environmental pollution status assessment of water and soil in langfang city

1
92 CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMISTRY Vol. 25 (Suppl.) 2006 Biosorption of rhenium from industrial effluents by a new strain of Bacillus sp. GT-83: New biosorbent for biotechnology applications Saeid Ghorbanzadeh Mashkani, Parisa Tajer Mohammad Ghazvini Department o f Nuclear Biotechnology, Nuclear Research Center,Atomic Energy Organization of lran, North Karegar St., Tehran, 1ran, P O. Box: 11365-3486 Bioremediation of industrial effluents containing heavy metals has been demonstrated in recent years. In contrast to other metals, the recover of oxyanions particularly rhenium via biosorption by microorganisms has not been investigated yet and there is no significant information about the mechanisms of uptake and the effects of various environmental parameters in the biosorption of rhenium from aqueous systems. Rhenium is a rare and precious element which has been used mainly in oil refinery industries and high temperature alloy production. Because of the valuable role of rhenium in various fields, the recovery of it from industrial effluents is so important. On the other hand, the recovery of rhenium from solutions by physical and chemical procedures is very costly and uneffective, beside they are not environment friendly either. Attempt was made to isolate bacterial strains capable of removing rhenium biologically. Thirty-eight water samples were collected from various areas of Anzali lagoon, Iran, and 100 bacterial strains were isolated when the samples were cultured in media. Among others, only one strain showed maximum absorption capacity (82%). It was tentatively called GT-83 strain. Identified as Bacillus sp. GT-83 according to Bergey, s Manual of systematic bacteriology and morphological and biochemical properties. Rhenium uptake was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy. Maximum uptake of rhenium was obtained at pH=2.5. Rhenium taken up by Bacillus sp. GT-83 increased with increasing concentration of rhenium. Uptake of rhenium within 15 minutes of incubation was relatively rapid and the absorption continued slowly there after. When sodium azide and 2, 4-dinitrophenol were used as metabolism inhibitors, it was evident that 65% of rhenium was absorbed by metabolism independent and 35% by metabolism dependent. When the ceils were treated by heat, rhenium uptake decreased by 15%. Rhenium uptake increased with increasing biomass of dry weight of the cells (70% at 15 mg biomass; 100% at 25 mg biomass). Temperature ranging 20--45 ~ did not show any significant change in the uptake. As shown, the new strain of Bacillus sp. GT-83 offers an efficient, inexpensive and feasible method for removing rhenium from industrial effluents. Key words Anzali lagoon; Bacillus sp. GT-83; biosorption and bioremediation; oxyanion; rhenium Environmental pollution status assessment of water and soil in Langfang City Jinzhong GONG, Shujuan SHI, Sichao JIN, Jinsheng WANG Hebei Academy of Geophysical Exploration, Langfang 065000, China Through systematic sampling and analysis of water and soil in the planning area of Langfang City, employing national environmental quality standards, the qualities of groundwater and surface-water was overall evaluated. On the whole, the quality of deep-level groundwater was better and hazardous substances were not superstandard, F is higher, Fe and Mg was superstandard in several sites. The quality of shallow groundwater was general worse and COD, Fe, Mn, NH4+-N, F, total hardness, total dissolved solids etc. overstep drinking water standard; the quality of surface water was worst and many indices were evidently higher, which was very worst in the east of downtown. Main pollution way of water body was lixiviation type of primary pollution groundwater and infiltration type of secondary pollution groundwater. Environmental quality assessment of plough layer soil indicated that it was better in the northwest and worse in the southeast, furthermore from Xiwu, Daguanzhang, Zhougezhuang to Pengzhuang, Dazhaolin and the north of Jingshan railroad, the environmental quality is worst. The pollution is of close correlation with the production of industry and agriculture, emission or effluent of waste gas, wastewater and waste solid on daily life. Key words environmental pollution; water body; soil; origin and mechanism; the planning area of Langfang City Enrichment of Cd and Pb and associations with grain size in sediments in Nanjing alluvial island of Yangtze River Hongrui MA 1'2 Yuqian MAO 1, Junfeng JI 1, Qiling LIAO l, Shunsheng HUANG 1 1Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nan)ing 210093, China 2 Geological Survey o f Jiangsu Province, Nanfing 210018, China

Upload: jinzhong-gong

Post on 10-Jul-2016

214 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Environmental pollution status assessment of water and soil in Langfang City

92 CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMISTRY Vol. 25 (Suppl.) 2006

Biosorption of rhenium from industrial effluents by a new strain of Bacillus sp. GT-83: New biosorbent for biotechnology applications

Saeid Ghorbanzadeh Mashkani, Parisa Tajer Mohammad Ghazvini Department of Nuclear Biotechnology, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Organization of lran, North Karegar St., Tehran, 1ran, P O. Box: 11365-3486

Bioremediation of industrial effluents containing heavy metals has been demonstrated in recent years. In contrast to other metals, the recover of oxyanions particularly rhenium via biosorption by microorganisms has not been investigated yet and there is no significant information about the mechanisms of uptake and the effects of various environmental parameters in the biosorption of rhenium from aqueous systems. Rhenium is a rare and precious element which has been used mainly in oil refinery industries and high temperature alloy production. Because of the valuable role of rhenium in various fields, the recovery of it from industrial effluents is so important. On the other hand, the recovery of rhenium from solutions by physical and chemical procedures is very costly and uneffective, beside they are not environment friendly either. Attempt was made to isolate bacterial strains capable of removing rhenium biologically. Thirty-eight water samples were collected from various areas of Anzali lagoon, Iran, and 100 bacterial strains were isolated when the samples were cultured in media. Among others, only one strain showed maximum absorption capacity (82%). It was tentatively called GT-83 strain. Identified as Bacillus sp. GT-83 according to Bergey, s Manual of systematic bacteriology and morphological and biochemical properties. