:TheAftermathofonOilSpill,1990,page44.
Washingaseaotterwasaveryinvolvedprocessthatcouldtakefourpeopleovertwohoursto
complete,dependingonhowbadlytheotterwasoiledWashingproceededbywettingtheotterwitha
solutionofDawndishwashingdetergentmixedwithwater.
ClickhereforvideofootageofrehabilitatedExxonValdezseaotters,Nyac,wholivedtotheageof
twentyattheVancouverAquarium,andNuka,wholivedtobe21yearsoldattheSeattleAquarium.
TherearenowtworemainingExxonValdezotters.
http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfmhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.tva.gov/environment/reports/elkriver/appedix_g.pdfhttp://www.tva.gov/environment/reports/elkriver/appedix_g.pdfhttp://www.tva.gov/environment/reports/elkriver/appedix_g.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/oecaerth/resources/newsletters/civil/enfalert/oilspill.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/oecaerth/resources/newsletters/civil/enfalert/oilspill.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/oecaerth/resources/newsletters/civil/enfalert/oilspill.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epUk3T2Kfnohttp://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2011972659_otter28m.htmlhttp://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2011972659_otter28m.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epUk3T2Kfnohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQLQhZ-YO_shttp://www.ibrrc.org/pdfs/IBRRC_response_efforts_ExxonValdez.pdfhttp://www.ibrrc.org/Exxon_Valdez_spill_1989.htmlhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.cfmhttp://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/Clean/docs/Guidebook/Entire_Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/oecaerth/resources/newsletters/civil/enfalert/oilspill.pdfhttp://www.tva.gov/environment/reports/elkriver/appedix_g.pdfhttp://www.scdhec.gov/environment/ocrm/pubs/docs/Clean_Marina/Clean_Marina_Guidebook.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/spillmap.cfm -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
5/11
5
Isittruethattwooiledsealswererehabilitatedatacostof$80,000eachanduponbeingreleasedintothewildwerepromptlyeatenbyakillerwhale?No. Thisisanurbanlegend,asexplainedatSnopes.com. However,itistruethatthecosttocleanand
rehabilitateoiledseaotterswasabout$80,000peranimal.Source:Monahan,T.P.andA.W.Maki,The
ExxonValdez1989WildlifeRescueandRehabilitationProgram,1991InternationalOilSpillConference,
pages131136.
Howwastheoilcleanedup?Source: FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993.
Atthepeakofcleanupactivityin1989,morethan11,000workers,1,400vessels,and80aircraftwere
involved.
Details: StateOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,1993,Chapter2:Technology,pages6187.
ExxonProductionResearchCompany,ValdezOilSpillTechnology:1989Operations,1990.
AlaskasBigSpill:CantheWildernessHeal,NationalGeographic,January1990,Vol.177,No.
1,pages1819.
Whathappenedtotheoil?Source: From: Wolfe,etal. 1994. ThefateoftheoilspilledfromtheExxonValdez,Environmental
Science&Technology,28(13):560A568A:
20%evaporatedandunderwentphotolysisintheatmosphere 50%biodegradedeitherinsituonbeachesorinthewatercolumn 14%recoveredordisposed
-
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
6/11
6
Howwastheenvironmentrestored?ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,1994RestorationPlan.
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,LegacyofanOilSpill:20yearsafterExxonValdez,2009Status
Report.
Whatarethecurrentenvironmentalconditionsinthespillarea?Exxonfundedresearch,ValdezScience.
ExxonMobil,ConditionofPrinceWilliamSound.
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,ExxonValdezOilSpill:HaveWeRecovered?,2009,12minutefilm.
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,StatusofInjuredResourcesandServices,2010.
NOAA,HindsightandForesight:20YearsaftertheExxonValdezOilSpill,2009,awardwinning
documentary.
Howmuchdidthecleanupcost?Source: GovernmentsMemoranduminSupportofAgreementandConsentDecree,Oct.8,1991.
Exxonspentmorethan$2.5billiononcleanupcosts.
Whatwastheimpactonpeoplelivinginthespillarea?Impactsincludeeconomic,social,psychological,andhealth. Detailsareprovidedinthesereportsand
DVDs. ContactARLISforreferralstoscientists,environmentalactivists,commercialfishers,public
processparticipants,andspillcommunityleaders.
Reports:Cohen,M.J.,EconomicAspectsofTechnologicalAccidents:anEvaluationoftheExxonValdezOilSpillon
SouthcentralAlaska,
1993.
Fall,J.A.etal.,LongtermConsequencesoftheExxonValdezOilSpillforCoastalCommunitiesof
SouthcentralAlaska:FinalReport,2001.
Fall,J.A.etal.,UpdateoftheStatusofSubsistenceUsesinExxonValdezOilSpillAreaCommunities,
2006.
McDowellGroup,AnassessmentoftheImpactoftheExxonValdezOilSpillontheAlaskaTourism
Industry:PhaseI,InitialAssessment,1990.
Ott,R.,SoundTruthandCorporateMyth$:theLegacyoftheExxonValdezOilSpill,2005(Healthissues
foroilspillcleanupworkers).
Picou,J.S.
and
C.G.
Martin,
Long
term
Community
Impacts
of
the
Exxon
Valdez
Oil
Spill:
Patterns
of
SocialDisruptionandPsychologicalStressSeventeenYearsaftertheDisaster,2007.
Picou,J.S.etal.,TheExxonValdezDisaster:ReadingsonaModernSocialProblem,1999.
Personalaccounts:Bushell,S.andS.Jones,Spill:PersonalStoriesfromtheExxonValdezDisaster,2009(Interviewsdone
twentyyearsafterthespillincludefirstresponders,tankercrewmembers,Exxonofficials,spillarea
residentsandscientists.).
http://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.valdezsciences.com/http://www.valdezsciences.com/http://www.valdezsciences.com/http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/48097711.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/48097711.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/48097711.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/71394463/index.htmhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/243478793.dochttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm37966008.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/71394463/index.htmhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/48097711.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/pdf/settlement/gov_memo100891.PDFhttp://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/recovery/status.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.valdezsciences.com/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Universal/Documents/Publications/20th%20Anniversary%20Report/2009%20Status%20Report%20(Low-Res).pdfhttp://www.library.state.ak.us/asp/edocs/2006/05/prevpub/ocm32058641.pdf -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
7/11
7
Spencer,P.,WhiteSilk&BlackTar:aJournaloftheAlaskaOilSpill,1990.
Documentaryfilms:Cornellier,R.andP.Carvalho,BlackWave:theLegacyoftheExxonValdez,2008.
Hartwell,K.,OurAlutiiqJourney,2002(Impactonsubsistence).
Ott,R.,BeyondMarch24,1989:theLegacyoftheExxonValdezOilSpill,2007(Healthissuesforoilspill
cleanup
workers).
TaylorProductions,AlutiiqPride:aStoryofSubsistence,1998.
TaylorProductions,Tatitlek:ChangingTides,1999(Impactonsubsistence).
Whatwerethelessonslearnedfromthespill?IthasbeensaidthattheExxonValdezoilspillisthemoststudiedoilspillinhistory. Muchhasbeen
learnedaboutoilspillprevention,response,cleanup,restoration,andtheecosystemasaresultofthis
spill. InadditiontothemajorreportslistedunderHowdidtheExxonValdezoilspillhappen?,the
reportslistedbelowalsocoverlessonslearned.
Hanable,
M.S.,
The
Exxon
Valdez
Oil
Spill
and
the
National
Park
Service:
A
Report
on
the
Initial
Response,
1990.
Kizzia,Tom,ExxonValdezLegacyofanOilSpill:OilSpillCleanupQuestionsStillProveVexing,
AnchorageDailyNews,May13,1999.
NationalParkService,KenaiFjordsNationalPark:20YearsLater:ExxonValdezOilSpill,2009.
NOAA,OfficeofResponseandRestoration,WhatLessonsHaveWeLearned?,2008.
NationalResponseTeam,EPAandU.S.DepartmentofTransportation,TheExxonValdezOilSpill:A
ReporttothePresident,ExecutiveSummaryandFullReport,1989.
PrinceWilliamSoundRegionalCitizensAdvisoryCouncil,Then&Now:ChangesinPrinceWilliamSound
CrudeOilTransportationSincetheExxonValdezOilSpill,2009.
Townsend,R.andB.Heneman,TheExxonValdezOilSpill:aManagementAnalysis,1989.
WorldWildlifeFund,LessonsNotLearned:20YearsaftertheExxonValdezDisaster,2009.
Whatroledidthemilitaryplayinspillresponseandcleanup?FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993.
Hanable,W.S.,MilitarySupportforCleanupoftheExxonValdezOilSpill,HeadquartersAlaskaAir
Command,1990.
