Questions Femoral Triangle

The lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is

1 Medial border of Adductor Longus

2 Lateral border of Adductor Longus

3 Medial border of Pectineus

4 Lateral border of Sartorius

5 Medial border of Sartorius

The lateral boundary of the femoral triangle is

1 Medial border of Adductor Longus F

2 Lateral border of Adductor Longus F

3 Medial border of Pectineus F

4 Lateral border of Sartorius F

5 Medial border of Sartorius T

The lateral boundary is the medial edge of SartoriusThe Superior boundary is the inguinal ligament

The muscle labelled Z is called

1 Adductor brevis

2 Pectineus

3 Psoas major

4 iliacus

5 Quadratus Femoris

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

The muscle labelled Z is called

1 Adductor brevis F

2 Pectineus T

3 Psoas major F

4 iliacus F

5 Quadratus Femoris F

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

The femoral artery

1 lies in the femoral sheath medial to the femoral vein

2 is medial to the femoral nerve

3 gives off the profunda femoris artery as its first branch, usually

4 enters the adductor canal lying anterior to the femoral vein

5 gives a branch which supplies the scrotum

The femoral artery

1 lies in the femoral sheath medial to the femoral vein

F

2 is medial to the femoral nerve T

3 gives off the profunda femoris artery as its first branch, usually

F

4 enters the adductor canal lying anterior to the femoral vein

T

5 gives a branch which supplies the scrotum T

The femoral artery lies lateral to the femoral vein within the sheathThe femoral nerve lies lateral to the femoral sheathThe profunda femoris is usually not the first branch of the femoral arteryThe femoral artery gives off the superficial and deep external pudendal arteries asearly branches, and these run medially to supply the scrotum in the male and the vulva in the female

The sartorius muscle

1 Has two heads

2 Attaches to the anterior superior iliac spine

3 Attaches to the anterior inferior iliac spine

4 Is supplied by the obturator nerve

5 Is supplied by the femoral nerve

The sartorius muscle

1 Has two heads F

2 Attaches to the anterior superior iliac spine T

3 Attaches to the anterior inferior iliac spine F

4 Is supplied by the obturator nerve F

5 Is supplied by the femoral nerve T

Sartorius originates from the anterior superior iliac spine and inserts onto the the upper part of the medial surface of the tibial shaft, alongside the tendons of gracilis and semitendinosus.Sartorius is supplied by the femoral nerve.

The femoral sheath contains the following:

1 femoral nerve

2 ilioinguinal nerve

3 femoral canal

4 femoral artery

5 saphenous nerve

The femoral sheath contains the following:

1 femoral nerve F

2 ilioinguinal nerve F

3 femoral canal T

4 femoral artery T

5 saphenous nerve F

With regard to the arteries in the femoral triangle

1 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the superficial femoral artery

2 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the external iliac artery

3 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery

4 The lateral circumflex artery is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery

5 The lateral circumflex artery is usually a branch of the external iliac artery

With regard to the arteries in the femoral triangle

1 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the superficial femoral artery

F

2 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the external iliac artery

F

3 The medial circumflex artery is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery

T

4 The lateral circumflex artery is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery

T

5 The lateral circumflex artery is usually a branch of the external iliac artery

F

Both the medial and lateral circumflex arteries are usually direct branches of the profunda femoris artery (also known as the deep femoral artery)

From lateral to medial the muscles of the floor of the femoral triangle are in the following order

1 Adductor longus, pectineus, psoas major

2 Pectineus, psoas major, sartorius,

3 Iliacus, pectineus, psoas major, adductor longus

4 Pectineus, psoas major, iliacus

5 Iliacus, psoas major, pectineus, adductor longus

From lateral to medial the muscles of the floor of the femoral triangle are in the following order

