eposter abstracts presentation

ePoster Abstracts Presentation

Poster/Oral

Number Presenter Co-Presenter Supervisor

Mode of

Presentation Abstracts

P01 Muhamad Shaifunizam Alias Sani Mohammad Dr Chen Yeng e-Poster view

P02 Khoo Pei Sang Ng Mee Poh Prof Dr Tara Bai bt

Taiyeb Ali e-Poster view

P03 Chong Ze Hui Jade Ng Wai Yin Dr Cheah Chia Wei e-Poster view

P04 Jee Shao Ting Lee Pan Pan Dr Anand

Ramanathan e-Poster view

P05 Kuan Lai Yee Lim Hui Woon Dr Jacob John e-Poster view

P06 Tang Yee Chyuan Peh Xuan Lin A/P Dr Zamri Radzi e-Poster view

P07 Liyana Nadirah Binti Noorman Siti Behluwa binti Abdul

Manaf Dr Yap Lee Fah e-Poster view

P08 Lim Kah Hui Muhammad Syazwan bin

Salahudin Dr Firdaus bin Hariri e-Poster view

P09 Rabiatul Adawiah Binti

Mohamad Maisyafiqa Hamzah Dr Choon Yee Fan e-Poster view

P10 Dali Yana Binti Lion Margarie Elysae John Dr Elizabeth P. John e-Poster view

P11 Atiqah Syahira Sadikin Hildawani Mansor Dr Ratha Devi e-Poster view

P12 Yong Mun Nga Soh Kher Yen Dr Vinod Joshi e-Poster view

P13 Nur Azwina bt Ahmad Marzuki Nur Maryam Azman Dr Ahmad Izzat Mohd

Salleh e-Poster view

P14 Noor Syafizah Binti Abd

Rahman

Sharifah Faeqah Helmy Al

Husaini A/P Dr Zamros Yuzaidi e-Poster view

P15 Nurul Haizan Binti Dziauddin Nur Shafiqah Mohamed

Noor Dr Nor Himazian e-Poster view

P16 Lim Jun Yi Ngin Wei Chun Prof Ian Paterson e-Poster view

P17 Nabila Ilani Sri Suraya Dr Siti Mazlipah e-Poster view

P18 Muhammad Wakiyuddin bin

Saipul Bakhry

Khairulddin, Ikhwan

Khusairi Dr Choo Siew Who e-Poster view

Periodontal Screening Using Immunoproteomics Approach

Mohammad S1, Alias MS1, Mu A. K. W.2, Vaithilingam RD3, Yeng C2,4

1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2Dental Research and Training Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

3Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

4Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Objective: To look for a reliable diagnosis method to detect/ differentiate the periodontitis disease in the early stage if possible.

Methods: In the present study, pooled serum samples from 4 stages of periodontitis patients (early chronic periodontitis, moderate chronic periodontitis,

severe chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis) and healthy controls were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by

silver staining.

Results: We have identified 15 consistently appeared protein clusters in the sera of patients and normal control. All the proteins level was comparable

between sera of periodontitis patient and control except for protein KNG, AAT, HP and IGKC (p<0.05). In addition, the immunogenicity of these proteins

was also analysed using immunoblotting approach. The present data demonstrated that the immunoblotted profiles of periodontal diseases and controls

were distinctive. In depth, the Ig M obtained from pooled severe chronic periodontitis was proposed as a suitable autoantibody for the detection of

periodontal disease.

Conclusion: The present result is suggestive of the potential use of the differentially expressed host-immune response proteins as biomarkers for

periodontal screening. However, further studies are required to affirm the current finding.

Keywords: immunoblotting; periodontal disease; serum immunogenic protein; two-dimensional electrophoresis; proteomics; biomarker

P01

Awareness and knowledge of the association between periodontal disease and adverse

pregnancy outcomes among the prenatal population

Khoo PS1, Ng MP1, Tara Bai TA2

1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

2Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objective: To assess knowledge, behavior and attitude of selected Malaysian prenatal population regarding the relationship between periodontal disease

and preterm low birth weight babies. In addition to assess the relationship between knowledge, behavior, attitudes and symptoms which develop during

pregnancy.

