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Built-In Excel Functions List

This page lists the current, built-in Excel Functions, grouped by category. If you know the name of the function youare interested in, you may prefer to select from the alphabetical functions list. Alternatively, select from the groupsof functions below, to go to a full function description, including examples of use, related tips & tricks and commonerrors.

Excel Built-In Function Categories:

Text Functions Logical Functions

Information Functions Date and Time Functions

Lookup and Reference Functions Math and Trig Functions

Statistical Functions Database Functions

Financial Functions Engineering Functions

Cube Functions Web Functions

Excel Text Functions

Functions to Remove Extra Characters

CLEAN Removes all non-printable charactersfrom a supplied text string

TRIM Removes duplicate spaces, and spacesat the start and end of a text string

Functions to Convert Excel Data Types

BAHTTEXT Converts a number, plus the suffix"Baht" into Thai text

DOLLAR Converts a supplied number into text,using a currency format

FIXED Rounds a supplied number to aspecified number of decimal places,and then converts this into text

TEXT Converts a supplied value into text,using a user-specified format

VALUE Converts a text string into a numericvalue

NUMBERVALUE Converts text to a number, in a locale-independent way (New in Excel 2013)

Functions to Convert Between Upper & Lower Case

LOWER Converts all characters in a suppliedtext string to lower case

PROPER Converts all characters in a suppliedtext string to proper case (i.e. lettersthat do not follow another letter areupper case and all other characters arelower case)

UPPER Converts all characters in a suppliedtext string to upper case

Replacing / Substituting Parts of a Text String

Cutting Up & Piecing Together Text Strings

CONCATENATE Joins together two or more text strings

LEFT Returns a specified number ofcharacters from the start of a suppliedtext string

MID Returns a specified number ofcharacters from the middle of asupplied text string

RIGHT Returns a specified number ofcharacters from the end of a suppliedtext string

REPT Returns a string consisting of asupplied text string, repeated aspecified number of times

Information Functions

LEN Returns the length of a supplied textstring

FIND Returns the position of a suppliedcharacter or text string from within asupplied text string (case-sensitive)

SEARCH Returns the position of a suppliedcharacter or text string from within asupplied text string (non-case-sensitive)

EXACT Tests if two supplied text strings areexactly the same and if so, returnsTRUE; Otherwise, returns FALSE. (case-sensitive)

T Tests whether a supplied value is textand if so, returns the supplied text; Ifnot, returns an empty text string.

Converting Between Characters & Numeric Codes

CHAR Returns the character that correspondsto a supplied numeric value

CODE Returns the numeric code for the firstcharacter of a supplied string

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Basic Excel

Built-In Excel Functions  ▾

Excel 2013 New Functions

Excel Vlookup Tutorial

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Tips & Tricks

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Excel Templates

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Excel VBA Tutorial

Excel 2003 vs 2007

Recommended Books

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REPLACE Replaces all or part of a text string withanother string (from a user suppliedposition)

SUBSTITUTE Substitutes all occurrences of a searchtext string, within an original text string,with the supplied replacement text

character of a supplied string

UNICHAR Returns the Unicode character that isreferenced by the given numeric value(New in Excel 2013)

UNICODE Returns the number (code point)corresponding to the first character of asupplied text string (New in Excel 2013)

Excel Logical Functions

Boolean Operator Functions

AND Tests a number of user-definedconditions and returns TRUE if ALL ofthe conditions evaluate to TRUE, orFALSE otherwise

OR Tests a number of user-definedconditions and returns TRUE if ANY ofthe conditions evaluate to TRUE, orFALSE otherwise

XOR Returns a logical Exclusive Or of allarguments (New in Excel 2013)

NOT Returns a logical value that is theopposite of a user supplied logical valueor expression(ie. returns FALSE is the suppliedargument is TRUE and returns TRUE ifthe supplied argument is FALSE)

Conditional Functions

IF Tests a user-defined condition andreturns one result if the condition isTRUE, and another result if thecondition is FALSE

IFERROR Tests if an initial supplied value (orexpression) returns an error, and if so,returns a supplied value; Otherwise thefunction returns the initial value. (Newin Excel 2007)

IFNA Tests if an expression returns the #N/Aerror and if so, returns an alternativespecified value; Otherwise the functionreturns the value of the suppliedexpression (New in Excel 2013)

Functions Returning Constant Values

TRUE Simply returns the logical value TRUE

FALSE Simply returns the logical value FALSE

Excel Information Functions

Error Information Functions

ISERROR Tests if an initial supplied value (orexpression) returns an error and if so,returns TRUE; Otherwise returns FALSE

ISERR Tests if an initial supplied value (orexpression) returns an error (EXCEPT forthe #N/A error) and if so, returns TRUE;Otherwise returns FALSE

ISNA Tests if an initial supplied value (orexpression) returns the Excel #N/A errorand if so, returns TRUE; Otherwisereturns FALSE

ERROR.TYPE Tests a supplied value and returns aninteger relating to the supplied value'serror type

Numerical Information Functions

ISNUMBER Tests if a supplied value is a number,and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,returns FALSE.

ISEVEN Tests if a supplied number (or

expression) is an even number, and ifso, returns TRUE; Otherwise, returnsFALSE.

ISODD Tests if a supplied number (orexpression) is an odd number, and if so,returns TRUE; Otherwise, returns FALSE.

