essay errors *copy on left (cornell style) and skip lines!!! 1. sentences 2. sentence fragments 3....

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ESSAY ERRORS ESSAY ERRORS *Copy on Left (Cornell style) and SKIP *Copy on Left (Cornell style) and SKIP LINES!!! LINES!!! 1. Sentences 1. Sentences 2. Sentence Fragments 2. Sentence Fragments 3. Correcting Fragments 3. Correcting Fragments 4. Run-On Sentences 4. Run-On Sentences 5. Fused Sentences 5. Fused Sentences 6. Comma Splices 6. Comma Splices 7. Correcting Run-Ons 7. Correcting Run-Ons * Only copy what is * Only copy what is written in written in red red

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ESSAY ERRORSESSAY ERRORS*Copy on Left (Cornell style) and SKIP LINES!!!*Copy on Left (Cornell style) and SKIP LINES!!!

1. Sentences1. Sentences2. Sentence Fragments2. Sentence Fragments3. Correcting Fragments3. Correcting Fragments4. Run-On Sentences4. Run-On Sentences5. Fused Sentences5. Fused Sentences6. Comma Splices6. Comma Splices7. Correcting Run-Ons7. Correcting Run-Ons

* Only copy what is written in * Only copy what is written in redred

Most Common ErrorsMost Common Errors

– The sentence is AWKWARD (does not make The sentence is AWKWARD (does not make sense; missing words; fragments; run-ons).sense; missing words; fragments; run-ons).

– INCORRECT SPELLING INCORRECT SPELLING – INCORRECT PUNCUATIONINCORRECT PUNCUATION– INCORRECT USE OF WORDSINCORRECT USE OF WORDS

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

I ain't got no VISA I ain't got no VISA

I ain’t got no Red American ExpressI ain’t got no Red American Express

We can’t go nowhere exoticWe can’t go nowhere exotic

It don’t matter ‘cause I’m the one that loves you bestIt don’t matter ‘cause I’m the one that loves you best

Talk to me girlTalk to me girl

Timbaland - Timbaland - The Way I Are Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

I Th-th-that that don't kill meI Th-th-that that don't kill me

Can only make me strongerCan only make me stronger

I need you to hurry up nowI need you to hurry up now

Cause I can't wait much longerCause I can't wait much longer

I know I got to be right nowI know I got to be right now

Cause I can't get much wrongerCause I can't get much wronger

Man I been waitin' all night nowMan I been waitin' all night now

That's how long I've been on yaThat's how long I've been on ya

Kanye West - Kanye West - Stronger Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

Then Watch Me Crank Dat RobocopThen Watch Me Crank Dat Robocop

Super Fresh, Now Watch Me JockSuper Fresh, Now Watch Me Jock

Jocking On Them Haterz MaynJocking On Them Haterz Mayn

When I Do Dat Soulja BoyWhen I Do Dat Soulja Boy

I Lean To The Left And Crank Dat ThangI Lean To The Left And Crank Dat Thang

Soulja Boy - Soulja Boy - Crank Dat Soulja Boy Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

I need a credit card that's got no limitI need a credit card that's got no limit

And a big black jet with a bedroom in itAnd a big black jet with a bedroom in it

Gonna join the mile high club Gonna join the mile high club

At thirty-seven thousand feetAt thirty-seven thousand feet--(Been there done that)—--(Been there done that)—

Nickelback Rockstar LyricsNickelback Rockstar Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

I don't wanna see another hurricaneI don't wanna see another hurricane Baby you can kill the pain Baby you can kill the pain

If you just let me explain If you just let me explain

Trust me I know what I'm sayin' Trust me I know what I'm sayin' You will end up on the track of an oncoming train You will end up on the track of an oncoming train

Stuck in the passenger seat Stuck in the passenger seat

Tryin'a do the fast laneTryin'a do the fast lane

Lil' Wayne Apologize (remix) LyricsLil' Wayne Apologize (remix) Lyrics Featuring: Featuring: Timbaland Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

Shawty Fly, Shawty TightShawty Fly, Shawty Tight

Shoulda Stayed There All NightShoulda Stayed There All Night

With You (You) With YouWith You (You) With You

I Missed Ya, Picked YaI Missed Ya, Picked Ya

Now Its Time INow Its Time I

Get Back Up With You(You)Girl With YouGet Back Up With You(You)Girl With You

Oh YeahOh Yeah

We Used To Kick Up At The ParkWe Used To Kick Up At The Park

Now She's All Grown UpNow She's All Grown Up

Rockin Them StilettosRockin Them Stilettos

Jumpin up Out That Mercedes TruckJumpin up Out That Mercedes Truck

Dreams Shawty Is A Ten LyricsDreams Shawty Is A Ten Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESSLet’s look at some examples.Let’s look at some examples.

Incompatible, it don't matter thoughIncompatible, it don't matter though

'cos someone's bound to hear my cry'cos someone's bound to hear my cry

Speak out if you doSpeak out if you do

you're not easy to findyou're not easy to find

Natasha Bedingfield Soulmate LyricsNatasha Bedingfield Soulmate Lyrics

AWKWARDNESSAWKWARDNESS

Some Sentences are Some Sentences are Awkward because Awkward because

they are run-ons or they are run-ons or sentence sentence

fragments!fragments!

