evaluation of round-up ready soybean cultivars for ...evaluation of round-up ready soybean cultivars...
TRANSCRIPT
Evaluation of Round-Up Ready Soybean Cultivars for Resistance toXanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
L. D. Goradia1, S.L. Daniel1, and G. L. Hartman2
1Eastern Illinois University Charleston, IL 61920 and 2University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61802
Table 1. Sixty-six (66) soybean cultivarswere highly susceptible.
Table 2. Forty-one (41) soybeancultivars were moderately susceptible.
Table 3. Forty-four (44) soybeancultivars were less susceptible.
43NAPi 520.733
40.75DSR-228 RRDAIRYLAND
41.254410 SCNSTEYER
43K-282-2 RRKRUGER
43.5RICHMOND VIRRMERSCHMAN
44.258314 RREXCEL
44.5EX-1097 RRLATHAM
45.25V 282 RRVIGORO
45.75K-286 RRKRUGER
46K-323 RRKRUGER
47.258410 NRREXCEL
47.75285 CRRMWS
48.25SS 2618HENKEL
48.25H 3505 RRGOLDEN HARVEST
49.5TRISOY 3017 RRNTRISLER
50.5HS 4107FS HISOY
51V 442 NRRVIGORO
51.25271.RPWSCHILLINGER
51.2593B67PIONEER
51.5K-330 RR/SCNKRUGER
54K-330 RRKRUGER
55.253800-4STINE
55.5551 RRHUGHES
55.75KB 244 RRKALTENBERG
55.758395 RREXCEL
56.752803 RRSIEBEN
57C 48009 RNCROW'S
57AG 4403ASGROW
57.5V 363 NRRVIGORO
57.75DG 3370 RRUAP
57.75437 NRRBECK
59.25K-262-2 RRKRUGER
61.25V 272 NRRVIGORO
61.25K-323-3 RRKRUGER
61.5DSR-395 RRDAIRYLAND
61.54425 CRRBAKER
61.75DSR-322 RRDAIRYLAND
62.53808-4STINE
638234 RREXCEL
63.5CHEROKEE XRRMERSCHMAN
63.58195 RREXCEL
642463-4STINE
64HS 3706FS HISOY
65K-300 RRKRUGER
65.253101 RRSTRIKE
66.75H 3983 RRGOLDEN HARVEST
67283 RRBECK
67.5667 RRLATHAM
67.75RT 4495 NSOUTHERN STATES
69.25K-444 RR/SCNKRUGER
70US S2709 RRUNITED SUPPLIERS
70.754505 CRRBAKER
71.5TRISOY 3217 RRNTRISLER
74.52820 RRDERAEDT
76.25SP 3400 RRSUN PRAIRIE
76.25321.RCSCHILLINGER
76.25DKB 44-51DEKALB
76.75HS 3005FS HISOY
842801 RRSTRIKE
84.252582 RRWILKEN
85.5RT 4098SOUTHERN STATES
85.75211.RWSCHILLINGER
87EX 292 NWILLCROSS
888254 RREXCEL
89.75DPX 4300 RRDELTA & PINE LAND
94.25R 4268 RRROESCHLEY
104.253402 RRWILKEN
160.5DST 2129 RRDAIRYLAND
Average # of pustules/plantCompanyName
18.5NAWilliams 82
21.75K-255 RRKRUGER
20.752736-4STINE
20.75CHICKASAW VIIRRMERSCHMAN
21.25RT 4585FS HISOY
22.254202-4STINE
22.5DKB 28-51DEKALB
23.54965 RRDELTA KING
23.75DKB 23-51DEKALB
24.25XTJ 174 RRDELTA KING
24.75K-222+ RRKRUGER
24.75BG 4401 NRRBIO GENE
26BT 351 RBERGMANN-TAYLOR
27.5RR 2331 NWILLCROSS
27.75PB-2861 RRPRAIRIE BRAND
28WE 944 RRWILKEN
28.5K-262 RR/SCNKRUGER
29.25281.RIPSCHILLINGER
29.75331.RCPSCHILLINGER
302568 RRWILKEN
30DKB 26-51DEKALB
30.753461 NRRWILKEN
31.25RR 2242WILLCROSS
31.25250.RPBSCHILLINGER
31.5DG 3468 NRRUAP
31.75HS 2906FS HISOY
32.5GL 3409 RRGREAT LAKES
32.75K-388+ RRKRUGER
34.25H 2871 RRGOLDEN HARVEST
34.752691 NRRWILKEN
35DSR-232 RRDAIRYLAND
35.5K-289 RRKRUGER
35.752583 RRWILKEN
36.5EX-787 RRLATHAM
37DG 3278 RRUAP
37.5K-443-3 RR/SCNKRUGER
38.25PB-2841 RRPRAIRIE BRAND
38.75H 328 NRRHORIZON
39SP 3702 NRRSUN PRAIRIE
39BT 400 CRBERGMANN-TAYLOR
39.2593B85PIONEER
39.5DG 3484 NRRUAP
39.7594B23PIONEER
43NAPi 520.733
Average # ofpustules/plantCompanyName
1.75DKB 32-52DEKALB
1.5GR 3331MIDWEST SEED GEN
1.55366 RRDELTA KING
1.75K-252+ RRKRUGER
2.25SHAWNEE VIIIRRMERSCHMAN
2.53551 NRRWILKEN
3AG 2402ASGROW
3.53471 NRRWILKEN
3.75EXCEL 8274 RRNAGRINETICS
4.5H 3960 RRGOLDEN HARVEST
4.75K-250-1 RRKRUGER
4.75X 2515FS HISOY
5DSR-268 RRDAIRYLAND
6RS 310 RRRENK
6.25KENNEDY VIRRMERSCHMAN
6.5367 NRRBECK
7.25PB-3404 RRPRAIRIE BRAND
7.75K-255-5 RRKRUGER
8.258306 RREXCEL
8.75RR 2350WILLCROSS
8.75KSC 3926 CRRKITCHEN
8.75H 379 RRHORIZON
10.5US S2101 RRUNITED SUPPLIERS
11.75US E3802 RRUNITED SUPPLIERS
123403 RRWILKEN
12ROOSEVELT IIIRRMERSCHMAN
