Introduction to Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production

Introduction to Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production- Field Development Life CycleWidodo W. PurwantoEksplorasi dan Produksi Hidrokarbon (3SKS)- ENCH801037, ENCH801008

OutlineSyllabus Overview of hydrocarbon industryThe field development life cycleOverview Hydrocarbon IndustryOil and Gas Black Gold!

Politics: fuel source, main producers, supply-demand, peaks, global warming

Standard Oil Company - founded in 1870 Gulf Oil - founded 1890 Texaco - founded 1901 Royal Dutch Shell - founded 1907Anglo-Persian Oil Company - founded 190

Source: IEA, 2015HydrocarbonWithin each type of hydrocarbon, there are many types, which have implications for their environmental impact and energy contentThere is an extensive, capital-intensive energy infrastructure that explores, drills, converts and transports fossil fuels from source to consumptionThree major groups:- Coal, oil, and natural gasThree major uses-Transportation, industry, and electricity

Hydrocarbon fuels (cont)What are the unit of measures of coal, oil, and natural gas?How much of these hydrocarbon are consumed on a daily basisWhere are these resources located?What are the political implications of the location of these resources?How are they transported?

Hydrocarbon value chain

Oil value chainNatural gas value chain

UpstreamMidstreamDownstreamLNG value chain

Coal value chain

World Oil &Gas StatusOil reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios

Indonesias Hydrocarbon StatusBalance of paymentSource: BI, 2014

Oil & GasShifting roles: Oil to GasOIL PRODUCTION DOMINANTGAS PRODUCTION DOMINANTSource:skkmigasKinerja gas tahun 2012Source: skkmigasRealisasi investasi migas 2007-2012Data 21 Desember 2012Source:skkmigasRESERVOIR CONSIDERATIONSGEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONSDRILLING CONSIDERATIONSDESIGN & ENGENEERING PROD. FACEPRODUCTION FORECASTPROJECT SCHEDULEECONOMICS EVALUATIONINVESTMENT & OPERATING COST ESTIMATEOIL & GAS PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT41 VolumeEstimatesFluidCompnsWellLithologiesWellDesignsDrilling Time/CostEstimatesWellSchedulesSurfaceProductionFacilitiesStorage & ExportSystemsTimeSchedulesInvestmentProfile ProductPrices &BasesFiscalSystemsWellRatesWell No.sTypes,LocationsProductionProfileCAPEX &OPEXEstimatesEconomicIndicatorsSelectBest Development PlanDrillingFacilitiesSafety &EnvironmentAssessmentsReservoir/PetroleumEngineeringDrillingEngineeringFacilitiesEngineeringEconomicsManagementOverview of field development planningSource: skkmIgasIndonesia petroleum problemsNet oil importer countryNational oil production subsidised fuel price Limited refinery capacities, low quality gasoline, dependent import petroleum fuels >

Neraca minyak dan BBMSouce: PEUI, 2013Konsumsi 2050 - 3.5 x saat ini 2030 ~ 2 x saat iniNet ekspor/impor minyak nasionalSouce: PEUI, 2013Ketergantungan impor minyak & BBM40%saat ini 85% 2030100%2050Oil netback comparison

Ethylene, BenzenePX price1400-1600 US$/t

Domestic natural gas problemsNatural gas pricing vs. exportNatural gas export >Limited natural gas infrastructure domestic utilization is still lowStranded gas with high CO2 content

Natural gas netback values

Source: PGE, 2012

51

RESOURCES : 120.5 Billion TonRESERVES : 31.4 Billion Ton Very High (> 7.100 kal/gr)

Low (< 5.100 kal/gr) High (6.100 - 7.100 kal/gr) Medium (5.100 - 6.100 kal/gr) Source : Geology Agency, MEMR, 2013Coal resources and reservesIndonesia - Coal

Indonesia coal problemsBrowncoal reserves 60% ligniteLand use overlaping, small company, environment problems Limited infrastructure - stock filling, road, keretaCompetitive coal market, export >>

