Equality of Opportunity

Puja Shrivastav

Puja Shrivastav

Equality of Opportunity Equality refers to a state of affairs in which all people

within a specific society or group have the same status. Equality of opportunity is best expressed in the phrase —

career open to talents. No arbitrary obstacles should prevent people from

achieving those public positions which their talents fit and which their values lead them to seek. Neither birth, nationality, colour, religion, sex nor any other equivalent characteristic should determine the public opportunities that are open to a person — only talent and achievement.

Puja Shrivastav

Equality of Opportunity Equality of opportunity means freedom to

pursue one's private interest or vocation without arbitrary restrictions based on irrelevant personal characteristics.

For example: We can ask students to participate in some activities but we can not force them for that.

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Concept of Equality of Access, Opportunity and outcomes Equality of Opportunity is a conception

generally describes fair competition for important jobs and positions such that contenders have equal chances to win such positions,

Applicants are not judged or hampered by unfair or arbitrary discrimination.

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Equality of Access Equity of access means that all people have the

information they need - regardless of age, education, ethnicity, language, income, physical limitations or geographic barriers.

It means they are able to obtain information in a variety of formats - electronic, as well as print.

It also means they are free to exercise their right to know without fear of censorship or reprisal

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Equality of Outcome Equality of outcome can be defined as to think it

as "equality in the central and valuable things in life.

It describes a state in which people have approximately the same material wealth or in which the general economic conditions of their lives are similar.

It depend on the opportunity provided to the individuals.

Puja Shrivastav

Puja Shrivastav

Formal Equality of Opportunity Formal equality of opportunity requires that

positions and posts that confer superior advantages to all applicants.

Applications are assessed on their merits, and the applicant deemed most qualified according to appropriate criteria is offered the position.

Alternatively, applicants are winnowed by fair competition, and the winner or winners get the superior advantages

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Formal Equality of Opportunity

The ideal of formal equality of opportunity is associated with the liberation of economic practices and institutions from guild privileges and restrictions and with the development of competitive market economies.

The slogan “careers open to talents” expresses the aspiration to establish a world where government posts go to the most qualified and economic opportunities may be seized by anyone independently of whether or not one's parents are of noble blood or cronies of the king.

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Substantive Equality of Opportunity Substantive equality of opportunity prevails with

respect to some desirable position or ranked order of positions just in case all members of society are eligible to apply for the position

Applications are fairly judged on their merits and the most meritorious are selected, and sufficient opportunity to develop the qualifications needed for successful application is available to all.

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Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Social mobility is the movement of

individuals, families, households or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society.

Mobility is most often quantitatively measured in terms of change in economic mobility such as changes in income or wealth.

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Human Rights Approach to Equality Human rights also promise the engagement

of responsibilities Gender Equality Health Care and Social Care Empowerment

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Affirmative Action and Equality of Opportunity Affirmative action or Positive

Discrimination is the policy of favouring members of disadvantaged group who suffer from discrimination within a culture.

In India Quota system is followed, where a certain percentage of jobs or school vacancies must be reserved for members of certain group.

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Equality of Opportunity and Meritocracy Meritocracy means distribution of goods

and positions solely in accordance with individual merit.

Ex: job should be given to that applicant who can do best in job.

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The Value of an Education Education is simply a sorting device Educated people actually know something that is

valuable to employers There is an interaction between years of

schooling and aspirations. Motivated people stay in school and staying in school motivates people to achieve.

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Class Class is based on Socio economic status. From a cultural point of view, schools represent

the values of the middle and upper classes. In a school that enrolls many middle class

children, more emphasis put on academic achievement.

However, a school that enrolls many higher class children, put more emphasis on other activities along with academic achievement

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Gender In the last twenty years, gender differences

have been reduced, but still continue to exist.

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Minority Vs Non-Minority Minority people are getting chance to work

with non-minority. In every field there is reservation for

minority, so that they can bring themselves at the equal plane.

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Thank You!

Puja Shrivastav