DidExxonpayanyfines?Source: ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,Settlement.
CriminalPleaAgreement
Exxonwasfined$150million,thelargestfineeverimposedforanenvironmentalcrime.Thecourt
forgave$125millionofthatfineinrecognitionofExxonscooperationincleaningupthespillandpaying
certainprivateclaims.Oftheremaining$25million,$12millionwenttotheNorthAmericanWetlands
ConservationFundand$13millionwenttothenationalVictimsofCrimeFund.
continued
http://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdfhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/settlement.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/settlement.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/22175316.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit/policy/WWFBinaryitem11907.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/422650552low.pdfhttp://www.akrrt.org/Archives/Response_Reports/ExxonValdez_NRT_1989.pdfhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://www.epa.gov/history/topics/valdez/04.htmhttp://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=261&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=13&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://www.nps.gov/kefj/naturescience/upload/KEFJ_EVOS_1989-2009_qa.pdfhttp://www.adn.com/evos/stories/T99032432.htmlhttp://permanent.access.gpo.gov/LPS114170/LPS114170/www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/alaska/exxon_valdez_hanable.pdf -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
8/11
8
CriminalRestitution
Asrestitutionfortheinjuriescausedtothefish,wildlife,andlandsofthespillregion,Exxonagreedto
pay$100million.Thismoneywasdividedevenlybetweenthefederalandstategovernments.
CivilSettlementExxonagreedtopay$900millionwithannualpaymentsstretchedovera10yearperiod.Thefinal
paymentwasreceivedinSeptember2001.
Whatisthereopener? Whatisthestatusofthereopener?Source: ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,Reopenerdocumentsandpressreleases.
Atthetimeofthe1991settlement,Exxonagreedtopay$900millionwithannualpaymentsstretched
overa10yearperiod. ThefinalpaymentwasreceivedinSeptember2001. Thesettlementcontaineda
reopenerwindowbetweenSeptember1,2002andSeptember1,2006,duringwhichthegovernments
couldmakeaclaimforuptoanadditional$100million.Thefundsmustbeusedtorestoreresources
thatsufferedasubstantiallossordeclineasaresultoftheoilspill,theinjuriestowhichcouldnothave
beenknownoranticipatedbythesixtrusteesfromanyinformationintheirpossessionorreasonably
availabletoanyofthematthetimeofthesettlement(September25,1991).
Questionson
the
current
status
of
the
reopener
claim
should
be
directed
to
Andrew
Ames,
Public
Affairs,U.S.DepartmentofJustice,EnvironmentandNaturalResourcesDivision,at12025142007or
[email protected]: Rodgers,W.H.,Jr.,etal. 2005. TheExxonValdezReopener:NaturalResourcesDamage
SettlementsandRoadsNotTaken,22AlaskaLawReview,135.
WhatabouttheclassactionlawsuitsagainstExxon?Forahistoryofthelitigationfiledby30,000commercialfishermen,AlaskaNatives,Nativecorporations,
landowners,areabusinesses,municipalities,canneryworkers,processors,andothers,seethe
following:
ExxonQualified
Settlement
Fund.
JudgeHollandsOrder364.
LieffCabraser,HeimannandBernstein,ExxonValdezLitigation:JusticeDelayed.
Faegre&Benson,ExxonValdezOilSpillLitigationUpdate.
SupremeCourtdecisiononpunitivedamages,February27,2008.
WhatistheExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil?TheTrusteeCouncilwasformedtooverseerestorationoftheinjuredecosystemthroughtheuseofa
$900
million
fund
resulting
from
the
settlement
of
civil
litigation
in
1991
between
the
State
of
Alaska,
UnitedStatesandExxonCorporation. TheTrusteeCouncilconsistsofthreestateandthreefederal
trustees.TheCouncilisadvisedbymembersofthepublicandbymembersofthescientificcommunity.
TrusteeCouncilmeetingsareopentothepublic.