Basic types of unconventional gasCoalbed methaneShale gasNatural gas hydrateUnconventional fossil

Field Development Life CycleKey stage in E&P lifecycle

- E&P and Economic life of a field

Field life cycle

Exploration

Searching for hydrocarbon: -Objective

-Petroleum migration and accumulation

-Seismic data aquisition

-Subsurface map from logging

Reservoir Characterization-Wireline

-Objectives of Well logging

-Archie-Equation

3. Exploration Team

Phasing and expenditure of typical exploration activities

Appraisal

-Resource and reserves classification

-Resouces and reserves classification

Development

-Drilling and well planning

-Drilling system & equipments

-Rig selection

-Cassing the well

-Well completions

Production

-Well performances

-Workover activity

- Production profile

Abandonment

-Economic life of a field

85Thank you

Chart1Crude OilCrude OilCrude OilCrude Oil13013565.1625Pertamax7665.1615Premium25.465.166.45Kerosene

NetbackProcessingDistributionTaxCrude OilUS $ / Barrel

liquefaction985.131MMscfdMMscfTrain Capacity7.407MTPAVessel Capacity138,000cubic meterRegasification Terminal Capacity1.33Bcf/day385,164,000MMBtu per year3,171,101MMBtukecepatan33.34km/hr485,450,000MMBtu per year65,115ton LNGdistance4320km3.1711005BcFtravel time129.5896328294hr5.40dayUtilization Rate75%2x travel time10.80dayCAPEX300US $/TPAUtilization Rate90%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $2,222.10Million US $production capacity739.7058824MMcfdMTPAMTPAThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacity261.01Million US $ per yearNumber of Vessel2kapasitas ship3171.1005MMcf65,115ton0.75US $ per MMBtuloading time1dayCAPEX712.93Million US $Duration20yearsCAPEX180Million US $ per vesselunloading time1day83.74Million US $ per yearCost of Capital10%21.14Million US $ per vessel per year0.23US $ per MMBtuCRF0.11745962480.18US $ per MMBturound trip time12.80dayDuration20yearsDuration20yearsloading&unloading time2dayCost of Capital10%O & M27%fraction of CAPEXCost of Capital10%CRF0.117459624870.4718986959Million US$ per yearCRF0.1174596248voyages/years40.82132667190.0301178525US $ per MMBtuO & M42%fraction of CAPEXO & M4%fraction of CAPEX34.9524Million US$ per yearFuel4%fraction of input0.8457092984Million US$ per vessel per yearUS $ per MMBtu15,406,560MMBtu per year0.007227444US $ per MMBtu2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Fuel28%fraction of input30.81312Million US$ per year8US $ per MMBtu19,660,725MMBtu per year2US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158.00US $ per ton2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)138tons/day39.32145Million US$ per yearTotal Cost2.78US $ per MMBtu0.5fuel mixUS $ per MMBtuFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.83US $/literTotal Cost0.00US $ per MMBtu178.69kilo liter/day13.00days per voyage41voyages5,813,805US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.049684859US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.24US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtu

Dewi:pulang-pergiDewi:harga belum di up dateDewi:udah updateChassty:According to Henry Lee General Equation

regasifikasiRegasification Terminal Capacity1.33Bcf/day485,450,000MMBtu per yearUtilization Rate80%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $This terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityCAPEX712.93Million US $83.74Million US $ per year0.22US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M42%fraction of CAPEX34.9524Million US$ per year0.08US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input2%19,660,725MMBtu per year72817502US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)639.32145Million US$ per year436905000.09US $ per MMBtu0.09Total Cost0.39US $ per MMBtuutilisasi45%FOR MINI LNG739.7058824MMscfd128.9705882MMscfdnew capacity0.7397058824Bcfd0.1289705882Bcfd258897058.84MM Btu per year45139705.87MM Btu per yearnew CAPEX501.3828267637Million US $64.83823529Million US $58.8922386991Million US $ per year7.6158747881Million US $ per year0.2274735718US $ per MMBtu0.1687178647US $ per MMBtunew OM210.5807872408Million US $27.2320588218Million US $24.7347402536Million US $ per year3.198667411Million US $ per year0.00955389US $ per MMBtu0.0070861503US $ per MMBtunew fuel3883455.8826MMBtu per year677095.58805MMBtu per year6US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)6US $ per MMBtu (Fuel Cost)23300735.2956Million US$ per year4062573.5283Million US$ per year0.09US $ per MMBtu0.09US $ per MMBtunew total cost0.3270274618US $ per MMBtu0.265804015US $ per MMBtu