12.75DKB 45-51DEKALB
13RT 3585FS HISOY
13.5X 2815FS HISOY
14.25EX-747 RRNLATHAM
14.25DSR-290 RRDAIRYLAND
14.5V 393 NRRVIGORO
14.5310.RPSCHILLINGER
15K-444-4 RR/SCNKRUGER
158484 RREXCEL
15.25DSR-272 RRDAIRYLAND
15.75XP 3132 RRSUN PRAIRIE
17.253498 RRWILKEN
17.254762 RRDELTA KING
17.25DKB 40-51DEKALB
17.5RR 2392 NWILLCROSS
18AG 2703ASGROW
18.252318 RRWILKEN
19.5RR 2321 NWILLCROSS
18.5NAWilliams 82
Average # ofpustules/plantCompanyName
Introduction
Bacterial pustule is caused by the bacteriumXanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. It is mostprevalent in soybean growing areas, especially incountries like Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea,Sudan and the United States. X. axonopodis pv.glycines is a gram negative, aerobic rod shapedbacterium.
Bacterial pustule occurs primarily on the foliage ofsoybeans. The first symptoms are small, yellow-green spots with reddish-brown centers on theupper leaf surface (Figure 1) . In later stages dried,broken remnants of pustule may be seen on smallnecrotic areas bordered by narrow yellow halos.
A very high level of resistance to bacterial pustuledisease is conferred by a recessive genedesignated rxp, originally found in soybean cultivarCNS.
Objective
The objective of this study was to screen Round-up® ready soybean cultivars for resistance to X.axonopodis pv. glycines.
Method
Round-up® ready soybean cultivars (525) weregrown in the greenhouse for 14-20 days inuniversal soil mix. Plants were sprayed with X.axonopodis pv. glycines inoculum. The culture wasgrown in Potato dextrose broth at 25oC for 8h. Theinoculum size was adjusted to 108 viable cells/mI.The first trifoliates were damaged by a perforationneedle. Inoculation was done by spraying theinoculum using an atomizer attached tocompressed air-line (Figure 2). Results wererecorded after 7 days by counting the number ofpustules on heavily infected trifoliate leaves (Figure3). The susceptible varieties were tested again andthe experiment was duplicated.
Results
Of the 525 Round-up® ready soybean cultivarsscreened, 152 cultivars (~28%) were found to besusceptible to X. axonopodis pv. glycines andformed pustule.
Under standard greenhouse conditions, theaverage number of pustules per plant was 43 and18 for susceptible control (P1 520.733) theresistant control (Williams 82), respectively
When the 152 susceptible cultivars were testedagain, 66 were found to be highly susceptible,based on the observation that these cultivarsaveraged more pustules per plant than thesusceptible control (Table1).
Forty-one (41) cultivars were found to bemoderately susceptible based on the observationthat the average number of pustules per plant fellbetween the range of susceptible and resistantcontrols (Table 2).
Forty-four (44) cultivars were found to be lesssusceptible, based on the observation that thesecultivars averaged less pustules per plant than theresistant control (Table 3).
Conclusions
These results suggest that resistance is not being maintained in commercial soybean cultivars which maylead to an increased incidence of bacterial pustule in the field, thus impacting soybean yields.
Further research calls for detecting if the rxp gene is inserted in these soybean cultivars.
Acknowledgement
I would like to thank Dr. Hartmari for the facilities and Ron Warsaw for his help in acquiring seeds and TheLewis Hanford Tiffany Botany Graduate Research Fund for funding.
References
1. Hartman, G.L. et. al., ed. 1999. Compendium ot Soybean Diseases. APS Press. 2. Hartwig, E.E and S.G. Lehman. Agron Journal. 43:226-229. 1951. 3. Oh, C., S. Heu, and Yong-Chul Choi. Plant Pathol. J. 15(1):57-61. 1999.