EpilepsyEpilepsyTherapeuticsTherapeutics

--Dr. K. John Paul--Dr. K. John Paul

Brief Description on EpilepsyBrief Description on Epilepsy• A disorder characterized by excessive

hyper synchronous discharge of impulses from the cerebral neurons

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

IMBALANCE

EXCITATORY TRANSMITTORS INHIBITORY TRANSMITTORS

EPILEPSY

• CAUSES:

Idiopathic1.Increased intracranial

pressure2.Infections3.Trauma4.Cerebrovascular

disease5.Congenital

abnormalities6.Degenerations7.Anoxia8.Exogenous &

endogenous toxins

• PRECIPITATING FACTORS

o Paino Emotional disturbanceo Shocko Noise, music,

flickering lighto Sleep deprivation, o Starvationo Extreme fatigueo Premenstrual stateo Fevero Alcoholo Drugs

TONIC CLONIC

CLASSIFICATION

PARTIAL

GENERALIZED

UNCLASSIFIED

STATUSEPILEPTICUS

SECONDARY

PRIMARY

EPILEPSY

SIMPLE

COMPLEX

MOTOR

PSYCHOMOTOR

VERSIVE

SENSORY

VISUAL

CLASSICAL ABSENCE

ATYPICAL ABSENCE

• Epilepsy from suppressed Eruptions -ASTERIAS [PSOR, SULPH, AGAR]

• Epilepsies, from valvular diseases of the heart- CALC-ARS

• Epilepsy at puberty, during establishment of menstrual functions

–CAULOPHYLUM [ACTAEA]• Epilepsy, or Petit mal, after head injuries

–NATRUM SULPH• Epilepsy from worms

–INDIGO & CINA• Convulsions: acute, sudden, severe. prevail over trembling.

Epilepsy: petit or grand mal aggravated night of stone cutters

–CURARE

• Convulsions from teething in children, heat & jerks with twitches of single muscles

-ACONITE• Epileptic spasms with clenched thumbs, red face,

eyes turned downwards, pupils fixed, foaming in mouth

–AETHUSA• Epileptic spasms while awake, ceases during sleep

–AGARICUS• Convulsions in children from nursing, after a fit of

anger in mother –CHAMOMILLA. [NUX-VOM]

• Convulsions in children from nursing, after a fright in mother

– OPIUM

• Convulsions without consciousness –BELL, CIC, HYOS, OP

• Convulsions during dentition with pale face, no heat, except perhaps in occiput, no increase in temperature

–ZINC.MET• Convulsions from teething in children without fever

–MAG.PHOS• Convulsions from teething in children with fever

–BELL• Convulsions with consciousness < emotion, touch,

moving – NUX.VOM

[STRYCH]• Clonic, tonic spasms or epileptiform convulsions

from cerebral sclerosis or tumour –PLUMB

• Convulsions from dazzling or reflected light from water or mirror; from even thinking of fluids of any kind or from slightest touch or current of air

–LYSSIN• Convulsions with extreme coldness of the body,

except head or occiput which may be hot –

HELLEBORUS [ARN]• Is possibly the best remedy, but always seek

basic causes. Worms and parasites are a frequent cause; also marked endocrine imbalance and contraction in vital organs

- PILOCARPUS

WITH AURAo Kali bromo Cup meto Cup aceto Calc arso Cimico Amm

bromo Bufo ranao Nicotinumo Siliceao Ononis

WITHOUT AURAo Zinc valo Artem vulgo Oenan croco Plumb meto Aster rub

GRANDMALo Kalibromo Bufoo Merco Solanum carolo Hydrocyan

acid

PETIT MALo Artem

Vulgo Visc albo Zinc cyano Nat silo Mag silo Sil meto Kali Silo Ferrum silo Causto Phospho Cic viro Silicea

CUPRUM METALLICUMCUPRUM METALLICUM

• Aura begins at knees, ascends to hypogastrium; then unconsciousness, foaming, and falling.

• Spasmodic affections, cramps, convulsions, violent, contractive, and intermittent pain, are some of the more marked expressions of the action of Cuprum;

• Its curative range therefore includes tonic and clonic spasms, convulsions, and epileptic attacks.