BontangBontangLiquefactionTransportation to JapanRegasificationTrain Capacity28.45MTPAHenry Lee Equation for shippingRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day1,479,400,000MMBtu per year1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearCAPEX4982.2733937046US $/TPAUtilization Rate75%$4,982Million US $distance5100km585.2159633388Million US $ per yearcost0.459US $/MMBtuAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $0.3955765603US $ per MMBtuThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CAPEX1,305.58Million US $CRF0.1174596248153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuO & M27%fraction of CAPEXDuration20years158.0083101015Million US$ per yearCost of Capital10%0.4514523146US $ per MMBtuCRF0.1174596248Fuel4%fraction of inputO & M42%fraction of CAPEX59176000MMBtu per year64.0080466947Million US$ per year10US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu$591,760,000US$ per year1.6907428571US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Total Cost2.537771732US $ per MMBtu107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtuHenry Lee Equation for shipping0.000070.102Transportation to JapanDistance5100kmShipping Cost0.459US$/MMBtuTransportation to West JavaDistance1369kmShipping Cost0.19783US$/MMBtuTransportation to East JavaDistance914kmShipping Cost0.16598US$/MMBtuRegasificationRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearUtilization Rate75%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $This terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityCAPEX1,305.58Million US $153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M42%fraction of CAPEX64.0080466947Million US$ per year0.0641356526US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtu

MK Rizky:Commited Reserve

TangguhTangguhLiquefactionTransportation to JapanRegasificationTrain Capacity8.458MTPAHenry Lee Equation for shippingRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day439,816,000MMBtu per year1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearCAPEX4982.2733937046US $/TPAUtilization Rate75%$4,982Million US $distance5100km585.2159633388Million US $ per yearcost0.459US $/MMBtuAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $1.33059271US $ per MMBtuThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CAPEX1,305.58Million US $CRF0.1174596248Well head gas1.25153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuO & M27%fraction of CAPEXDuration20years158.0083101015Million US$ per yearPie ChartCost of Capital10%0.4514523146US $ per MMBtuWell Head Gas (US$/MMBtu)1.250CRF0.1174596248Liquefaction Cost (US$/MMBtu)3.039Fuel10%fraction of inputShipping Cost (US$/MMBtu)0.459O & M42%fraction of CAPEX43981600MMBtu per yearNetback64.0080466947Million US$ per year10US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu$439,816,000US$ per year1.2566171429US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Total Cost3.0386621674US $ per MMBtu107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtuTransportation to Japan (FOB)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5100km0.45970000ton LNGtravel time102hr4.25day3.409BcF2x travel time8.5dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time10.5dayGas price6.09US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayNet Back3.05US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsTotal Cost3.04US $ per MMBtuCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day11days per voyage24voyages1618.0970357507US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000208182US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000208182US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Japan (CIF)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5100km70000ton LNGtravel time102hr4.25day3.409BcF2x travel time8.5dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayGas price6.62US $ per MMBtuunloading time1dayNet Back3.58US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vesselTotal Cost3.04US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time10.5day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu6.6US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day11days per voyage24voyages1618.0970357507US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000049443US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000049443US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Korea (FOB)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5500km70000ton LNGtravel time110hr4.5833333333day3.409BcF2x travel time9.1666666667dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayGas price7.87US $ per MMBtuunloading time1dayNet Back4.83US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time11.1666666667day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day12days per voyage24voyages1765.1967662735US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000227107US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.2500227107US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Korea (CIF)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance4342km70000ton LNGtravel time86.84hr3.6183333333day3.409BcF2x travel time7.2366666667dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayGas price7.87US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vesselNet Back4.83US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time9.2366666667day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day10days per voyage24voyages1470.997305228US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000189256US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000189256US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to West JavaRegasificationVessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hrRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day3409000MMBtudistance1800km1,330,680,500MMBtu per year70000ton LNGtravel time36hr1.5day3.409BcF2x travel time3dayUtilization Rate75%Utilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $kapasitas ship3409MMcfThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayCAPEX1,305.58Million US $Gas price6.6US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel153.35Million US $ per yearNet Back3.24US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time5day0.15US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost3.36US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%Cost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0.1174596248CRF0O & M42%fraction of CAPEXO & M4%fraction of CAPEX64.0080466947Million US$ per year0Million US$ per vessel per year0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input8.88US $ per MMBtu53,892,560MMBtu per yearFuel from boil off158US $ per ton2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)138tons/day107.7851205Million US$ per year0.5fuel mix0.108US $ per MMBtuFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/literTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtu178.6930986111kilo liter/day5days per voyage24voyages735.498652614US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000094628US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000094628US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtu

Tangguh

Estimated LNG Cost Breakdown fro East Kalimantan - Japan Delivery

GTLBase CaseCapacity

MK Rizky:Commited ReserveQatar(base case)adjusted to 50 MBPD($25M/db)startup in 2005Target0102030405060708019801985199019952000200520102015NewZealandMalaysiaSouthAfricaExxonQatarHistoricalExtrapolation1997 Poll ofExpertsRANDmodelNew Petroleum RefineriesUnit Capex ( x 000US $ / daily bbl)

oilprocessing cost6US$/barrelPertamax10000Rp/L172.0430107527US$/barrel25.8064516129Premium pSO6000Rp/L103.2258064516US$/barrel15.4838709677Kerosene2500Rp/L43.0107526882US$/barrel6.4516129032Distribusi300Rp/L5.1612903226US$/barrelPertamina Dex13500Rp/L232.2580645161US$/barrel34.8387096774crude130US$/barrelcrude lebih rendahHarga jual - processing - distribusiNetback Pertamax135.0752688172Netback Premium76.5806451613Netback Kerosene25.3978494624PertamaxPremiumKeroseneLNG - JapanPipeline - JavaGTLPrice172 US$/Barrel103 US$/Barrel43 US$/Barrel15 US$/MMBtu5,5 US$/MMBtu232 US/Barrel10000 Rp/L6000 Rp/L2500 Rp/L13500 Rp/L ekivalen DexTax25 US$/Barrel15 US$/Barrel6,45 US$/Barrel34,8US/BarrelProcessing Cost6 US$/Barrel6 US$/Barrel6 US$/Barrel0,96 US$/MMBtu0,15 US$/MMBtu21 US$/BarrelDistribution/Transportation5,16 US$/Barrel5,16 US$/Barrel5,16 US$/Barrel0,46 US$/MMBtu0,49 US$/MMBtu5,16 US$/BarrelValue135 US$/Barrel76 US$/Barrel25,4 US$/Barrel13,58 US$/MMBtu4,36 US$/MMBtu171 US$/Barrel17,1 US$/MMBtu8.584.36205.84Crude OilPertamaxPremiumKeroseneLNG - BadakPipeline - JavaMethanolGTL (FT Diesel)DMEPrice17210343155.526.323.220.35Netback1357625.413.584.3620.7320.514.31Processing6660.960.153.64.175.53Distribution5.165.165.160.460.491.970.510.5121US/barrelTax25156.4500.13125US/literprocessingCrude Oil1304.1719643992121000BTU/gallon15.38461538460.121MMBtu/gal140.54/Mmbtu0.03146MMBtu/L7manufacturing48cents/gallon28MJ/kg202 $/MMBtu0.48$/gallon0.78kg/l10010 $/MMBtu0.1248$/l21.84MJ/l1216.0340926233$/Mmbtu20682.48Btu/L5.5340926233$/MMbtu0.02068248MMBtu/L