Methods: A total of 339 pregnant women of 17-42 years of age, who were attending prenatal clinics at the Prenatal Health Centres in Penang, Perak and

Selangor were recruited, while they were being examined for routine health care. An informed consent was obtained from the subjects.

Results: Most of the respondents had sufficient knowledge on oral health care procedures and toward reported oral health, general health and smoking

habit (p = 0.000) which howeverwas not reflected in knowledge on periodontal disease and dental treatment during pregnancy. Majority of the respondents

practiced favourable oral health behaviors (p=0.000) and had good attitude towards oral health care during pregnancy (p=0.000). It was noted that oral

health care behavior was highly significantly associated with the reported symptom of bleeding gums (p=0.000).

Conclusion: Efforts should be made to increase knowledge and awareness among Malaysian prenatal population of preterm and low birth weight babies

and possible influence of periodontal disease.

Key words: Awareness, knowledge, attitude, preterm low birth weight, periodontal disease, smoking

P02

Student’s Perception on Periodontology in Undergraduate Teaching

Chong ZH1, Ng JW1, Cheah CW2

1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

2Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: To investigate the perception of University Malaya final year dental students on the importance of periodontology in dentistry and to assess

the perception of difference self-rated category of students on the relevance of teaching approaches and study source.

Methods: The subjects were final year (n=73) University Malaya dental undergraduates. A purposive sampling was utilized to conduct this research.

Data was gathered using a questionnaire which consist of 3 components namely perception on importance of periodontology, perception on relevance of

study source and perception on relevance of teaching approaches. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0.1 was used for data

analysis.

Results: 68 out of 73 students perceived that periodontology is an essential part of comprehensive care in total patient management. Higher percentage

of males agreed with periodontics as a desirable career option with dental implantology as the most attractive part of this specialty.Most of thestudents

agreed with the study source and teaching approaches.

Conclusions: Almost all the students realize the importance of Periodontology although some still perceive Periodontology as a barrier for comprehensive

care. Male students are more interested in pursuing career in Periodontology especially dental implantology. Study source and teaching approaches are

considered important by all students.

Keywords: student’s perception; undergraduate teaching; importance of periodontology; relevance; study source; teaching approaches

P03

Comparison between Five Different Scoring Methods for Immunohistochemical

Staining In Tissue Microarrays Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Jee ST1, Lee PP1, Ramanathan A2,3


2Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

3Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Objectives: This study compared the correspondence between 5 different scoring methods (simple quick scoring, semi-quantitative additive, semi-

quantitative multiplicative, H-score scoring and computer assistedscoring methods) for IHC staining of anti-p53 antibody using Tissue microarray (TMA)

of Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) tissues with a null hypothesis of no difference in correspondence between the 5 different scoring methods.

Methods: TMA for 69 cases of OSCCs were obtained and stained with monoclonal anti-p53 antibody. They were digitized and scored using the 5

different scoring methods by 2 researchers. The data were analysed for inter-observer and intra-observer agreement using weighted kappa statistic and

intra-class correlation coefficient. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient Test with 25th percentile test, Chi-Square test, Phi and Cramer’s V test were

carried to determine the association between the 5 different scoring methods.

Results: High inter-observer agreement between the two observers for all the 5 different scoring methods present. Two semi-quantitative scoring methods

showed poor intra-observer agreement. All 5 scoring methods showed significant correlation and association between each other.

Conclusions: There was no difference in correspondence between the five different scoring methods of IHC staining of anti-p53 antibody using TMA

of OSCCs tissues with the null hypothesis being accepted.When using any of these 5 quantitative IHC methods, it is of importance that calibration

between the observers and the inter-observer and intra-observer agreements are given due importance to get the best results.

Keywords: Immunohistochemistry; simple scoring; semiquantitative scoring; H-score; computer assisted scoring; intraobserver variability; interobserver

variability.

P04

Oral Health Status And Treatment Needs Of Children In A Special Needs School In Klang Valley, Malaysia

Kuan LY1 , Lim HW1 , John J2

1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

2Department of Diagnostic and Integrated Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.

Objectives: To assess oral health status and treatment needs among special needs children (SNC) in a Special Education Integrated Programme school

in the Klang Valley.

Methods: A total of 82 SNC with different types of learning disabilities aged 6-12 years old, who complied with the criteria, participated in this study.

Data was collected by clinical examination and analysed using SPSS 20.0 system.

Results: For primary dentition status, 62.2% of the SNC presented with ≤ 1 decayed teeth while 85.4% have no restoration in their oral cavity. For

permanent dentition, 68.3% of SNC had no decayed teeth while 95.1% had no restoration. However, almost all SNC required oral hygiene education

while more than half of them required oral prophylaxis and restorative treatment. Only 20.7% require extraction and 12.2% were advised to undergo

orthodontic treatment. 7.3% of SNC presented with tooth anomalies. More than a third have both Class I or Class II incisor relationship respectively and

two-thirds presented with Class I facial profile. 13.4% of SNC have undesirable oral habits.

Conclusion: SNC who participated in this study have satisfactory oral health status, however, they lack adequate oral hygiene awareness which require

further reinforcement.

Keywords: Special needs children, oral health, treatment needs, dental caries, periodontal health

P05

Mechanical And Surface Properties Of Initial And Working Aesthetic Orthodontic Archwires

Tang YC1, Peh XL1, Radzi Z2, Zakaria NN2


2Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: The study aims to compare mechanical properties and surface characteristics of initial and working aesthetic archwires with their

conventional counterparts. High Aesthetic Sentalloy (full rhodium coating nickel-titanium; Dentsply GAC) represented the initial aesthetic archwires;

and FLI TRU-CHROME (labial PTFE-coated stainless steel; RMO) as the working aesthetic archwires; together with their conventional counterparts

were analysed.

Methods: A three point bending test was conducted using a universal testing machine (AGS-X SERIES, Shimadzu, Japan) to determine the load-

deflection characteristics of archwires. Surface hardness was evaluated by Vickers microhardness test (HMV-FA, Shimadzu, Japan). A 3D Optical

Surface Texture Analyzer (ALICONA, InfiniteFocus Real3D, Belgium) and a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM, FEI Quanta 250,

USA) were used for surface evaluation.

Results: Results showed that load-deflection characteristics of High Aesthetic Sentalloy archwires did not differ from its control, whereas FLI TRU-

CHROME archwires exhibited higher loading and unloading forces than its counterpart. No statistically significant difference in surface hardness was

found between FLI TRU-CHROME and its control archwires. The coating surfaces of both aesthetic archwires were rougher than the non-coated

conventional archwires, with similar roughness between non-coated surface of FLI TRU-CHROME archwires and its counterpart. FLI TRUCHROME

archwires showed a distinct coating thickness but coating layer is undefined in High Aesthetic Sentalloy archwires.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the coating thickness influenced the cross-section dimension and load responses of archwires. Heat treatment process of

PTFE coating appeared not to affect hardness of FLI TRU-CHROME archwires. Aesthetic archwires are rougher than conventional archwires.

Keywords: Aesthetics, Hardness, Materials testing, Microscopy Electron Scanning, Orthodontic Wires, Surface properties

P06

Targeting Notch Signaling Pathway in Oral Cancer

Abdul Manaf SB¹ , Noorman LN1 , Puspita B2, Yap LF2


2Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: To identify which NOTCH receptor contributes to the aberrant signaling in OSCC and to investigate how ablation of NOTCH signaling

affects the growth of OSCC cells.

Method: A series of 9 OSCC cell lines were used in this study. The mRNA and protein expression of NOTCH receptors were examined by RT-PCR and

Western Blotting analysis, respectively. The effects of a NOTCH inhibitor, gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI), on OSCC cell growth were examined by

MTT assays.

Results: The mRNA expression of NOTCH 1and NOTCH 3 were readily detected in eight of the nine OSCC cell lines examined while NOTCH 2 was

only weakly expressed in four cell lines. Focusing on an OSCC cell line, H376, we found that the mRNA levels of NOTCH 1 were correlated well with

the protein expression. In addition, treatment of H376 with a GSI significantly reduced the growth of H376 cells in vitro.

Conclusion: NOTCH pathway might be aberrantly activated in OSCC and the ablation of NOTCH signaling reduced the growth of OSCC cells. These

findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of NOTCH signaling may represent a useful approach for the treatment of patients with OSCC.

Keywords: Oral squamous cell carcinoma, NOTCH signaling pathway, RT-PCR, Western Blotting analysis, MTT assays, Gamma secretase inhibitor

(GSI).