N Converts a non-number value to anumber, a date to a serial number, thelogical value TRUE to 1 and all othervalues to 0

Other Data Type Functions

ISBLANK Tests if a supplied cell is blank (empty),and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,returns FALSE

ISLOGICAL Tests if a supplied value is a logicalvalue, and if so, returns TRUE;Otherwise, returns FALSE

ISTEXT Tests if a supplied value is text, and ifso, returns TRUE; Otherwise, returnsFALSE

ISNONTEXT Tests if a supplied value is text, and if itis NOT, returns TRUE; Otherwise,returns FALSE

ISREF Tests if a supplied value is a reference,and if so, returns TRUE; Otherwise,returns FALSE

ISFORMULA Tests if a supplied cell contains aformula and if so, returns TRUE;Otherwise, returns FALSE (New in Excel2013)

TYPE Returns information about the datatype of a supplied value

General Information Functions

CELL Returns information about thecontents, formatting or location of agiven cell

SHEET Returns the sheet number relating to asupplied reference (New in Excel 2013)

SHEETS Returns the number of sheets in areference (New in Excel 2013)

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Function Returning a Constant Value

NA Returns the Excel #N/A error

reference (New in Excel 2013)

INFO Returns information about the thecurrent operating environment

Excel Date and Time Functions

Before using the Date and Time Excel Functions, it is advised that you ensure you have a clear understanding of theway Excel stores Dates and Times - For details, see the Excel Dates and Times pages.

Creating Dates & Times

DATE Returns a date, from a user-suppliedyear, month and day

TIME Returns a time, from a user-suppliedhour, minute and second

DATEVALUE Converts a text string showing a date, toan integer that represents the date inExcel's date-time code

TIMEVALUE Converts a text string showing a time, toa decimal that represents the time inExcel

Current Date & Time

NOW Returns the current date & time

TODAY Returns today's date

Extracting The Components of a Time

HOUR Returns the hour part of a user-suppliedtime

MINUTE Returns the minute part of a user-supplied time

SECOND Returns the seconds part of a user-supplied time

Extracting The Components of a Date

DAY Returns the day (of the month) from auser-supplied date

MONTH Returns the month from a user-supplieddate

YEAR Returns the year from a user-supplieddate

WEEKNUM Returns an integer representing theweek number (from 1 to 53) of the yearfrom a user-supplied date

ISOWEEKNUM Returns the ISO week number of theyear for a given date (New in Excel 2013)

WEEKDAY Returns an integer representing the dayof the week for a supplied date

Performing Calculations with Dates

EDATE Returns a date that is thespecified number of monthsbefore or after an initial suppliedstart date

EOMONTH Returns a date that is the last dayof the month which is a specifiednumber of months before or afteran initial supplied start date

WORKDAY Returns a date that is a suppliednumber of working days(excluding weekends & holidays)ahead of a given start date

WORKDAY.INTL Returns a date that is a suppliednumber of working days(excluding weekends & holidays)ahead of a given start date, usingsupplied parameters to specifyweekend days (New in Excel2010)

DAYS Calculates the number of daysbetween 2 dates (New in Excel2013)

DAYS360 Calculates the number of daysbetween 2 dates, based on a 360-day year (12 x 30 months)

NETWORKDAYS Returns the number of wholenetworkdays (excludingweekends & holidays), betweentwo supplied dates

NETWORKDAYS.INTL Returns the number of wholenetworkdays (excludingweekends & holidays), betweentwo supplied dates, usingparameters to specify weekenddays (New in Excel 2010)

YEARFRAC Calculates the fraction of the yearrepresented by the number ofwhole days between two dates

Excel Lookup and Reference Functions

Data Lookup Functions

HLOOKUP Looks up a supplied value in the firstrow of a table, and returns thecorresponding value from another row

VLOOKUP Looks up a supplied value in the firstcolumn of a table, and returns thecorresponding value from anothercolumn

LOOKUP Searches for a specific value in onedata vector, and returns a value fromthe corresponding position of a seconddata vector

Functions To Return References to Cell Ranges

ADDRESS Returns a reference, in text format, for asupplied row and column number

INDEX Returns a reference to a cell (or range ofcells) for requested rows and columnswithin a supplied range

INDIRECT Returns a cell or range reference that isrepresented by a supplied text string

OFFSET Returns a reference to a range of cellsthat is a specified number of rows andcolumns from an initial supplied range

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data vector

GETPIVOTDATA Extracts data stored in a Pivot Table

CHOOSE Returns one of a list of values,depending on the value of a suppliedindex number

MATCH Finds the relative position of a value ina supplied array

Row / Column / Area Information

ROW Returns the row number of a suppliedrange, or of the current cell

COLUMN Returns the column number of asupplied range, or of the current cell

ROWS Returns the number of rows in asupplied range

COLUMNS Returns the number of columns in asupplied range

AREAS Returns the number of areas in asupplied range

Other

HYPERLINK Creates a hyperlink to a document in asupplied location.