ForahistoryoftheTrusteeCouncil,see: MissionwithoutaMap:ThePoliticsandPoliciesofRestoration
FollowingtheExxonValdezOilSpill,19912002,ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,2009.
http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/reopener.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/reopener.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/reopener.cfmmailto:[email protected]?Subject=Exxon%20Valdez%20Reopenerhttp://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135http://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/tc.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/tc.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/tc.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/settlement.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/PAC.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/SP.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/SP.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/SP.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/Files.cfm?doc=/Store/FinalReports/2002-02535-Final.pdf&http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/SP.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/PAC.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/settlement.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/people/tc.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/212253525.pdfhttp://www.faegre.com/showarticle.aspx?Show=2881http://www.lieffcabraser.com/wbh_exxart.htmhttp://www.exspill.com/Portals/5/documents/Order364.pdfhttp://www.exspill.com/News/LitigationHistory/tabid/1918/Default.aspxhttp://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?22+Alaska+L.+Rev.+135mailto:[email protected]?Subject=Exxon%20Valdez%20Reopenerhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/reopener.cfm -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
9/11
9
TheEVOSTrusteeCouncilPublicRecordishousedatARLIS. Thisextensivecollectiondocumentstwenty
yearsoftheCouncilsworkandincludesmeetingtranscripts,policiesandprocedures,appraisals,annual
workplans,finalandannualprojectreports,andothermaterialsusedintheCouncilsdecisionprocess.
ARLISalsohousesthepublicrecordsforthe1994RestorationPlanandFinalEnvironmentalImpact
Statement.
FordetailedinformationonEVOSTCrestorationprojects,gotoRestorationProjectSearch. Searchby
topic,project
number,
principle
investigator,
or
project
year.
Whathappenedtothetanker?Source: AnchorageDailyNews,ErikaBolstad,February26,2008.
Afterthespill,CongressbarredtheExxonValdezfromAlaskawaters. Exxonrenamedthetanker
SeaRiverMediterraneanandithauledPersianGulfoiltoEuropeandAsia. InJanuary2008,ExxonMobil
soldthetankertoHongKongBloomShippingtobeconvertedforhaulingbulkore. Itwasrenamed
DongFangOcean.
WhathappenedtoJosephHazelwood?JosephHazelwood,captainoftheT/VExxonValdez,wasconvictedofamisdemeanorchargeof
negligentdischargeofoil,fined$50,000,andsentencedto1,000hoursofcommunityservice,whichhe
servedinAnchorage,AlaskaatBeansCaf,anonprofitagencyprovidingmealsforthehomeless. He
hasbeenemployedasamaritimeconsultantandparalegalinNewYorkforthepast15years.
ForaninterviewwithJosephHazelwoodtwentyyearsafterthespill,seepages2728and279280in
Spill:PersonalStoriesfromtheExxonValdezDisaster,bySharonBushellandStanJones,2009.
Othersources: StateofAlaskav.Hazelwood,19891990,trialtranscript.
StateofAlaskav.Hazelwood,19891990,trialexhibits.
Isittruethataplaywaswrittenaboutthespill?Yes. In1992,DickReichmanwroteTankerontheRocks:ortheGreatAlaskanBadFridayFishSpillof
'89,TheOfficialValdezOilSpillMelodrama. Helaterwentontowriteanotherplay,TheBigOne:a
ChronicleoftheExxonValdezOilSpill,whichopenedinAnchorageinSeptember2009.
Thespillhasalsobeenthesubjectofnovels,childrensbooks,poetry,amovie,music,andaboard
game. Herearesomeexamples.
DeadAhead:theExxonValdezDisaster,1993;madeforTVmoviebyBBCandairedonHBOShowcaseas
DisasteratValdez.
Larson,W.,TheSitkaincident:ExxonValdezRetold,2002;anovel.
OMeara,J.,
ed.,
Cries
from
the
Heart:
Alaskans
Respond
to
the
Exxon
Valdez
Oil
Spill,
1989;
poetry,
essaysanddrawings.
Rand,G.andT.Rand,PrinceWilliam,1992;aboyrescuesababysealhurtbyanoilspillandwatchesit
recoveratanearbyanimalhospital;childrensbook.
Robinson,R.,LightAllNight,1996;anovel.
http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfmhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.alaska.net/~awss/TankerContents.htmlhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/projects/searchstart.cfm -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
10/11
10
Whatisthedifferencebetweenheavyandlightcrudeoil?U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,TypesofCrudeOil,2009.
WherecanIgetphotosorvideofootageoftheoilspill?PublicdomainphotosareavailableattheExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncilPhotoGallery. ARLIS
also
has
public
domain
photos
and
video
footage,
in
addition
to
published
DVDs
and
videos
that
may
be
checkedoutorborrowedthroughinterlibraryloan. ChecktheARLIScatalogatwww.arlis.orgorcontact
ARLISat90727ARLIS(2727547)[email protected].
