Essential QuestionEssential Question

How did America How did America expand its influence expand its influence

around the world in the around the world in the late 1800s?late 1800s?

US US ExpansionisExpansionis

mm

Reasons for ExpansionismReasons for Expansionism

Need to be Need to be involved in world involved in world affairsaffairs

Need for places to Need for places to investinvest

Need for raw Need for raw materials (oil, materials (oil, rubber, tin, etc.)rubber, tin, etc.)

Expansion in the Expansion in the PacificPacific

U.S. looked U.S. looked toward Asiatoward Asia

Expanding Expanding business business marketsmarkets

AlaskaAlaska

18671867

Purchased Purchased from Russiafrom Russia

HawaiiHawaii

Sugar plantationsSugar plantations

1898 – U.S. 1898 – U.S. annexed Hawaiiannexed Hawaii

Pearl Harbor, HawaiiPearl Harbor, Hawaii

The Spanish-American WarThe Spanish-American War

Latin AmericaLatin America

Important Important source of trade source of trade

U.S. concerned U.S. concerned with European with European influence in the influence in the regionregion

Yellow Yellow JournalismJournalism

Sensationalist Sensationalist reportingreporting

Writers Writers exaggerate or exaggerate or make up stories make up stories to attract readersto attract readers

New York New York JournalJournal

Owned by Owned by William William Randolph Randolph HearstHearst

New York WorldNew York World

Owned by Owned by Joseph Joseph PulitzerPulitzer

Reporting the War in CubaReporting the War in Cuba

Stories of Spanish Stories of Spanish atrocities found in atrocities found in both newspapersboth newspapers

Goal = sell more Goal = sell more paperspapers

Enraged Enraged Americans against Americans against the Spanishthe Spanish

The MaineThe Maine

Feb. 15, 1898Feb. 15, 1898

The ship exploded The ship exploded in the harbor, in the harbor, killing 266 sailorskilling 266 sailors

No one knew the No one knew the source of the source of the explosionexplosion

Results of the ExplosionResults of the Explosion

The press The press blamed Spainblamed Spain

““Remember Remember the Maine”the Maine”

Congress Congress approved war approved war preparationspreparations

Declaration of WarDeclaration of War April 11, 1898 – April 11, 1898 –

McKinley declared McKinley declared warwar

Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt – assistant secretary – assistant secretary of the Navyof the Navy

April 24 – Spain April 24 – Spain declared war on the declared war on the U.S. U.S.

War on Two War on Two FrontsFronts

In the Pacific In the Pacific (Philippines)(Philippines)

In the In the Caribbean Caribbean (Cuba)(Cuba)

PhilippinesPhilippines

Spanish colonySpanish colony

U.S. Navy U.S. Navy Commodore Commodore George Dewey – George Dewey – destroyed destroyed Spanish warships Spanish warships therethere

Rough RidersRough Riders

Volunteer Volunteer cavalry unitcavalry unit

Included Included Theodore Theodore RooseveltRoosevelt

Assisted in Assisted in capturing San capturing San Juan HillJuan Hill

Spanish SurrenderSpanish Surrender

Spain Spain surrendered two surrendered two weeks laterweeks later

Americans also Americans also occupied the occupied the Spanish colony of Spanish colony of Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

Puerto Rico and GuamPuerto Rico and Guam

Annexed into the Annexed into the United StatesUnited States

1917 – became U.S. 1917 – became U.S. citizens with full citizens with full rightsrights

CubaCuba

Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment

Made Cuba a U.S. Made Cuba a U.S. protectorateprotectorate

Gave U.S. the right Gave U.S. the right to build a naval to build a naval station and to station and to intervene to protect intervene to protect Cuba’s Cuba’s independenceindependence

Guantanamo BayGuantanamo Bay

U.S. ControlU.S. Control