TRANSPOSE Performs a transpose transformationon a range of cells (ie. transforms ahorizontal range of cells into a verticalrange and vice versa)

RTD Retrieves real-time data from aprogram that supports COMautomation

FORMULATEXT Returns a formula as a string (New inExcel 2013)

Excel Math and Trig Functions

Basic Numeric Information

ABS Returns the absolute value (ie. themodulus) of a supplied number

SIGN Returns the sign (+1, -1 or 0) of asupplied number

GCD Returns the Greatest Common Divisor oftwo or more supplied numbers

LCM Returns the Least Common Multiple oftwo or more supplied numbers

Basic Mathematical Operations

SUM Returns the sum of a supplied list ofnumbers

PRODUCT Returns the product of a supplied list ofnumbers

POWER Returns the result of a given numberraised to a supplied power

SQRT Returns the positive square root of agiven number

QUOTIENT Returns the integer portion of a division

between two supplied numbers

MOD Returns the remainder from a divisionbetween two supplied numbers

AGGREGATE Performs a specified calculation (eg. thesum, product, average, etc.) for a list ordatabase, with the option to ignorehidden rows and error values (New inExcel 2010)

SUBTOTAL Performs a specified calculation (eg. thesum, product, average, etc.) for asupplied set of values

Rounding Functions

CEILING Rounds a number away from zero (ie.rounds a positive number up and anegative number down), to amultiple of significance

CEILING.PRECISE Rounds a number up, regardless ofthe sign of the number, to a multipleof significance (New in Excel 2010)

Conditional Sums

SUMIF Adds the cells in a supplied range, thatsatisfy a given criteria

SUMIFS Adds the cells in a supplied range, thatsatisfy multiple criteria (New in Excel2007)

Advanced Mathematical Operations

SUMPRODUCT Returns the sum of the products ofcorresponding values in two or moresupplied arrays

SUMSQ Returns the sum of the squares of asupplied list of numbers

SUMX2MY2 Returns the sum of the difference ofsquares of corresponding values in twosupplied arrays

SUMX2PY2 Returns the sum of the sum of squaresof corresponding values in two suppliedarrays

SUMXMY2 Returns the sum of squares ofdifferences of corresponding values intwo supplied arrays

SERIESSUM Returns the sum of a power series

Trigonometry Functions

PI Returns the constant value of pi

SQRTPI Returns the square root of a suppliednumber multiplied by pi

DEGREES Converts Radians to Degrees

RADIANS Converts Degrees to Radians

COS Returns the Cosine of a given angle

ACOS Returns the Arccosine of a number

COSH Returns the hyperbolic cosine of anumber

ACOSH Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine ofa number

SEC Returns the secant of an angle (New inExcel 2013)

SECH Returns the hyperbolic secant of anangle (New in Excel 2013)

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of significance (New in Excel 2010)

ISO.CEILING Rounds a number up, regardless ofthe sign of the number, to a multipleof significance. (New in Excel 2010)

CEILING.MATH Rounds a number up to the nearestinteger or to the nearest multiple ofsignificance (New in Excel 2013)

EVEN Rounds a number away from zero (ie.rounds a positive number up and anegative number down), to the nexteven number

FLOOR Rounds a number towards zero, (ie.rounds a positive number down anda negative number up), to a multipleof significance

FLOOR.PRECISE Rounds a number down, regardlessof the sign of the number, to amultiple of significance (New in Excel2010)

FLOOR.MATH Rounds a number down, to thenearest integer or to the nearestmultiple of significance (New in Excel2013)

INT Rounds a number down to the nextinteger

MROUND Rounds a number up or down, to thenearest multiple of significance

ODD Rounds a number away from zero (ie.rounds a positive number up and anegative number down), to the nextodd number

ROUND Rounds a number up or down, to agiven number of digits

ROUNDDOWN Rounds a number towards zero, (ie.rounds a positive number down anda negative number up), to a givennumber of digits

ROUNDUP Rounds a number away from zero (ie.rounds a positive number up and anegative number down), to a given

number of digits

TRUNC Truncates a number towards zero (ie.rounds a positive number down anda negative number up), to the nextinteger.

Matrix Functions

MDETERM Returns the matrix determinant of asupplied array

MINVERSE Returns the matrix inverse of a suppliedarray

MMULT Returns the matrix product of twosupplied arrays

MUNIT Returns the unit matrix for a specifieddimension (New in Excel 2013)

Random Numbers

RAND Returns a random number between 0and 1

RANDBETWEEN Returns a random number betweentwo given integers

SIN Returns the Sine of a given angle

ASIN Returns the Arcsine of a number

SINH Returns the Hyperbolic Sine of anumber

ASINH Returns the Inverse Hyperbolic Sine of anumber

CSC Returns the cosecant of an angle (Newin Excel 2013)

CSCH Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of anangle (New in Excel 2013)

TAN Returns the Tangent of a given angle

ATAN Returns the Arctangent of a givennumber

ATAN2 Returns the Arctangent of a given pair ofx and y coordinates

TANH Returns the Hyperbolic Tangent of agiven number

ATANH Returns the Inverse Hyperbolic Tangentof a given number

COT Returns the cotangent of an angle (Newin Excel 2013)

COTH Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of anangle (New in Excel 2013)

ACOT Returns the arccotangent of a number(New in Excel 2013)

ACOTH Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent ofa number (New in Excel 2013)

Exponentials & Logarithms

EXP Returns e raised to a given power

LN Returns the natural logarithm of a givennumber

LOG Returns the logarithm of a givennumber, to a specified base

LOG10 Returns the base 10 logarithm of a givennumber

Factorials

FACT Returns the Factorial of a given number

FACTDOUBLE Returns the Double Factorial of a givennumber

MULTINOMIAL Returns the Multinomial of a given set ofnumbers

Miscellaneous

BASE Converts a number into a textrepresentation, with the supplied base(New in Excel 2013)

DECIMAL Converts a text representation of anumber in a specified base into adecimal number (New in Excel 2013)

COMBIN Returns the number of combinations fora given number of objects

COMBINA Returns the number of combinations(with repetitions) for a given number ofitems (New in Excel 2013)

ARABIC Converts a Roman numeral to an Arabicnumeral (New in Excel 2013)

ROMAN Returns a text string depicting theroman numeral for a given number

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Excel Statistical Functions

Finding the Largest & Smallest Values

MAX Returns the largest value from a list ofsupplied numbers

MAXA Returns the largest value from a list ofsupplied values, counting text and thelogical value FALSE as the value 0 andcounting the logical value TRUE as thevalue 1

MIN Returns the smallest value from a list ofsupplied numbers

MINA Returns the smallest value from a list ofsupplied values, counting text and thelogical value FALSE as the value 0 andcounting the logical value TRUE as thevalue 1

LARGE Returns the Kth LARGEST value from alist of supplied numbers, for a givenvalue K

SMALL Returns the Kth SMALLEST value from alist of supplied numbers, for a givenvalue K

Counting Cells

COUNT Returns the number of numerical valuesin a supplied set of cells or values

COUNTA Returns the number of non-blanks in asupplied set of cells or values

COUNTBLANK Returns the number of blank cells in asupplied range

COUNTIF Returns the number of cells (of asupplied range), that satisfy a givencriteria

COUNTIFS Returns the number of cells (of asupplied range), that satisfy a set ofgiven criteria (New in Excel 2007)

Averages, Frequency & Rank

AVERAGE Returns the Average of a list ofsupplied numbers

AVERAGEA Returns the Average of a list ofsupplied numbers, counting textand the logical value FALSE as thevalue 0 and counting the logicalvalue TRUE as the value 1

AVERAGEIF Calculates the Average of the cellsin a supplied range, that satisfy agiven criteria (New in Excel 2007)

AVERAGEIFS Calculates the Average of the cellsin a supplied range, that satisfymultiple criteria (New in Excel2007)

MEDIAN Returns the Median (the middlevalue) of a list of supplied numbers

MODE Returns the Mode (the mostfrequently occurring value) of a listof supplied numbers (Replaced byMODE.SNGL function in Excel 2010)

MODE.SNGL Returns the Mode (the mostfrequently occurring value) of a listof supplied numbers (New in Excel2010 - replaces MODE function)

MODE.MULT Returns a vertical array of the most

Distribution & Tests of Probability

BETADIST Returns the cumulative betaprobability density function(Replaced by BETA.DIST functionin Excel 2010)

BETA.DIST Returns the cumulative betadistribution function or the betaprobability density function (Newin Excel 2010 - replaces BETADISTfunction)

BETAINV Returns the inverse of thecumulative beta probabilitydensity function (Replaced byBETA.INV function in Excel 2010)

BETA.INV Returns the inverse of thecumulative beta probabilitydensity function (New in Excel2010 - replaces BETAINV function)

BINOMDIST Returns the individual termbinomial distribution probability(Replaced by BINOM.DIST functionin Excel 2010)

BINOM.DIST Returns the individual termbinomial distribution probability(New in Excel 2010 - replacesBINOMDIST function)

BINOM.DIST.RANGE Returns the probability of a trialresult using a binomialdistribution (New in Excel 2013)

NEGBINOMDIST Returns the negative binomialdistribution (Replaced byNEGBINOM.DIST function in Excel2010)

NEGBINOM.DIST Returns the negative binomialdistribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces NEGBINOMDIST function)

CRITBINOM Returns the smallest value forwhich the cumulative binomialdistribution is greater than orequal to a criterion value(Replaced by BINOM.INV functionin Excel 2010)

BINOM.INV Returns the smallest value forwhich the cumulative binomialdistribution is greater than orequal to a criterion value (New inExcel 2010 - replaces CRITBINOMfunction)

CHIDIST Returns the right-tailed probabilityof the chi-squared distribution(Replaced by CHISQ.DIST.RTfunction in Excel 2010)

CHISQ.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed probabilityof the chi-squared distribution(New in Excel 2010 - replacesCHIDIST function)

CHISQ.DIST Returns the chi-squareddistribution (probability density orcumulative distribution function)(New in Excel 2010)

CHIINV Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution (Replaced byCHISQ.INV.RT function in Excel

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frequently occurring values in anarray or range of data (New inExcel 2010)

GEOMEAN Returns the geometric mean of aset of supplied numbers

HARMEAN Returns the harmonic mean of aset of supplied numbers

TRIMMEAN Returns the mean of the interior ofa supplied set of values

FREQUENCY Returns an array showing thenumber of values from a suppliedarray, which fall into specifiedranges

RANK Returns the statistical rank of agiven value, within a suppliedarray of values (Replaced byRANK.EQ function in Excel 2010)

RANK.EQ Returns the Mode (the mostfrequently occurring value) of a listof supplied numbers (if more thanone value has same rank, the toprank of that set is returned) (Newin Excel 2010 - replaces RANKfunction)

RANK.AVG Returns the statistical rank of agiven value, within a suppliedarray of values (if more than onevalue has same rank, the averagerank is returned) (New in Excel2010)

KURT Returns the kurtosis of a data set

PERCENTILE Returns the K'th percentile ofvalues in a supplied range, whereK is in the range 0 - 1 (inclusive)(Replaced by PERCENTILE.INCfunction in Excel 2010)

PERCENTILE.INC Returns the K'th percentile ofvalues in a supplied range, whereK is in the range 0 - 1 (inclusive)(New in Excel 2010 - replacesPERCENTILE function)

PERCENTILE.EXC Returns the K'th percentile ofvalues in a supplied range, whereK is in the range 0 - 1 (exclusive)(New in Excel 2010)

PERCENTRANK Returns the rank of a value in adata set, as a percentage (0 - 1inclusive) (Replaced byPERCENTRANK.INC function inExcel 2010)