1 Adductor longus, pectineus, psoas major F

2 Pectineus, psoas major, sartorius, F

3 Iliacus, pectineus, psoas major, adductor longus F

4 Pectineus, psoas major, iliacus F

5 Iliacus, psoas major, pectineus, adductor longus T

From lateral to medial the muscles of the floor of the femoral triangle are Iliacus, psoas major, pectineus and adductor longusThe medial border of Adductor Longus and the medial border of Sartorius make up the medial and lateral boundaries of the femoral triangle respectively

The femoral nerve

1 is derived from the 2nd, 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves

2 supplies no muscle above the inguinal ligament

3 has no branches that go distal to the level of the knee

4 lies between the femoral artery and vein within the femoral sheath

5 supplies proprioceptive fibres both to the hip joint and knee joint

The femoral nerve

1 is derived from the 2nd, 3rd and 4th lumbar nerves T

2 supplies no muscle above the inguinal ligament F

3 has no branches that go distal to the level of the knee

F

4 lies between the femoral artery and vein within the femoral sheath

F

5 supplies proprioceptive fibres both to the hip joint and knee joint

T

The femoral nerve supplies iliacus above the inguinal ligament. The saphenous nerve, a sensory branch of the femoral nerve, goes as far as the ankle - at times as far as the foot

The following structures drain into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes: 1 anal canal

2 scrotum

3 uterus

4 testis

5 vulva

The following structures drain into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes: 1 anal canal T

2 scrotum T

3 uterus T

4 testis F

5 vulva T

The distal half of the anal canal drains to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes bilaterally The fundus of the uterus does in fact drain to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes via lymphatics which accompany the round ligament of the uterus The testes drain to the para-aortic lymph nodes alongside the origins of the testicular arteries

The long (great) saphenous vein

1 lies in the femoral canal

2 drains into the external iliac vein

3 pierces the deep fascia in the distal thigh to enter the adductor canal

4 receives the termination of the short saphenous vein below the level of the knee joint

5 receives the termination of the short saphenous vein above the level of the knee joint

The long (great) saphenous vein

1 lies in the femoral canal F

2 drains into the external iliac vein F

3 pierces the deep fascia in the distal thigh to enter the adductor canal

F

4 receives the termination of the short saphenous vein below the level of the knee joint

F

5 receives the termination of the short saphenous vein above the level of the knee joint

F

The long saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein It pierces the deep fascia in the proximal thigh, a short distance below the inguinal ligament, before draining into the femoral vein The short saphenous vein empties into the popliteal vein

The femoral triangle

1 is bounded medially by pectineus

2 is bounded laterally by iliacus

3 is bounded laterally by the sartorius

4 has a proximal boundary formed by the inguinal ligament

5 contains the profunda femoris artery

The femoral triangle

1 is bounded medially by pectineus F

2 is bounded laterally by iliacus F

3 is bounded laterally by the sartorius T

4 has a proximal boundary formed by the inguinal ligament

T

5 contains the profunda femoris artery T

pectineus and iliacus make up the floor of the femoral triangle

Concerning veins of the lower limb

1 the junction between the short saphenous and popliteal veins (saphenopopliteal junction) is typically 5 to 6 cm distal to the knee joint line

2 normally, the direction of blood flow is from the deep veins to the superficial veins

3 the junction between the long saphenous vein and femoral vein (the saphenofemoral junction) is typically 6 to 8 cm inferolateral to the pubic tubercle

4 deep veins do not possess valves

5 the long saphenous vein receives tributaries from the anterior abdominal wall as well as from the scrotum

Concerning veins of the lower limb

1 the junction between the short saphenous and popliteal veins (saphenopopliteal junction) is typically 5 to 6 cm distal to the knee joint line

F

2 normally, the direction of blood flow is from the deep veins to the superficial veins

F

3 the junction between the long saphenous vein and femoral vein (the saphenofemoral junction) is typically 6 to 8 cm inferolateral to the pubic tubercle

F

4 deep veins do not possess valves F

5 the long saphenous vein receives tributaries from the anterior abdominal wall as well as from the scrotum

T

The saphenopopliteal junction is usually above the level of the knee joint line The saphenofemoral junction is 1 to 2 cm inferolateral to the pubic tubercle Deep veins do possess competent valves, albeit in smaller number than in superficial veins The tributary from the anterior abdominal wall is called the superficial epigastric vein and the tributaries from the scrotum are the external pudendal veins 

The femoral nerve

1 is a branch of the lumbar plexus

2 has a root value of L5, S1, S2

3 is a content of the femoral sheath

4 supplies iliacus

5 supplies gluteus medius

The femoral nerve

1 is a branch of the lumbar plexus T

2 has a root value of L5, S1, S2 F

3 is a content of the femoral sheath F

4 supplies iliacus T

5 supplies gluteus medius F

The root value of the femoral nerve is L2,3 & 4The femoral nerve lies outside the femoral sheath, lateral to the sheathGluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae are supplied by thesuperior gluteal nerve, not the femoral nerve

The femoral artery

1 is a direct continuation of the internal iliac artery

2 is a direct continuation of the common iliac artery

3 commences at the mid-inguinal point

4 lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath

5 gives off the profunda femoris artery as a direct branch

The femoral artery

1 is a direct continuation of the internal iliac artery F

2 is a direct continuation of the common iliac artery F

3 commences at the mid-inguinal point T

4 lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath F

5 gives off the profunda femoris artery as a direct branch T

The femoral artery is a direct continuation of the external iliac arteryThe femoral artery commences at the mid-inguinal point which is halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the upper edge of the pubic symphysis)Within the femoral sheath the order of structures, from lateral to medial is – femoral artery, femoral vein and femoral canal, the latter being a space within the femoral sheath, medial to the femoral vein

The femoral artery

1 is a direct continuation of the internal iliac artery

2 is a direct continuation of the common iliac artery

3 commences at the mid-inguinal point

4 lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath

5 gives off the profunda femoris artery as a direct branch

The femoral artery

1 is a direct continuation of the internal iliac artery F

2 is a direct continuation of the common iliac artery F

3 commences at the mid-inguinal point T

4 lies medial to the femoral vein in the femoral sheath F

5 gives off the profunda femoris artery as a direct branch T

The femoral artery is a direct continuation of the external iliac arteryThe femoral artery commences at the mid-inguinal point which is halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the upper edge of the pubic symphysis)Within the femoral sheath the order of structures, from lateral to medial is – femoral artery, femoral vein and femoral canal, the latter being a space within the femoral sheath, medial to the femoral vein

The Femoral nerve supplies

1 hip joint

2 adductor longus

3 sartorius

4 quadriceps femoris

5 skin over the anterior aspect of the thigh

The Femoral nerve supplies

1 hip joint T

2 adductor longus F

3 sartorius T

4 quadriceps femoris T

5 skin over the anterior aspect of the thigh T

Adductor longus is supplied by the obturator nerve, not the femoral nerve The intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh, a branch of the femoral nerve, supplies the skin over the front of thigh

Adductor Longus

1 Originates from the ischium

2 Originates from the anterior superior iliac spine

3 Originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine

4 Originates from the femur

5 Originates from the pubis

Adductor Longus

1 Originates from the ischium F

2 Originates from the anterior superior iliac spine F

3 Originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine F

4 Originates from the femur F

5 Originates from the pubis T

Adductor Longus originates from the body of the pubis.It inserts onto the linea aspera of the Femur

The femoral sheath

1 is derived partially from the fascia transversalis

2 contains the femoral vein

3 contains lymphatics

4 contains the femoral canal

5 contains the femoral nerve

The femoral sheath

1 is derived partially from the fascia transversalis T

2 contains the femoral vein T

3 contains lymphatics T

4 contains the femoral canal T

5 contains the femoral nerve F

The femoral sheath is a funnel-shaped prolongation of extraperitoneal fascia into the femoral triangle.The anterior wall of the sheath is derived from fascia transversalis while the posterior wall of the sheath is derived from the fascia iliaca