• Chorea brought on by fright. • Nausea greater than in any other remedy. • Face.-Distorted, pale bluish, with blue lips.

Contraction of jaws, with foam at mouth.

SILICEA TERRASILICEA TERRA• The aura starts from the solar plexus, as in Bufo and

Nux vom.• Nocturnal epilepsy, feeling of coldness before an

attack and the fit is followed by warm perspiration• The attacks occur about the time of the new moon

Bufo ranaBufo rana• Epilepsy arising from fright, or self-abuse, or sexual

excesses• The aura starts from the genital organs, solar

plexus, even during coitus the patient may be seized with violent convulsions

• Previous to attacks, the patient is very irritable, often talks incoherently and is easily angered

Indigo• Has epileptiform convulsions from the irritation of

worms, but the patient must be low-spirited and sad• It is the bluest medicine in the Materia Medica

Cicuta virosaCicuta virosa• Sudden rigidity followed by jerks and violent distortions, and

these followed by utter prostration• Loss of consciousness, great oppression of breathing • lockjaw, face dark red, frothing at the mouth and

opisthotonos• Fixed staring eyes; others are trembling before and after the

spasm and strange feeling in the head preceding the attack.

Artemisia vulgarisArtemisia vulgaris• Convulsive diseases of childhood and girls at puberty.• Petit mal. Epilepsy without aura• After fright and other violent emotions and after

masturbation. • Several convulsions close together. Colored light produces

dizziness

ABSINTHIUMABSINTHIUM• Nervous tremors precede attacks. • Sudden and severe giddiness, delirium with

hallucinations and loss of consciousness. • Nervous excitement and sleeplessness. • Cerebral irritation, hysterical and infantile spasms

come within range of this remedy. • Poisoning by mushrooms. Nervousness, excitement,

and sleeplessness in children. Spasmodic facial twitching

OENANTHE CROCATAOENANTHE CROCATA• Epileptiform convulsions; worse, during menstruation

and pregnancy. Puerperal eclampsia; uraemic convulsions. Convulsive facial twitching.

• Countenance livid, eyes fixed, pupils dilated, convulsive twitching of facial muscles, trismus, foaming at mouth, locked jaws.

• Extremities - Convulsions; opisthotonos. Cold hands and feet. Numbness of hand and foot.

HYDROCYANICUM ACIDUMHYDROCYANICUM ACIDUM• One of the most toxic agents known. Convulsions

and paralysis express the action of this remedy. • Spasmodic constriction in larynx, feeling of

suffocation, pain and tightness in chest• Palpitation; pulse weak, irregular. • Hysterical and epileptic convulsions. Cyanosis.• Collapse, due to some pulmonary condition not a

cardiac collapse.• Catalepsy. Cholera. Stage of collapse. [Ars.;

Verat.]• Coldness. Tetanus narcolepsy.

KALI BROM• A palliative in true epilepsy• Congenital epilepsy, syphilitic, tubercular• A day or two before menses, new moon• Headache follows attack

Hyoscyamus• There is much twitching and jerking and hunger

previous to the attack• Frothing at the mouth and biting of the tongue.• The convulsions seem to have more of a

hysterical nature and there are illusions of sight and hearing

• Epilepsy from fright, sudden loss of consciousness and jerking of the head to the right, with rotary motion of the left arm

Kali cyan• Most frightful epilepsy repeated several times,

the day after an attack. Motionless (soon). Sphincters paralyzed. Lazy and sleepy, and disinclined to work, in the morning

SOLANUM CAROLINENSESOLANUM CAROLINENSE

•convulsions and epilepsy•Is of great value in grand mal of idiopathic type, where the disease has begun beyond age of childhood;•Hystero-epilepsy

EPILEPSYPilocarpus 30, Absinth. 30, Cicuta 30, Passiflora 30, Ol. Cade 30, Lobelia E. 30, Arg. N. 30, Fucus 30, K.Brom. 30, Cuprum 30. K.P. 30, M.P. 30. P. 3,P. 49, P. 59