P07

Full Cup Test Study: Comparison between Three Different Pain Scales In Assessing Pain After

Surgical Removal Of Lower Third Molar

Lim KH1, Salahudin MS1, Hariri F2


2Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Objectives: (i) To verify whether full cup test (FCT) is a suitable pain scale to evaluate pain in comparison to the established numeric pain rating scale

(NPRS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) after surgical removal of lower third molar and (ii) to rank which of these three pain scales is the easiest to use.

Methods: A total of 50 patients, age between 18 to 30 years who underwent minor oral surgery for removal of impacted third molar were sampled in

Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The patients were provided with forms containing three pain scales and they were required to mark each pain

scales – FCT, NPRS and VAS daily for three consecutive post-operative days. The forms were collected a week later when patients came back for review.

The validity between NPRS with VAS, FCT with NPRS and FCT with VAS were tested using Spearman rank correlation coefficient.

Results: The correlation coefficient values for each pair were very high and significant. The findings when comparing Day 1, Day 2 and Day 3 and the

combination for those three days showed no significant differences. No evidences indicated that the findings for Day 1 were more superior in comparison

with other days.

Conclusion: FCT was as valid as NPRS and VAS. The pain scale which was claimed to be the easiest to use by patients was NPRS, followed by FCT

and VAS. However, further studies are needed to investigate the reliability and sensitivity of FCT.

Keywords: Full cup test (FCT); Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS); Visual analogue scale (VAS); Validity; Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient; Pain

scales.

P08

Expression Of Heparin- Binding Protein-17/ Fibroblast Growth Factor- Binding Protien-1 (HBp-17/FGFBP-1)

and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)

Mohamad RA1, Hamzah M1, Choon YF2


2Department of Oro-maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Objectives: To investigate the expression HBp-17/FGFBP-1 and FGF-2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its correlation with

clinicopathologic parameters.

Methods: 20 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma were immunostained to assess the expression of

HBp17/FGFBP-1 and FGF-2.

Results: Nine male and 11 female with mean age of 54.9 years old (S.D 12.22) were included in this study. Majority subject were Indian (60.0%) followed

by Malay (25.0%) and Chinese (15.0%). Most of the samples were moderately differentiated SCC (99.0%). Expression of HBp17/FGFBP-1 was observed

in three cases (15.0%) and five cases (25.0%) showed expression of FGF-2. Pattern of invasion correlated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.035). There

was only low expression for both HBp-17/FGFBP-1 and FGF-2. There are only 3 and 5 out of 20 cases show positive results for both FGF-BP and FGF2

respectively.

Conclusion: No significant relation was observed between the expression of HBp17/FGFBP-1 and FGF-2 and all the clinicopathological parameter

investigated.

Key Words: Fibroblast Growth Factor, Fibroblast Growth Factor-binding Protein, Squamous epithelium, Squamous cell Carcinoma.

P09

The DMFT as a Predictor for Bitewing Indication

Lion DY1, John ME1, John EP2


2Department of Diagnostic and Integrated Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: To determine the use of DMFT index as a predictor based on clinical examination prior to indication of bitewing radiograph.

Methods: The study sample was composed of 110 patients that attend their appointment at the primary care unit (PCU) then treatment continued by

dental student year 4 & 5. Clinical examination and bitewing radiographs were taken for each patient during first visit came to the clinic. Upon both

examination, detected occlusal caries was scored according to ICDAS criteria and recorded together with proximal caries. The DMFT score of the patient

also recorded and compared with the radiographic findings.

Results: Amount of proximal caries detected through radiographs alone is 60 compared to clinical examinations only were 22. The Kappa statatics show

significant value of both examinations, with 0.642 value (p<0.05). 140 occlusal caries can detected on clinical examination only and ICDAS score 3 & 4

had identified by both clinical and radiographic examination. 30.0% of the caries can be detected in the radiograph when the DMFT score is high and

caries detection in radiograph is 9.1% when the DMFT score is low. The spearman’s rho statistical analysis show significant value between DMFT and

bitewing radiographs with 0.535 values (P˂0.01).

Conclusion: The findings indicate that, DMFT index can be a predictor to indicate bitewing radiograph in a patient.