oil00000000000000000000

NetbackProcessingDistributionTaxCrude OilUS $ / Barrel

summary000000000000000

NetbackProcessing CostDistribution/TransportationUS $ / MMBtu

Daerah asalTujuanTotal Cost US $/mmbtuSell Price US$ /mmbtuNet back US$ /mmbtuArunJepang (FOB)0.0000.00Jepang (CIF)0.0000.00Korea (FOB)0.0000.00BontangTaiwan0.0000.00Japan (FOB)0.0000.00Japan (CiF)0.0000.00985.131MMscfdTrain Capacity7.407MTPA385,164,000MMBtu per yearCAPEX300US $/TPA2,222.10Million US $261.01Million US $ per year0.75US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M27%fraction of CAPEX70.4718986959Million US$ per year0.0301178525US $ per MMBtuFuel4%fraction of input15,406,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)30.81312Million US$ per year2US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost3.03US $ per MMBtu`Train Capacity6.8MTPA353600000MMBtu per yearCAPEX284.9975952594US $/TPA1937.9836477639Million US $227.6348320817Million US $ per year0.6503852345US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M27%fraction of CAPEX61.4614046621Million US$ per year0.1756040133US $ per MMBtuFuel4%fraction of input14144000MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)28288000Million US$ per yearUS $ per MMBtu

MK Rizky:exclude distribution cost

MBD00059FAB.unknown

MBD000E4413.unknown

MBD000113CB.unknown

Chart213.580.960.464.360.150.4920.733.61.9720.54.170.5114.315.530.51

NetbackProcessingDistributionUS $ / MMBtu

liquefaction985.131MMscfdMMscfTrain Capacity7.407MTPAVessel Capacity138,000cubic meterRegasification Terminal Capacity1.33Bcf/day385,164,000MMBtu per year3,171,101MMBtukecepatan33.34km/hr485,450,000MMBtu per year65,115ton LNGdistance4320km3.1711005BcFtravel time129.5896328294hr5.40dayUtilization Rate75%2x travel time10.80dayCAPEX300US $/TPAUtilization Rate90%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $2,222.10Million US $production capacity739.7058824MMcfdMTPAMTPAThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacity261.01Million US $ per yearNumber of Vessel2kapasitas ship3171.1005MMcf65,115ton0.75US $ per MMBtuloading time1dayCAPEX712.93Million US $Duration20yearsCAPEX180Million US $ per vesselunloading time1day83.74Million US $ per yearCost of Capital10%21.14Million US $ per vessel per year0.23US $ per MMBtuCRF0.11745962480.18US $ per MMBturound trip time12.80dayDuration20yearsDuration20yearsloading&unloading time2dayCost of Capital10%O & M27%fraction of CAPEXCost of Capital10%CRF0.117459624870.4718986959Million US$ per yearCRF0.1174596248voyages/years40.82132667190.0301178525US $ per MMBtuO & M42%fraction of CAPEXO & M4%fraction of CAPEX34.9524Million US$ per yearFuel4%fraction of input0.8457092984Million US$ per vessel per yearUS $ per MMBtu15,406,560MMBtu per year0.007227444US $ per MMBtu2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Fuel28%fraction of input30.81312Million US$ per year8US $ per MMBtu19,660,725MMBtu per year2US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158.00US $ per ton2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)138tons/day39.32145Million US$ per yearTotal Cost2.78US $ per MMBtu0.5fuel mixUS $ per MMBtuFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.83US $/literTotal Cost0.00US $ per MMBtu178.69kilo liter/day13.00days per voyage41voyages5,813,805US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.049684859US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.24US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtu

Dewi:pulang-pergiDewi:harga belum di up dateDewi:udah updateChassty:According to Henry Lee General Equation

regasifikasiRegasification Terminal Capacity1.33Bcf/day485,450,000MMBtu per yearUtilization Rate80%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $This terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityCAPEX712.93Million US $83.74Million US $ per year0.22US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M42%fraction of CAPEX34.9524Million US$ per year0.08US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input2%19,660,725MMBtu per year72817502US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)639.32145Million US$ per year436905000.09US $ per MMBtu0.09Total Cost0.39US $ per MMBtuutilisasi45%FOR MINI LNG739.7058824MMscfd128.9705882MMscfdnew capacity0.7397058824Bcfd0.1289705882Bcfd258897058.84MM Btu per year45139705.87MM Btu per yearnew CAPEX501.3828267637Million US $64.83823529Million US $58.8922386991Million US $ per year7.6158747881Million US $ per year0.2274735718US $ per MMBtu0.1687178647US $ per MMBtunew OM210.5807872408Million US $27.2320588218Million US $24.7347402536Million US $ per year3.198667411Million US $ per year0.00955389US $ per MMBtu0.0070861503US $ per MMBtunew fuel3883455.8826MMBtu per year677095.58805MMBtu per year6US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)6US $ per MMBtu (Fuel Cost)23300735.2956Million US$ per year4062573.5283Million US$ per year0.09US $ per MMBtu0.09US $ per MMBtunew total cost0.3270274618US $ per MMBtu0.265804015US $ per MMBtu

BontangBontangLiquefactionTransportation to JapanRegasificationTrain Capacity28.45MTPAHenry Lee Equation for shippingRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day1,479,400,000MMBtu per year1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearCAPEX4982.2733937046US $/TPAUtilization Rate75%$4,982Million US $distance5100km585.2159633388Million US $ per yearcost0.459US $/MMBtuAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $0.3955765603US $ per MMBtuThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CAPEX1,305.58Million US $CRF0.1174596248153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuO & M27%fraction of CAPEXDuration20years158.0083101015Million US$ per yearCost of Capital10%0.4514523146US $ per MMBtuCRF0.1174596248Fuel4%fraction of inputO & M42%fraction of CAPEX59176000MMBtu per year64.0080466947Million US$ per year10US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu$591,760,000US$ per year1.6907428571US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Total Cost2.537771732US $ per MMBtu107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtuHenry Lee Equation for shipping0.000070.102Transportation to JapanDistance5100kmShipping Cost0.459US$/MMBtuTransportation to West JavaDistance1369kmShipping Cost0.19783US$/MMBtuTransportation to East JavaDistance914kmShipping Cost0.16598US$/MMBtuRegasificationRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearUtilization Rate75%As comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $This terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityCAPEX1,305.58Million US $153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M42%fraction of CAPEX64.0080466947Million US$ per year0.0641356526US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtu

MK Rizky:Commited Reserve

TangguhTangguhLiquefactionTransportation to JapanRegasificationTrain Capacity8.458MTPAHenry Lee Equation for shippingRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day439,816,000MMBtu per year1,330,680,500MMBtu per yearCAPEX4982.2733937046US $/TPAUtilization Rate75%$4,982Million US $distance5100km585.2159633388Million US $ per yearcost0.459US $/MMBtuAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $1.33059271US $ per MMBtuThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CAPEX1,305.58Million US $CRF0.1174596248Well head gas1.25153.35Million US $ per year0.15US $ per MMBtuO & M27%fraction of CAPEXDuration20years158.0083101015Million US$ per yearPie ChartCost of Capital10%0.4514523146US $ per MMBtuWell Head Gas (US$/MMBtu)1.250CRF0.1174596248Liquefaction Cost (US$/MMBtu)3.039Fuel10%fraction of inputShipping Cost (US$/MMBtu)0.459O & M42%fraction of CAPEX43981600MMBtu per yearNetback64.0080466947Million US$ per year10US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu$439,816,000US$ per year1.2566171429US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input53,892,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)Total Cost3.0386621674US $ per MMBtu107.7851205Million US$ per year0.108US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtuTransportation to Japan (FOB)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5100km0.45970000ton LNGtravel time102hr4.25day3.409BcF2x travel time8.5dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time10.5dayGas price6.09US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayNet Back3.05US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsTotal Cost3.04US $ per MMBtuCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day11days per voyage24voyages1618.0970357507US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000208182US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000208182US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Japan (CIF)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5100km70000ton LNGtravel time102hr4.25day3.409BcF2x travel time8.5dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayGas price6.62US $ per MMBtuunloading time1dayNet Back3.58US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vesselTotal Cost3.04US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time10.5day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu6.6US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day11days per voyage24voyages1618.0970357507US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000049443US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000049443US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Korea (FOB)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance5500km70000ton LNGtravel time110hr4.5833333333day3.409BcF2x travel time9.1666666667dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayGas price7.87US $ per MMBtuunloading time1dayNet Back4.83US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time11.1666666667day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day12days per voyage24voyages1765.1967662735US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000227107US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.2500227107US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to Korea (CIF)Vessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hr3409000MMBtudistance4342km70000ton LNGtravel time86.84hr3.6183333333day3.409BcF2x travel time7.2366666667dayUtilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdkapasitas ship3409MMcfNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayGas price7.87US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vesselNet Back4.83US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time9.2366666667day0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0O & M4%fraction of CAPEX0Million US$ per vessel per year0US $ per MMBtu8.88US $ per MMBtuFuel from boil off158US $ per ton138tons/day0.5fuel mixFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/liter178.6930986111kilo liter/day10days per voyage24voyages1470.997305228US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000189256US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000189256US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtuTransportation to West JavaRegasificationVessel Capacity200000cubic meterkecepatan50km/hrRegasification Terminal Capacity3.6457Bcf/day3409000MMBtudistance1800km1,330,680,500MMBtu per year70000ton LNGtravel time36hr1.5day3.409BcF2x travel time3dayUtilization Rate75%Utilization Rate95%production capacity900MMcfdAs comparison, Freeport regasification terminal proposed in the U.S is estimated at 650 - 750 million US $kapasitas ship3409MMcfThis terminal will have 2 160,000 cu m storage tank and a 1.5 Bcf/d vaporization capacityNumber of Vessel4loading time1dayunloading time1dayCAPEX1,305.58Million US $Gas price6.6US $ per MMBtuCAPEX0Million US $ per vessel153.35Million US $ per yearNet Back3.24US $ per MMBtu0Million US $ per vessel per yearround trip time5day0.15US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost3.36US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuloading&unloading time2dayDuration20yearsDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%Cost of Capital10%voyages/years23.1006160164CRF0.1174596248CRF0O & M42%fraction of CAPEXO & M4%fraction of CAPEX64.0080466947Million US$ per year0Million US$ per vessel per year0.0641356526US $ per MMBtu0US $ per MMBtuFuel28%fraction of input8.88US $ per MMBtu53,892,560MMBtu per yearFuel from boil off158US $ per ton2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)138tons/day107.7851205Million US$ per year0.5fuel mix0.108US $ per MMBtuFuel from Diesel3.14US $/gallon0.8295002409US $/literTotal Cost0.33US $ per MMBtu178.6930986111kilo liter/day5days per voyage24voyages735.498652614US $ per vessel per yearFuel0.0000094628US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost0.0000094628US $ per MMBtuUS $ per MMBtu