PERCENTRANK.INC Returns the rank of a value in adata set, as a percentage (0 - 1inclusive) (New in Excel 2010 -replaces PERCENTRANK function)

PERCENTRANK.EXC Returns the rank of a value in adata set, as a percentage (0 - 1exclusive) (New in Excel 2010)

QUARTILE Returns the specified quartile of aset of supplied numbers, based onpercentile value 0 - 1 (inclusive)(Replaced by QUARTILE.INCfunction in Excel 2010)

QUARTILE.INC Returns the specified quartile of aset of supplied numbers, based onpercentile value 0 - 1 (inclusive)(New in Excel 2010 - replaces

2010)

CHISQ.INV.RT Returns the inverse of the right-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution (New in Excel2010 - replaces CHIINV function)

CHISQ.INV Returns the inverse of the left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution (New in Excel2010)

CHITEST Returns the chi-squared statisticaltest for independence (Replacedby CHISQ.TEST function in Excel2010)

CHISQ.TEST Returns the chi-squared statisticaltest for independence (New inExcel 2010 - replaces CHITESTfunction)

CORREL Returns the correlation coefficientbetween two sets of values

EXPONDIST Returns the exponentialdistribution (Replaced byEXPON.DIST function in Excel2010)

EXPON.DIST Returns the exponentialdistribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces EXPONDIST function)

FDIST Returns the right-tailed Fprobability distribution for twodata sets (Replaced by F.DIST.RTfunction in Excel 2010)

F.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed Fprobability distribution for twodata sets (New in Excel 2010 -replaces FDIST function)

F.DIST Returns the F probabilitydistribution (probability density orcumulative distribution function)(New in Excel 2010)

FINV Returns the inverse of the right-tailed F probability distribution fortwo data sets (Replaced byF.INV.RT function in Excel 2010)

F.INV.RT Returns the inverse of the right-tailed F probability distribution fortwo data sets (New in Excel 2010 -replaces FINV function)

F.INV Returns the inverse of theCumulative F distribution (New inExcel 2010)

FISHER Returns the Fisher transformation

FISHERINV Returns the inverse of the Fishertransformation

FTEST Returns the result of an F-Test for2 supplied data sets (Replaced byF.TEST function in Excel 2010)

F.TEST Returns the result of an F-Test for2 supplied data sets (New in Excel2010 - replaces FTEST function)

GAMMADIST Returns the gamma distribution(Replaced by GAMMA.DISTfunction in Excel 2010)

GAMMA.DIST Returns the gamma distribution(New in Excel 2010 - replacesGAMMADIST function)

GAMMAINV Returns the inverse gamma

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QUARTILE function)

QUARTILE.EXC Returns the specified quartile of aset of supplied numbers, based onpercentile value 0 - 1 (exclusive)(New in Excel 2010)

Deviation & Variance

AVEDEV Returns the average of theabsolute deviations of data pointsfrom their mean

STDEV Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent a sample of apopulation) (Replaced by STDEV.Sfunction in Excel 2010)

STDEV.S Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent a sample of apopulation) (New in Excel 2010 -replaces STDEV function)

STDEVA Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent a sample of apopulation), counting text and thelogical value FALSE as the value 0

and counting the logical valueTRUE as the value 1

STDEVP Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent an entire population)(Replaced by STDEV.P function inExcel 2010)

STDEV.P Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent an entire population)(New in Excel 2010 - replacesSTDEVP function)

STDEVPA Returns the standard deviation ofa supplied set of values (whichrepresent an entire population),counting text and the logical valueFALSE as the value 0 and countingthe logical value TRUE as thevalue 1

VAR Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent asample of a population) (Replacedby VAR.S function in Excel 2010)

VAR.S Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent asample of a population) (New inExcel 2010 - replaces VARfunction)

VARA Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent asample of a population), countingtext and the logical value FALSE asthe value 0 and counting thelogical value TRUE as the value 1

VARP Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent anentire population) (Replaced byVAR.P function in Excel 2010)

VAR.P Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent anentire population) (New in Excel2010 - replaces VARP function)

GAMMAINV Returns the inverse gammacumulative distribution (Replacedby GAMMA.INV function in Excel2010)

GAMMA.INV Returns the inverse gammacumulative distribution (New inExcel 2010 - replaces GAMMAINVfunction)

GAMMALN Calculates the natural logarithm ofthe gamma function for a suppliedvalue

GAMMALN.PRECISE Returns the natural logarithm ofthe gamma function for a suppliedvalue (New in Excel 2010)

GAMMA Return the gamma function valuefor a supplied number (New inExcel 2013)

GAUSS Calculates the probability that amember of a standard normalpopulation will fall between themean and z standard deviationsfrom the mean (New in Excel 2013)

HYPGEOMDIST Returns the hypergeometricdistribution (Replaced byHYPGEOM.DIST function in Excel2010)

HYPGEOM.DIST Returns the hypergeometricdistribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces HYPGEOMDIST function)

LOGNORMDIST Returns the cumulative log-normaldistribution (Replaced byLOGNORM.DIST function in Excel2010)

LOGNORM.DIST Returns the log-normal probabilitydensity function or the cumulativelog- normal distribution (New inExcel 2010 - replacesLOGNORMDIST function)

LOGINV Returns the inverse of thelognormal distribution (Replacedby LOGNORM.INV function in Excel2010)

LOGNORM.INV Returns the inverse of thelognormal distribution (New inExcel 2010 - replaces LOGINVfunction)