Keywords: Occlusal caries, proximal caries, DMFT, ICDAS, clinical examination, radiographic examination

P10

Awareness of Periodontal Disease and Knowledge of the Relationship between Smoking and

Periodontal Disease among Dental Patients in University of Malaya

Sadikin AS¹, Mansor H¹, Saub R2, Vaithilingam RD1


2Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: To assess the awareness of periodontal disease and level of knowledge of the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease amongst

subjects who are smokers verses non-smokers.

Methods: A questionnaire looking at knowledge of respondents regarding gum disease and knowledge and awareness about oral impacts of smoking on

periodontal disease was developed and pretested. Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE) index was used to assess periodontal status. Completed

questionnaires were then analyzed using the SPSS Version 12 for Windows.

Results: The questionnaire was answered by 130 subjects attending the Primary Care Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Universityof Malaya. Prevalence of

smoking was 14.6%. A total of 58.6% non-smokers and 57.9% smokers knew about periodontal disease. However, only 26.1% non-smokers and 10.5%

smokers knew that the cause for periodontal disease was plaque. More non-smokers than smokers knew that smoking affected periodontal health (80.2%

and 68.4% respectively) (p>0.05) and that tooth mobility was an effect of smoking on periodontal health (27.0% and 0%) (p=0.01). Regarding source of

information on the effect of smoking on periodontal health, 63.2% smokers and 63.1% non-smokers reported obtaining information through the mass

media. However, only 31.6% of smokers and 28.8% of non-smokers were informed by their dentist.

Conclusion: The level of knowledge about periodontal disease was low in this population of smokers and non-smokers. More non-smokers than smokers

knew that tooth mobility was an effect of smoking on periodontal health. Most subjects obtained their source of information on the effects of smoking

on periodontal health from the mass media.

Keywords: Knowledge, awareness, oral impacts of smoking, periodontitis, smoking cessation, risk factor

P11

Oral Health Partnership with Parents and Teachers of School Children with Special Needs

Soh KY1,Yong MN1, Joshi V2


2 Department of Diagnostic and Integrated Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of oral health partnership between dental students, parents and teachers of special needs children（SNC）at SK

Taman Maluri.

Methods: A total of 35 SNC, aged 6-12 years old, participated in plaque score screenings while their parents and 25 teachers participated in two

questionnaire surveys. A questionnaire was handed to the parents and teachers to assess their baseline oral health knowledge, attitude and practices

(KAP). Meanwhile, the SNC were screened for their baseline plaque score. Oral health education was then given to the teachers and parents. After 4

weeks, the same questionnaire was given to parents/teachers and plaque scores of the SNC were re-examined. The effectiveness of the oral health

partnership was assessed by measuring the improvement in KAP of the parents/teachers and final plaque score of the children.

Results: The mean plaque score of SNC improved from 0.95 to 0.74 after oral health intervention. For the parents and teachers, the score for oral health

knowledge (K) increased by 1.09 and 1.04 respectively. While there was insignificant improvement in their oral health attitude (A) of the parents/teachers,

the mean score for oral health practices (P) improved by 0.74 for parents and median score improved by 1.08 for teachers.

Conclusion: Oral health partnership between dental students, parents and teachers of SNC at SK Taman Maluri was effective in improving oral health

KAP of participants and indirectly improved the oral hygiene of SNC.

Keywords: Oral health partnership, special needs children, knowledge, attitudes, practice, plaque score

P12

Clinical Audit of Wisdom Tooth Removal Surgery in the University of Malaya

Ahmad Marzuki NA1, Azman NM1, Mohd Saleh AI2


2 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Aim. To evaluate and improve the standard of wisdom tooth removal surgery done in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Medical and Surgical

Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya.

Methodology. A prospective audit was carried out on patients who underwent surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom teeth. The surgeries were

performed by undergraduate and postgraduate students in the same clinic with similar surgical instruments, rotatory and irrigation devices. Data were

recorded by filling a prepared form. These included reason for surgical removal of impacted wisdom tooth, flap techniques, teeth impacted and the

tooth surgically removed, radiograph availability and operators’ management of the patients, including post-operative medication given, post-operative

review appointment and the presence and management of complications. These were compared to the management outlined in SIGN Publication no.

43.