WherecanIgetoilspillmaterialsgearedforteachersandstudents?ExxonValdezOilSpill:ResourcesforTeachersandStudents,March2009.
This35pageannotatedbibliographyisaselectlistofbooks,videosandDVDs,websitesandarticles
fromavarietyofsourcespertainingtotheExxonValdezoilspillandrelatedtopics,chosenfortheir
appealtoteachers,studentsofallages,andthegeneralpublic.
MiscellaneousFacts:Source: FederalOnSceneCoordinatorsReport,U.S.CoastGuard,1993,page113.
During1989cleanup,Exxonsprimarycleanupcontractor,VECO,purchased:
Beef theequivalentof900cattle
Pork theequivalentof500hogs
Poultry theequivalentof280,000chickensand800turkeys
Milk enoughtofill24tankertrucks
TotalFood 9.8millionpounds(4,900tons)
Rainsuits 157,000sets
Rubberboots 65,000pairs
Hardhats
30,000
Coveralls 125,000sets
Toiletpaper 530miles,ifunrolled.
MoviesandDocumentaryFilms:Cornellier,R.andP.Carvalho,BlackWave:theLegacyoftheExxonValdez,2008.
DeadAhead:theExxonValdezDisaster,1993;madeforTVmoviebyBBCandairedonHBOShowcaseas
DisasteratValdez.
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil,ExxonValdezOilSpill:HaveWeRecovered?,2009;12minutefilm.
Hartwell,K.,
Our
Alutiiq
Journey,
2002
(Impact
on
subsistence).
NOAA,HindsightandForesight:20YearsaftertheExxonValdezOilSpill,2009;ashortdocumentary.
Ott,R.,BeyondMarch24,1989:theLegacyoftheExxonValdezOilSpill,2007(Healthissuesforoilspill
cleanupworkers).
TaylorProductions,AlutiiqPride:aStoryofSubsistence,1998.
TaylorProductions,Tatitlek:ChangingTides,1999(Impactonsubsistence).
http://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/photos.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/photos.cfmhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/photos.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/mailto:[email protected]://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY(entry_subtopic_topic)=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=798&subtopic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=2&topic_id(entry_subtopic_topic)=1http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/B/31206602/index.htmlhttp://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/EVOS_Resources_for_Teachers_&_Students.pdfmailto:[email protected]://www.arlis.org/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/facts/photos.cfmhttp://epa.gov/oem/content/learning/crude.htm -
8/9/2019 Exxon Valdez Oil Spill - Frequently Asked Questions
11/11
11
Sourcesforadditionalinformation:ARLISSubjectGuide:OilSpills
AmericanPetroleumInstitute
ExxonMobil
NOAA,OfficeofResponseandRestoration
PrinceWilliam
Sound
Regional
Citizens
Advisory
Council
ARLISFounding
Partners
AlaskaDepartmentofFish&Game
BureauofLandManagement
ExxonValdezOilSpillTrusteeCouncil
FishandWildlifeService
MineralsManagementService
NationalParkService
U.S.GeologicalSurvey
UniversityofAlaskaAnchorage
FormoreinformationontheExxonValdezOilSpill,contact:
AlaskaResourcesLibraryandInformationServices(ARLIS)
90727ARLIS(2727547)[email protected]
www.arlis.org
http://www.arlis.org/resources/subguides/?arlis_subject_id=60http://www.arlis.org/resources/subguides/?arlis_subject_id=60http://www.arlis.org/resources/subguides/?arlis_subject_id=60http://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/mailto:[email protected]://www.arlis.org/http://www.arlis.org/http://www.arlis.org/mailto:[email protected]://www.uaa.alaska.edu/http://alaska.usgs.gov/http://www.nps.gov/akso/http://www.mms.gov/alaska/http://alaska.fws.gov/http://www.evostc.state.ak.us/http://www.ak.blm.gov/http://www.adfg.state.ak.us/http://www.pwsrcac.org/http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/topic_subtopic_entry.php?RECORD_KEY%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=entry_id,subtopic_id,topic_id&entry_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=700&subtopic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=2&topic_id%28entry_subtopic_topic%29=1http://www.exxonmobil.com/Corporate/about_issues_valdez.aspxhttp://www.api.org/Newsroom/safetyresponse/index.cfmhttp://www.arlis.org/resources/subguides/?arlis_subject_id=60