NORMDIST Returns the normal cumulativedistribution (Replaced byNORM.DIST function in Excel 2010)

NORM.DIST Returns the normal cumulativedistribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces NORMDIST function)

NORMINV Returns the inverse of the normalcumulative distribution (Replacedby NORM.INV function in Excel2010)

NORM.INV Returns the inverse of the normalcumulative distribution (New inExcel 2010 - replaces NORMINVfunction)

NORMSDIST Returns the standard normalcumulative distribution (Replacedby NORM.S.DIST function in Excel2010)

NORM.S.DIST Returns the standard normalcumulative distribution (New in

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2010 - replaces VARP function)

VARPA Returns the variance of a suppliedset of values (which represent anentire population), counting textand the logical value FALSE as thevalue 0 and counting the logicalvalue TRUE as the value 1

COVAR Returns population covariance (ie.the average of the products ofdeviations for each pair within twosupplied data sets) (Replaced byCOVARIANCE.P function in Excel2010)

COVARIANCE.P Returns population covariance (ie.the average of the products ofdeviations for each pair within twosupplied data sets) (New in Excel2010 - replaces COVAR function)

COVARIANCE.S Returns sample covariance (ie. theaverage of the products ofdeviations for each pair within two

supplied data sets) (New in Excel2010)

CONFIDENCE Returns the confidence intervalfor a population mean, using anormal distribution (Replaced byCONFIDENCE.NORM function inExcel 2010)

CONFIDENCE.NORM Returns the confidence intervalfor a population mean, using anormal distribution (New in Excel2010 - replaces CONFIDENCEfunction)

CONFIDENCE.T Returns the confidence intervalfor a population mean, using aStudent's t distribution (New inExcel 2010)

DEVSQ Returns the sum of the squares ofthe deviations of a set of datapoints from their sample mean

Trend Line Functions

FORECAST Predicts a future point on a linear trendline fitted to a supplied set of x- and y-values

INTERCEPT Calculates the best fit regression line,through a supplied series of x- and y-values and returns the value at whichthis line intercepts the y-axis

LINEST Returns statistical informationdescribing the trend of the line of bestfit, through a supplied series of x- and y-values

SLOPE Returns the slope of the linearregression line through a supplied seriesof x- and y- values

TREND Calculates the trend line through agiven set of y-values and returnsadditional y-values for a supplied set ofnew x-values

GROWTH Returns numbers in a exponentialgrowth trend, based on a set of suppliedx- and y- values

LOGEST Returns the parameters of anexponential trend for a supplied set of x-and y- values

STEYX Returns the standard error of the

cumulative distribution (New inExcel 2010 - replaces NORMSDISTfunction)

NORMSINV Returns the inverse of thestandard normal cumulativedistribution (Replaced byNORM.S.INV function in Excel2010)

NORM.S.INV Returns the inverse of thestandard normal cumulativedistribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces NORMSINV function)

PEARSON Returns the Pearson productmoment correlation coefficient

RSQ Returns the square of the Pearsonproduct moment correlationcoefficient

PHI Returns the value of the densityfunction for a standard normaldistribution, for a suppliednumber (New in Excel 2013)

POISSON Returns the Poisson distribution(Replaced by POISSON.DISTfunction in Excel 2010)

POISSON.DIST Returns the Poisson distribution(New in Excel 2010 - replacesPOISSON function)

PROB Returns the probablity that valuesin a supplied range are withingiven limits

SKEW Returns the skewness of adistribution

SKEW.P Returns the skewness of adistribution based on a population(New in Excel 2013)

STANDARDIZE Returns a normalized value

TDIST Returns the Student's T-distribution (Replaced byT.DIST.2T & T.DIST.RT functions inExcel 2010)

T.DIST.2T Returns the two-tailed Student'sT-distribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces TDIST function)

T.DIST.RT Returns the right-tailed Student'sT-distribution (New in Excel 2010 -replaces TDIST function)

T.DIST Returns the Student's T-distribution (probability density orcumulative distribution function)(New in Excel 2010)

TINV Returns the two-tailed inverse ofthe Student's T-distribution(Replaced by T.INV.2T function inExcel 2010)

T.INV.2T Returns the two-tailed inverse ofthe Student's T-distribution (Newin Excel 2010 - replaces TINVfunction)

T.INV Returns the left-tailed inverse ofthe Student's T-distribution (Newin Excel 2010)

TTEST Returns the probability associatedwith a Student's T-Test (Replacedby T.TEST function in Excel 2010)

T.TEST Returns the probability associated

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STEYX Returns the standard error of thepredicted y-value for each x in theregression line for a set of supplied x-and y- values

Miscellaneous

PERMUT Returns the number of permutationsfor a given number of objects

PERMUTATIONA Returns the number of permutationsfor a given number of objects (withrepetitions) that can be selected fromthe total objects (New in Excel 2013)

T.TEST Returns the probability associatedwith a Student's T-Test (New inExcel 2010 - replaces TTESTfunction)

WEIBULL Returns the Weibull distribution(Replaced by WEIBULL.DISTfunction in Excel 2010)

WEIBULL.DIST Returns the Weibull distribution(New in Excel 2010 - replacesWEIBULL function)

ZTEST Returns the one-tailed probabilityvalue of a z-test (Replaced byZ.TEST function in Excel 2010)

Z.TEST Returns the one-tailed probabilityvalue of a z-test (New in Excel 2010

- replaces ZTEST function)

Excel Database Functions

Database Functions

DAVERAGE Calculates the average of values in afield of a list or database, that satisfyspecified conditions