Tangguh

Estimated LNG Cost Breakdown fro East Kalimantan - Japan Delivery

GTLBase CaseCapacity

MK Rizky:Commited ReserveQatar(base case)adjusted to 50 MBPD($25M/db)startup in 2005Target0102030405060708019801985199019952000200520102015NewZealandMalaysiaSouthAfricaExxonQatarHistoricalExtrapolation1997 Poll ofExpertsRANDmodelNew Petroleum RefineriesUnit Capex ( x 000US $ / daily bbl)

oilprocessing cost6US$/barrelPertamax10000Rp/L172.0430107527US$/barrel25.8064516129Premium pSO6000Rp/L103.2258064516US$/barrel15.4838709677Kerosene2500Rp/L43.0107526882US$/barrel6.4516129032Distribusi300Rp/L5.1612903226US$/barrelPertamina Dex13500Rp/L232.2580645161US$/barrel34.8387096774crude130US$/barrelcrude lebih rendahHarga jual - processing - distribusiNetback Pertamax135.0752688172Netback Premium76.5806451613Netback Kerosene25.3978494624PertamaxPremiumKeroseneLNG - JapanPipeline - JavaGTLPrice172 US$/Barrel103 US$/Barrel43 US$/Barrel15 US$/MMBtu5,5 US$/MMBtu232 US/Barrel10000 Rp/L6000 Rp/L2500 Rp/L13500 Rp/L ekivalen DexTax25 US$/Barrel15 US$/Barrel6,45 US$/Barrel34,8US/BarrelProcessing Cost6 US$/Barrel6 US$/Barrel6 US$/Barrel0,96 US$/MMBtu0,15 US$/MMBtu21 US$/BarrelDistribution/Transportation5,16 US$/Barrel5,16 US$/Barrel5,16 US$/Barrel0,46 US$/MMBtu0,49 US$/MMBtu5,16 US$/BarrelValue135 US$/Barrel76 US$/Barrel25,4 US$/Barrel13,58 US$/MMBtu4,36 US$/MMBtu171 US$/Barrel17,1 US$/MMBtu8.584.36205.84Crude OilPertamaxPremiumKeroseneLNG - BadakPipeline - JavaMethanolGTL (FT Diesel)DMEPrice17210343155.526.323.220.35Netback1357625.413.584.3620.7320.514.31Processing6660.960.153.64.175.53Distribution5.165.165.160.460.491.970.510.5121US/barrelTax25156.4500.13125US/literprocessingCrude Oil1304.1719643992121000BTU/gallon15.38461538460.121MMBtu/gal140.54/Mmbtu0.03146MMBtu/L7manufacturing48cents/gallon28MJ/kg202 $/MMBtu0.48$/gallon0.78kg/l10010 $/MMBtu0.1248$/l21.84MJ/l1216.0340926233$/Mmbtu20682.48Btu/L5.5340926233$/MMbtu0.02068248MMBtu/L

oil

NetbackProcessingDistributionTaxCrude OilUS $ / Barrel

summary

NetbackProcessingDistributionUS $ / MMBtu

Daerah asalTujuanTotal Cost US $/mmbtuSell Price US$ /mmbtuNet back US$ /mmbtuArunJepang (FOB)0.0000.00Jepang (CIF)0.0000.00Korea (FOB)0.0000.00BontangTaiwan0.0000.00Japan (FOB)0.0000.00Japan (CiF)0.0000.00985.131MMscfdTrain Capacity7.407MTPA385,164,000MMBtu per yearCAPEX300US $/TPA2,222.10Million US $261.01Million US $ per year0.75US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M27%fraction of CAPEX70.4718986959Million US$ per year0.0301178525US $ per MMBtuFuel4%fraction of input15,406,560MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)30.81312Million US$ per year2US $ per MMBtuTotal Cost3.03US $ per MMBtu`Train Capacity6.8MTPA353600000MMBtu per yearCAPEX284.9975952594US $/TPA1937.9836477639Million US $227.6348320817Million US $ per year0.6503852345US $ per MMBtuDuration20yearsCost of Capital10%CRF0.1174596248O & M27%fraction of CAPEX61.4614046621Million US$ per year0.1756040133US $ per MMBtuFuel4%fraction of input14144000MMBtu per year2US $/MMBtu (Fuel Cost)28288000Million US$ per yearUS $ per MMBtu

MK Rizky:exclude distribution cost

MBD00059FAB.unknown

MBD000E4413.unknown

MBD000113CB.unknown