FFun with un with FragmentsFragments

ExploringExploringSentences and Sentence FragmentsSentences and Sentence Fragments

1.1. SentencesSentences (copy on left)(copy on left)

A sentence is a A sentence is a group of words that group of words that expresses a complete thoughtexpresses a complete thought. . COPY ON RIGHTCOPY ON RIGHT

A sentence A sentence contains a subject and a contains a subject and a verbverb. . COPY ON RIGHTCOPY ON RIGHT

EXAMPLE: Dan Dan attendedattended the pep rally the pep rally before the football game.before the football game.

Sometimes part of the Sometimes part of the sentence may be missing.sentence may be missing.

Three little girls in the front rowThree little girls in the front row What’s missing?What’s missing?

Ran behind the blue couchRan behind the blue couch What’s missing?What’s missing?

In the attic at the top of the stairsIn the attic at the top of the stairs What’s missing?What’s missing?

When a group of wordsWhen a group of words fails to tell us fails to tell us

Who or what did something (Who or what did something (the the subjectsubject),),

What happened (What happened (the verbthe verb),),

Or both (Or both (the subjectthe subject and and the verbthe verb),),

we have what is known aswe have what is known as

a a sentence fragmentsentence fragment..

2. 2. Sentence FragmentSentence Fragment COPY ON LEFTCOPY ON LEFT

A A sentence fragmentsentence fragment isis only a only a piece of a sentencepiece of a sentence. . COPY ON RIGHTCOPY ON RIGHT

It It does not express a complete does not express a complete thoughtthought. . COPY ON RIGHTCOPY ON RIGHT

It is It is missing the subject or verbmissing the subject or verb. . COPY ON RIGHTCOPY ON RIGHT

Let’s correct Let’s correct these these

sentence sentence fragments!fragments!

Sat behind me in Sat behind me in science classscience class

What’s missing?What’s missing?

Yes, we need a Yes, we need a subjectsubject..

The new The new girlgirl satsat behind me in behind me in science class.science class.

The bag of groceries The bag of groceries on the kitchen on the kitchen

tabletable

What’s missing?What’s missing?

Yes, we need a Yes, we need a verbverb..

The The bagbag of of groceries on the groceries on the

kitchen table kitchen table goesgoes to Grandmother's to Grandmother's

house.house.

After the rain After the rain stoppedstopped

What’s missing?What’s missing?

Yes, we need a Yes, we need a subject subject andand a a

verbverb.. After the rain After the rain stopped, the stopped, the childrenchildren ran ran

outside to play.outside to play.

Remember,Remember,a sentence must tell a sentence must tell you you allall you need to you need to

know to have a know to have a complete thoughtcomplete thought..

3. Correcting Fragments COPY ON LEFT

• Subjects or verbs can be added COPY ON RIGHT

• Fragments can be joined together COPY ON RIGHT

• All of the following are correct– With his disposable lighter in his hand, he told

everyone to get out of the way. Then he lit the fuse.

– Pulling out his disposable lighter, Fred told everyone to get out of the way before he lit the fuse.

– He pulled out his disposable lighter. Fred told everyone to get out of the way and then he lit the fuse.

Watch out for Watch out for sentence sentence

fragments!fragments!

4. Run-on Sentences COPY ON LEFT

•A run-on sentence is a sentence that contains two improperly joined sentences (independent clauses). COPY ON RIGHT

4. Two types of run-on sentences:

Fused Sentences COPY ON RIGHT

Comma SplicesCOPY ON RIGHT

5. Fused Sentences COPY ON LEFT

•A Fused Sentence occurs when two sentences are joined without any

punctuation. COPY ON RIGHT

Incorrect: Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night they are probably wrong.

6. Comma SplicesCOPY ON LEFT

• A comma splice occurs when two sentences are joined with only a comma.

COPY ON RIGHT

Incorrect: The teacher told the students to complete the section on comma splices, she also told them to compose a five-page essay.

7. Four Ways to Correct Run-ons COPY ON LEFT

1. 1. Use a period. COPY ON RIGHT

Miranda was the lead vocalist in her band it was a punk rock band.

Miranda was the lead vocalist in her band. It was a punk rock band.

7. 2. Use a Semicolon COPY ON RIGHT

Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night

they are probably wrong.

Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night; they are probably wrong.

7. 3. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction(and, but, yet, for, or, nor, so) COPY ON RIGHT

First I Went to the grocery store then I went to the library.

First I went to grocery store, and then I went to the library.

7. 4. Add a subordinating conjunction or dependent word. COPY ON RIGHT

Maria and John like skiing Karen does not.

Some common subordinating conjunctions:

After, although, before, unless, as, because, even though, if, since, until, when, while.

Although Maria and John like skiing, Karen does not.

Practice

• Grammar Book Pages 25-26; 71-74