DCOUNT Returns the number of cells containingnumbers in a field of a list or databasethat satisfy specified conditions

DCOUNTA Returns the number of non-blank cellsin a field of a list or database, thatsatisfy specified conditions

DGET Returns a single value from a field of alist or database, that satisfy specifiedconditions

DMAX Returns the maximum value from a fieldof a list or database, that satisfyspecified conditions

DMIN Returns the minimum value from a fieldof a list or database, that satisfyspecified conditions

Database Functions

DPRODUCT Calculates the product of values in afield of a list or database, that satisfyspecified conditions

DSTDEV Calculates the standard deviation(based on a sample of a population) ofvalues in a field of a list or database,that satisfy specified conditions

DSTDEVP Calculates the standard deviation(based on an entire population) ofvalues in a field of a list or database,that satisfy specified conditions

DSUM Calculates the sum of values in a field ofa list or database, that satisfy specifiedconditions

DVAR Calculates the variance (based on asample of a population) of values in afield of a list or database, that satisfyspecified conditions

DVARP Calculates the variance (based on anentire population) of values in a field ofa list or database, that satisfy specifiedconditions

Excel Financial Functions

Investment Value Functions

FV Calculates the future value of aninvestment with periodic constantpayments and a constant interest rate

FVSCHEDULE Calculates the future value of an initialprincipal, after applying a series ofcompound interest rates

NPV Calculates the net present value of aninvestment, based on a supplieddiscount rate, and a series of futurepayments and income

PV Calculates the present value of aninvestment (ie. the total amount that aseries of future payments is worth now)

RECEIVED Calculates the amount received atmaturity for a fully invested Security

XNPV Calculates the net present value for aschedule of cash flows

Internal Rate of Return Functions

IRR Calculates the internal rate of return fora series of cash flows

MIRR Calculates the internal rate of return fora series of periodic cash flows,considering the cost of the investmentand the interest on the reinvestment ofcash

XIRR Calculates the internal rate of return fora schedule of cash flows

Asset Depreciation Functions

AMORDEGRC Calculates the prorated lineardepreciation of an asset for eachaccounting period (with depreciationcoefficient applied, depending on thelife of the asset)

AMORLINC Calculates the prorated lineardepreciation of an asset for each

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Payment Functions

CUMIPMT Calculates the cumulative interest paidbetween two specified periods

CUMPRINC Calculates the cumulative principal paidon a loan, between two specifiedperiods

IPMT Calculates the interest payment for agiven period of an investment, withperiodic constant payments and a

constant interest rate

ISPMT Returns the interest paid during aspecified period of an investment

PMT Calculates the payments required toreduce a loan, from a supplied presentvalue to a specified future value

PPMT Calculates the payment on the principalfor a given investment, with periodicconstant payments and a constantinterest rate

Duration Functions

COUPDAYBS Calculates the number of days from thebeginning of the coupon period to thesettlement date

COUPDAYS Calculates the number of days in thecoupon period that contains thesettlement date

COUPDAYSNC Calculates the number of days from thesettlement date to the next coupon date

COUPNCD Returns the next coupon date after thesettlement date

COUPNUM Returns the number of coupons payablebetween the settlement date andmaturity date

COUPPCD Returns the previous coupon date,before the settlement date

DURATION Calculates the Macauley duration of asecurity with an assumed par value of$100

MDURATION Calculates the Macauley modifiedduration for a security with an assumedpar value of $100

NPER Returns the number of periods for aninvestment with periodic constantpayments and a constant interest rate

PDURATION Calculates the number of periodsrequired for an investment to reach aspecified value (New in Excel 2013)

Yield Functions

YIELD Calculates the yield of a security thatpays periodic interest

YIELDDISC Calculates the annual yield of adiscounted security

YIELDMAT Calculates the annual yield of a securitythat pays interest at maturity

ODDFYIELD Calculates the yield of a security with anodd first period

ODDLYIELD Calculates the yield of a security with anodd last period

TBILLEQ Calculates the bond-equivalent yield fora treasury bill

TBILLYIELD Calculates the yield for a treasury bill

depreciation of an asset for eachaccounting period

DB Calculates the depreciation of an assetfor a specified period, using the fixed-declining balance method

DDB Calculates the depreciation of an assetfor a specified period, using the double-declining balance method, or someother user-specified method

SLN Returns the straight-line depreciation of

an asset for one period

SYD Returns the sum-of-years' digitsdepreciation of an asset for a specifiedperiod

VDB Returns the depreciation of an asset fora specified period, (including partialperiods), using the double-decliningbalance method or another user-specified method

Interest Rate Functions

ACCRINT Calculates the accrued interest for asecurity that pays periodic interest

ACCRINTM Calculates the accrued interest for asecurity that pays interest at maturity

DISC Calculates the discount rate for asecurity

EFFECT Calculates the effective annual interestrate

INTRATE Calculates the interest rate for a fullyinvested security

NOMINAL Calculates the annual nominal interestrate

RATE Calculates the interest rate required topay off a specified amount of a loan, orreach a target amount on an investmentover a given period

RRI Calculates an equivalent interest ratefor the growth of an investment (New inExcel 2013)

Dollar Conversion

DOLLARDE Converts a dollar price expressed as afraction, into a dollar price expressed asa decimal

DOLLARFR Converts a dollar price expressed as adecimal, into a dollar price expressed asa fraction

Price Functions

PRICE Calculates the price per $100 face valueof a security that pays periodic interest