The muscle labelled X is called

1 Adductor brevis

2 Pectineus

3 Psoas major

4 iliacus

5 Quadratus Femoris

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

The muscle labelled X is called

1 Adductor brevis F

2 Pectineus F

3 Psoas major F

4 iliacus T

5 Quadratus Femoris F

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle is

1 Lateral border of Adductor Longus

2 Lateral border of Adductor Brevis

3 Lateral border of Adductor Magnus

4 Medial border of Adductor Longus

5 Medial border of Adductor Magnus

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle is

1 Lateral border of Adductor Longus F

2 Lateral border of Adductor Brevis F

3 Lateral border of Adductor Magnus F

4 Medial border of Adductor Longus T

5 Medial border of Adductor Magnus F

Concerning the femoral triangle

1 its medial boundary is formed by the adductor longus muscle

2 it is continuous distally with the adductor canal

3 it contains the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

4 the sapheno-femoral junction is lateral to the femoral canal

5 the obturator externus muscle forms part of its floor

Concerning the femoral triangle

1 its medial boundary is formed by the adductor longus muscle

T

2 it is continuous distally with the adductor canal T

3 it contains the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

T

4 the sapheno-femoral junction is lateral to the femoral canal

T

5 the obturator externus muscle forms part of its floor

F

The medial and lateral circumflex arteries are early branches of the profunda femoris artery, and thus are contents of the femoral triangle

The femoral ring

1 is bounded laterally by the femoral artery

2 is bounded laterally by the femoral vein

3 is bounded medially by the lacunar ligament

4 is bounded posteriorly by the pectineal ligament

5 lies supero-medial to the pubic tubercle

The femoral ring

1 is bounded laterally by the femoral artery F

2 is bounded laterally by the femoral vein T

3 is bounded medially by the lacunar ligament T

4 is bounded posteriorly by the pectineal ligament T

5 lies supero-medial to the pubic tubercle F

The femoral ring is the name given to the opening at the proximal end of the femoral canalThe femoral ring lies inferolateral to the pubic tubercleThe boundaries of the femoral ring are•Anteriorly – inguinal ligament•Medially – lacunar ligament•Posteriorly – pectineal ligament and pectineus•Laterally – femoral vein

The profunda femoris artery

1 usually arises from the medial aspect of the femoral artery

2 usually arises from the posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery

3 gives off the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

4 accompanies the femoral artery into the adductor canal

5 is the principal source of blood to the hamstrings

The profunda femoris artery

1 usually arises from the medial aspect of the femoral artery

F

2 usually arises from the posterolateral aspect of the femoral artery

T

3 gives off the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

T

4 accompanies the femoral artery into the adductor canal

F

5 is the principal source of blood to the hamstrings T

The profunda femoris usually arises from the posterolateral or posterior aspect of the femoral artery

The muscle labelled Y is called

1 Adductor brevis

2 Pectineus

3 Psoas major

4 iliacus

5 Quadratus Femoris

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

The muscle labelled Y is called

1 Adductor brevis F

2 Pectineus F

3 Psoas major T

4 iliacus F

5 Quadratus Femoris F

Inguinal ligament

mediallateral

sartorius

YZ

Addu

ctor

long

us

Concerning the femoral canal

1 it is a space within the femoral sheath

2 it lies lateral to the femoral vein

3 it may contain a lymph node

4 it transmits the ilioinguinal nerve

5 normally contains a pouch of peritoneum

Concerning the femoral canal

1 it is a space within the femoral sheath T

2 it lies lateral to the femoral vein F

3 it may contain a lymph node T

4 it transmits the ilioinguinal nerve F

5 normally contains a pouch of peritoneum T

The French call the lymph node within the femoral canal the ‘lymph node of Cloquet’, while the Germans refer to it as the ‘lymph node of Rosenmuller’!A pouch of peritoneum in the femoral canal is ALWAYS abnormal, and is termed a femoral hernia!