establishing conceptual clarity for innovation for inclusive development nonhlanhla mkhize iid...
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Establishing conceptual clarity for Innovation for Inclusive Development
Nonhlanhla MkhizeIID Policy Seminar25 March 2015
Overview of Presentation
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• Policy context
• Trends
• Concepts
• Conclusion
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Thriving for inclusive development…
STI in development
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• Impacts – wealth creation and quality of life• Priorities - ‘meeting basic needs at community
level’, ‘reducing the total costs of infrastructure provision’ and ‘environmental sustainability’
• ‘urban and rural communities need to be assisted and encouraged to adopt social and technological innovations to assist them in decision-making and to enhance their ability to make informed choices’
• Strong focus on the social dynamics of innovation• Inclusion of a Poverty Reduction mission -
‘demonstration and diffusion of technologies to impact quality of life and enhanced service delivery’
Ministerial review findings..
• role of social innovation in the NSI is under-conceptualised and under-developed
- Innovation for development: pre-eminent priorities from poverty and unemployment
• state’s investment on innovation has been biased towards “big science”
• Supply-side thinking prevalent poor responses to market and social demand
• Inadequate institutionalization of science, technology and innovation measurement capacity
• Social innovation strategy5
Innovation that contributes to….
• access to basic services• reduces drudgery• indigenous knowledge
based solutions• economic inclusion unlock new opportunities enhance existing
opportunities• Skills: new and existing informal economy
considerations• Knowledge generation• New technologies
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Innovation and inclusive developmentInnovation• New or modified products services processes
Inclusive development• Development process inclusive
of all (ito participation)• Development benefits enjoyed
by all (access + quality)• Development that reduces
exclusion, poverty and inequality
SA contextGini coefficientpoverty,
unemploymentinformality in
economyyouth factor
• different types of exclusion
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Why IID?• innovation in support of
inclusion of marginalized or excluded groups and the utilization of their capacity and capabilities
participants in processbeneficiaries creators and co-
creators• resource based to
knowledge based economy
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Trends in innovation for inclusive development?
• Africa; *Asia; *Latin America; OECD
• Research eg. Globelics, UNIID-SEA, IDRC, WB, etc.
• Poor and informal economy as co-innovators
• Impact assessment*• Enabling IID
environment9
Presentation
Concepts…• Social innovation• Frugal innovation • Pro-poor innovation• Inclusive innovation
for inclusive development
• Inclusive innovation• Grassroots innovation• Base/bottom of the
pyramid innovation• Participatory innovation
development• Ghandian innovation10
• Inclusion a global priority
access and quality eg. basic services and STI activities
engagement (demand vs. supply driven
economic participation
recognition of capacity
• Informal economy• Innovation requires
appropriate capacities
Examples of social innovation definitions
• No universally agreed definition
- Social innovations are new strategies, concepts, ideas and organizations that meet social needs of all kinds — from working conditions and education to community development and health — that extend and strengthen civil society.
- A novel solution to a social problem that is more effective, efficient, sustainable, or just than present solutions and for which the value created accrues primarily to society as a whole rather than private individuals
- Examples of social innovations include micro-finance; distance learning; etc.
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Examples of inclusive innovation definitions
• No uniform definition- Any innovation that leads to affordable access of quality goods
and services creating livelihood opportunities for the excluded population, primarily at the base of the pyramid, and on a long term sustainable basis with a significant outreach;
- Knowledge creation, acquisition, absorption and distribution efforts targeted directly at meeting the needs of the low-income;
- Refers to innovation processes that specifically address the needs of the BoP and involve the BoP not only as consumer, but also as producer, employee, and entrepreneur;
- Global collaboration focused on feeding the world, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and protecting what matters most.
- Active inclusion of those who are excluded from the mainstream of development.
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Innovation for inclusive development*
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Grassroots
innovation
Frugal innovation
1996 White Paper on S&T• Establishing an efficient, well‐coordinated and integrated
system of technological and social innovation;• Encouraging creative and collaborative partnerships for
individual and national benefit;• Advancing knowledge as an important aspect in national
development; • Improving support to all types of innovation fundamental to
sustainable economic growth, employment creation, equity through redress and social development;
• Inclusion of formerly marginalised stakeholders in science and technology policy‐making and resource‐allocation activities; and
• Problem solving involving the multidisciplinary use of engineering, the natural, health, environmental and human and social sciences
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IID is “disruptive”….
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Siyabonga
Dankie
Enkosi
Ha khensa
Re a leboga
Ro livhuwa
Siyathokoza
Thank you
18Presentation www.dst.gov.za