PRICEDISC Calculates the price per $100 face valueof a discounted security

PRICEMAT Calculates the price per $100 face valueof a security that pays interest atmaturity

ODDFPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face valueof a security with an odd first period

ODDLPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face valueof a security with an odd last period

TBILLPRICE Calculates the price per $100 face valuefor a treasury bill

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TBILLYIELD Calculates the yield for a treasury bill

Excel Engineering Functions

Converting Between Units of Measurement

CONVERT Converts a number from onemeasurement system to another

Bessel Functions

BESSELI Calculates the modified Bessel functionIn(x)

BESSELJ Calculates the Bessel function Jn(x)

BESSELK Calculates the modified Bessel functionKn(x)

BESSELY Calculates the modified Bessel functionYn(x)

Converting Between Bases

BIN2DEC Converts a binary number to a decimal

BIN2HEX Converts a binary number tohexadecimal

BIN2OCT Converts a binary number to octal

DEC2BIN Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX Converts a decimal number tohexadecimal

DEC2OCT Converts a decimal number to octal

HEX2BIN Converts a hexadecimal number tobinary

HEX2DEC Converts a hexadecimal number to adecimal

HEX2OCT Converts a hexadecimal number tooctal

OCT2BIN Converts octal number to binary

OCT2DEC Converts octal number to a decimal

OCT2HEX Converts octal number to hexadecimal

The Error Function

ERF Returns the error function integratedbetween two supplied limits

ERF.PRECISE Returns the error function integratedbetween 0 and a supplied limit (New inExcel 2010)

ERFC Returns the complementary errorfunction integrated between a suppliedlower limit and infinity

ERFC.PRECISE Returns the complementary errorfunction integrated between a suppliedlower limit and infinity (New in Excel2010)

Bitwise Functions

BITAND Returns a Bitwise 'And' of two numbers(New in Excel 2013)

BITOR Returns a Bitwise 'Or' of two numbers(New in Excel 2013)

BITXOR Returns a Bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of twonumbers (New in Excel 2013)

BITLSHIFT Returns a number shifted left by aspecified number of bits (New in Excel2013)

Testing Numeric Values

DELTA Tests whether two supplied numbersare equal

GESTEP Tests whether a number is greater thana supplied threshold value

Complex Numbers

COMPLEX Converts user-supplied real andimaginary coefficients into a complexnumber

IMABS Returns the absolute value (themodulus) of a complex number

IMAGINARY Returns the imaginary coefficient of acomplex number

IMARGUMENT Returns the argument Θ (an angleexpressed in radians) of a complexnumber

IMCONJUGATE Returns the complex conjugate of acomplex number

IMCOS Returns the cosine of a complexnumber

IMCOSH Returns the hyperbolic cosine of acomplex number (New in Excel 2013)

IMCOT Returns the cotangent of a complexnumber (New in Excel 2013)

IMCSC Returns the cosecant of a complexnumber (New in Excel 2013)

IMCSCH Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of acomplex number (New in Excel 2013)

IMDIV Returns the quotient of two suppliedcomplex numbers

IMEXP Returns the exponential of a complexnumber

IMLN Returns the natural logarithm of acomplex number

IMLOG10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of acomplex number

IMLOG2 Returns the base-2 logarithm of acomplex number

IMPOWER Calculates a complex number raised toa supplied power

IMPRODUCT Returns the product of up to 255supplied complex numbers

IMREAL Returns the real coefficient of acomplex number

IMSEC Returns the secant of a complexnumber (New in Excel 2013)

IMSECH Returns the hyperbolic secant of acomplex number (New in Excel 2013)

IMSIN Returns the sine of a complex number

IMSINH Returns the hyperbolic sine of acomplex number (New in Excel 2013)

IMSQRT Returns the square root of a complexnumber

IMSUB Subtracts two complex numbers

IMSUM Calculates the sum of two complex

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BITRSHIFT Returns a number shifted right by aspecified number of bits (New in Excel2013)

numbers

IMTAN Returns the tangent of a complexnumber (New in Excel 2013)

Excel Cube Functions

The Excel Cube functions perform calculations and extract data from a cube, which is stored on an external SQLserver. These functions are only supported with a connection to Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Analysis Services or laterdata source.

Cube Functions

CUBEKPIMEMBER Returns a Key PerformanceIndicator (KPI) property anddisplays the KPI name in thecell (New in Excel 2007)

CUBEMEMBER Returns a member or tuplefrom the cube (New in Excel2007)

CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY Returns the value of amember property from thecube (New in Excel 2007)

CUBERANKEDMEMBER Returns the nth, or ranked,member in a set (New inExcel 2007)

Cube Functions

CUBESET Defines a calculated set of membersor tuples by sending a set expressionto the cube on the server, whichcreates the set, and then returns thatset to Microsoft Office Excel (New inExcel 2007)

CUBESETCOUNT Returns the number of items in a set(New in Excel 2007)

CUBEVALUE Returns an aggregated value from thecube (New in Excel 2007)

Excel Web Functions

Web Functions

ENCODEURL Returns a URL-encoded string (New inExcel 2013)

FILTERXML Returns data from XML content, using aspecified XPath (New in Excel 2013)

Web Functions

WEBSERVICE Returns data from a web service on theInternet or Intranet (New in Excel 2013)

Excel Operators

Although the Excel Operators are not, strictly speaking, Excel Functions, a brief explanation of them is included in thefollowing page:

Excel Operators - Excel Mathematical Operators - used to perform basic Mathematicaloperations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division andraising to a power,

or

- the & Excel Operator is used to concatenate text strings

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