Results. 69 patients met the inclusion criteria. 97% of patients had a SIGN-compliant reason for removal. 67% of patients were given antibiotics post-

operatively. 13% were not given a review appointment and 13% presented with complications during the review appointment. Management of almost

all patients were appropriate. One patient who developed alveolar osteitis was given antibiotics, which was inappropriate.

Conclusion. This audit has shown that there is a high compliance rate in the clinical management of patients undergoing wisdom tooth removal surgery

to the guidelines outlined in SIGN Publication no. 43. However, antibiotic misuse is a worrying problem and should be dealt with. The Faculty could

also improve in the area of post-operative review appointments.

Keywords: clinical audit, wisdom tooth, impacted tooth, oral surgery

P13

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Of 11-12 Year Old Malaysian Children and the Associated Factors

Abd Rahman NS1, Helmy Al-Husaini SF1 , Mohd Yusof ZY2 1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 2Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of oral impacts on 8 daily performances among 11-12 year old school children

in Malaysia, levels of impact intensity, the extent of impacts and factors associated with children’s oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Negeri Sembilan. Sample size was 3455 and Children’s OHRQoL was assessed using the Malay

Child-OIDP index which assessed oral impacts on eight daily performances. Data were non-normally distributed and were analysed using parametric

test, i.e. Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square. Significant factors for children’s OHRQoL were assessed using multiple logistic regression.

Results: Prevalence of overall oral impacts was 60.2%. The most prevalent oral impacts were on eating (40.6%), cleaning teeth (31.7%) and emotional

stability (24.4%). In each performance, the majority of impacts were of ‘very little’ level of impact intensity. Significant factors associated with children’s

oral impacts were location (OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.00-1.33), use of fluoride toothpaste (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.02-1.54; OR=1.65, 95%CI=1.26-2.16) and

sweets intake (OR=1.35, 95%CI=1.11-1.67; OR=1.40, 95%CI=1.12-1.75)

Conclusion: Location, use of fluoride toothpaste and frequency of sweets intake were significant factors associated with oral impacts and OHRQoL.

Keywords: OHRQoL, Malay Child-OIDP, oral impacts, school children, Malaysia

P14

Effectiveness of Educational Intervention in Improving Dental Care Knowledge among Aboriginal School Children

Dziauddin NH1 , Mohamed Noor NS1 , Mohamed NH2


2Department of Diagnostic and Integrated Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of oral health education intervention among Aboriginal children of Sekolah

Kebangsaan Menson, Tanah Rata in Cameron Highlands.

Methods: A total number of 47 school children aged between 6 to 7 years old participated in this cross sectional study. A teaching aid in the means of a

three dimensional (3D) booklet was used to deliver the knowledge and information. Data were collected using structured questionnaire administered by

the research students and the oral hygiene status were assessed through plaque scores examined by a single research student following the World Health

Organization (WHO) criteria which was done before and after the oral health intervention. Completed questionnaires were then analyzed using the SPSS

Version 12 for Windows.

Results: The anticipated outcome of this study is the improvements on the students’ oral hygiene status, knowledge and attitude. Upon completion of

this study, results showed that there are significant improvements in the oral hygiene status and oral hygiene knowledge and attitude among the school

children.

Conclusions: The improvement in this study shows that educational intervention is important in improving the oral health knowledge and attitude of the

school children which should be implemented since childhood. It is the development of new effective teaching methods that need to be implemented

which is just one means of achieving improved oral health outcomes for indigenous school children in Cameron Highlands.

Keywords: educational intervention, dental care knowledge, Aboriginal tribal children

P15

Cell Signalling in Oral Cancer: Effect of Inhibition of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptors on Cell Viability and

Migration in Oral Cancer Cells

Lim JY 1, Ngin WC1, Pathmanathan SN2 , Paterson IC2


2Department of Oral Biology &Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya

Objectives: The bioactive lipid sphingosine -1-phosphate (S1P) is thought to promote tumor aggressiveness following activation of a family of receptors

(S1PR1-5). The objectives of this study were to determine whether inhibition of S1P receptors affects the viability and migration of oral cancer cell lines

(H357, H400)in vitro.

Methods: The chemical VPC23019 (antagonist of S1PR1/3) and FTY720 (antagonist of S1PR1/3/4/5) were used to inhibit S1P receptor signalling.

