european exploration & conquest
DESCRIPTION
W. European Exploration & Conquest. W. Earlier Explorations. Islam & the Spice Trade Malaccas A New Player Europe Marco Polo, 1271 Chinese Admiral Zheng He & the Ming “Treasure Fleet” . Map of the Known World pre- 1492. W. Motives for European Exploration. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Earlier Explorations1. Islam & the Spice Trade
Malaccas2. A New Player Europe
Marco Polo, 12713.Chinese Admiral Zheng He &
the Ming “Treasure Fleet”
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Map of the Known World
pre- 1492
Motives for European Exploration
1. Crusades by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia.
2. Renaissance curiosity about other lands and peoples.
3. Reformation refugees & missionaries.
4. Gold5. Technological advances.6. Fame and fortune.
Gold, Glory, God
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New Maritime Technologies
Hartman Astrolabe
(1532)
Better Maps
Sextant
Mariner’s Compass
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New TechnologyCaravel
Wheel lock Musket
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Prince Henry, the Navigator
Started School for Navigation, 1419
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Museum of Navigationin Lisbon
Portuguese Maritime Empire
1. Exploring the west coast of Africa.
2. Bartolomeo Dias, 1487-tip of Africa.
3. Vasco da Gama, 1498-India.
4. Alfonso de Albuquerque (Goa, 1510; Malacca, 1511).
Columbus [1451-1506]
Columbus’ Four Voyages
Other Voyages of Exploration
Ferdinand Magellan: 1st Circumnavigation of the
World:Early 16c
Atlantic Explorations
Looking for “El Dorado”
Fernando Cortez
The First Spanish Conquests:The Aztecs
Montezuma II
vs.
The Death of Montezuma II
Mexico Surrenders to Cortez
The “Columbian Exchange” Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet Potatoes
Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco Quinine Cocoa Pineapple Cassava POTATO Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE
Syphilis
Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Onion Turnip Honeybee Grape Peach SUGAR CANE Oats Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox Flu Typhus Measles Malaria Diptheria Whooping Cough Rice Barley
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Cycle of Conquest & Colonization
Explorers Conquistadores
Missionari
es
PermanentSettlers
OfficialEuropeanColony!
Treasurefrom the Americas!
35 million pesos between 1596-1600
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill
European Empires in
the Americas
Triangular Trade
Treaty of Tordesillas: Pope’s Line of Demarcation
SpainPortugal
Father Bartolome de Las Casas
Spanish Monk who protested the Spanish cruelty towards Native Americans
New Laws 1542
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New Colonial Rivals
Impact of European Expansion1. Native American
populations ravaged by disease.
►Taino became extinct►1519 – 26 million►1605 – 2 million
2. 11-15 million Africans enslaved
3. Spread of Christianity
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4. Columbian Exchange5. Influx of gold & silver
into Europe = inflation.• 10.5 million from 1581-
16006. Deepened European rivalries.7. Funding voyages of
exploration led to• Joint-stock companies• Entrepreneurs• Mercantilism Capitalism
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8. New Patterns of World Trade
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