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Expressionis m (German)

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Avery Dews, Mike Carlson, Evan Johnson

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Page 1: Expressionism (1)

Expressionism

(German)

Page 2: Expressionism (1)

Properties of Expressionism

• Focused on the symbolic, emotional and spiritual meaning of art

• Artist’s inner world• Expressionism is a state of mind, not a style• Subjects appeared non-natural

– Distorted figures– Irregular shapes

• Often contained social commentary • Used bright color, dark lines, and bold shapes, to

help convey message

Page 3: Expressionism (1)

Starry Night

The Starry Night Vincent Van Gogh (1889)

Page 4: Expressionism (1)

The Scream

Edvard Munch (1893)

Page 5: Expressionism (1)

• Vincent Van Gogh

• Edvard Munch

• James Ensor

Influences

•Symbolism

•German Romanticism

•Economic and Social Change in Germany

Page 6: Expressionism (1)

The Old Peasant Woman

Paula Modersohn-Becker

(1905)

Page 7: Expressionism (1)

Assunta

Georg Kolbe

(1921)

Page 8: Expressionism (1)

The Survivors

Käthe Kollwitz

(1923)

Page 9: Expressionism (1)

Die Brücke

(The Bridge)

Page 10: Expressionism (1)

•Founded 1905, Dresden, Germany

•Founders: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

•Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein, and Otto Mueller joined later

Page 11: Expressionism (1)

•Depicted psychological pressure of city life

•Influenced by the poetry of Walt Whitman, Scandinavian and Russian literature

•Often had erotic and morbid overtones

•Very public with their ideas•They thought they were revolutionaries

Page 12: Expressionism (1)

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

• Studied architecture at the Dresden Technical College

• Innovative woodcutting techiques

Page 13: Expressionism (1)

Street Life in Dresden (1908)

Lithograph

Dancer with Raised Skirt (1909-1910)

Woodcut

Page 14: Expressionism (1)

Winter Landscape by Moonlight

Oil on Canvas (1919)

Page 15: Expressionism (1)

Emil Nolde

• Studied art at the School of Applied Arts in Karlsruhe

• Expressive colors and brushstrokes

Page 16: Expressionism (1)

Loading Dock, Hamburg

Etching (1910)

Page 17: Expressionism (1)

The Prophet

Woodcut (1912)

Page 18: Expressionism (1)

Sunflowers

Oil on Canvas (1932)

Page 19: Expressionism (1)

Max Pechstein

• Painted using decorative colors influenced by Van Gogh and the Fauves

• Later incorporated more primitive aspects

• Mainly was a printmaker

Page 20: Expressionism (1)

Under the Trees

Oil on Canvas (1911)

Page 21: Expressionism (1)

Dancer Reflected

in Mirror Woodcut (1913)

Page 22: Expressionism (1)

Der

Blaue

Reiter(The Blue Rider)

Page 23: Expressionism (1)

Wassily Kandinsky

• Co-founder of Der Blaue Reiter.

• Style stretched between abstraction and expressionism.

• Gave meanings to shapes and colors.

Page 24: Expressionism (1)

Study for Painting with White Form

Oil on Canvas (1913)

Page 25: Expressionism (1)

Franz Marc

• Other co-founder.• Mainly painted

animals – he saw them as pure.

• Created his own color theory based on red, blue, and yellow.

• Later moved toward abstractionism.

Page 26: Expressionism (1)

Yellow Cow

Oil on Canvas (1911)

Page 27: Expressionism (1)

Animals in a Landscape

Oil on Canvas (1914)

Page 28: Expressionism (1)

Fighting Forms

Oil on Canvas (1914)

Page 29: Expressionism (1)

Oskar Kokoshka

• Austrian expressionist.

• Mainly known for his portraits – distorted and allegorical.

• Focused on portraying the psyche, mentally sick people.

Page 30: Expressionism (1)

The Bride of the Wind

Oil on Canvas (1913-1914)

Page 31: Expressionism (1)

Demise of Expressionism

• Die Brücke– Kirchner and

Pechstein attempted to create a program to teach modern painting in art in 1911, failed in 1912.

– Kirchner wrote Brücke Chronicle in 1913, which ended the group.

• Der Blaue Reiter– Franz Marc and

August Macke were killed in combat during 1914.

– Group disbanded shortly after.

Page 32: Expressionism (1)

Demise of Expressionism

• Post-Expressionism rose to prominence in 1925.

• An announcement from the Kunstalle in Manneheim ended Expressionism in 1925.

• Germany’s poor post-war economy and condemnation by the Nazis in the 1930s accelerated the decline, many artists fled after being labeled “degenerate artists.”