MTT assays were used to examine cell viability. 1x104cells were seeded in 96-well plate. Cells were treated with different concentration of inhibitors.

The absorbance of the wells were read with a plate-reader. Cell migration was assessed using Transwell assay. 1 x 106 cells were seeded into the upper

chamber and allowed to migrate in the presence of S1P and presence or absence of VPC 23019. Lastly, cells were stained and counted in five random

fields by microscopy.

Results: VPC23019 and FTY720 reduced the viability of oral cancer cells to a greater extent than in normal cells. S1P significantly increased the

migration of H357 cells and VPC23019 inhibited this effect.

Conclusion: The antagonism of S1P receptors by VPC23019 and FTY720 reduced the viability of oral cancer cells.FTY720 was shown to reduce cell

viability more effectively compared to VPC23019 at lower concentrations and appeared selective for cancer cells. S1P was shown to induce H357 cell

migration significantly. The inhibitory effect of VPC23019 towards the S1PR1 and S1PR3 receptors reduced S1P-induced migration of oral cancer cells.

Keywords: Oral cancer, Sphingosine-1-phosphate, VPC23019, FTY720, MTT assay, Transwell assay

P16

Dental Injuries in Maxillofacial Trauma in University of Malaya

Mohd Zain NI1, Sajali SS1 , Ismail SM2


2Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Introduction: Dental injuries are commonly related maxillofacial trauma. However, it has low priority in the acute trauma management. We aim to

investigate the adequacy of dental treatment for dental injuries.

Materials and methods: Records of patients attending the Trauma Review Clinic in Dental Faculty from January 2013 to October 2014 were reviewed.

Data on cause of trauma, type of maxillofacial injuries, dental injuries, other associated injuries and dental treatment needs of the injured teeth were

obtained.

Results: Out of 58 maxillofacial trauma cases seen, 36 had documented dental injuries. Avulsion and crown fracture were the most commonly recorded

dental injuries. Majority (69.4%) required further treatment of their dental injuries upon review. There are no significant differences between adequacy

of treatment with types of maxillofacial injury and other associated injuries.

Conclusion: Dental injuries are common in maxillofacial trauma. In this study, most of dental injuries led to further multidisciplinary dental treatment

needs several months post-trauma regardless of the presence or absence of other injuries and the complexity of maxillofacial injuries. This may imply

insufficient early intervention of dental injuries in maxillofacial trauma cases.

Key words: Maxillofacial trauma, dental injuries, adequacy of dental treatment, other associated injuries.

P17

Genome Analysis of Streptococcus gordonii SK12

Abd Majid K1, Ibrahim IK1, Saipul Bakhry MW1, Zheng W1, Ang MY1, Jakubovics N1, Paterson IC1 , Choo SW1

Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

Objectives: Streptococcus gordonii SK12 was isolated from patient in the United Kingdom and was sequenced and de novo assembled. To gain insights

into biology, genomics, virulence and taxonomic position of SK12, it was characterised using different bioinformatics approaches.

Methods: The DNA was extracted and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq platform. The sequencing reads were pre-processed, assembled using CLC Genomic

Workbench 5.1.5 and annotated by Rapid Annotation Using Subsystem Technology pipeline. For phylogenetic analysis, 16S RNA genes and core-

genome SNPs were used to construct phylogenetic trees with MEGA5. Prophage was predicted using PHAST, whereas Genomic Islands(GIs) were

predicted using Island Viewer. To identify virulence genes, predicted genes were BLASTed against Virulence Factors Database(VFDB) using sequence

similarity approach.

Results: Assembled SK12 genome contains 27 contigs with N50 of 226,260bp. The size of assembly is 2,145,851bp and 40.63% GC content. The

genome contains 2,097 protein-coding genes and 56 RNAs. Phylogenetic analysis suggested SK12 is Streptococcus gordonii and closely related to

Streptococcus gordonii substrate Challis. 118 virulence genes and 10 GIs were found. Interestingly, one intact prophage was found, suggesting it was

recently acquired.

Conclusion: Genome sequence of Streptococcus gordonii SK12 will provide a resource for comparative analysis and functional works in future. Any

new knowledge from this work may be important for management of diseases caused by this pathogen.

Keywords: Streptococcus gordonii, assembly, annotation, phylogenetic.

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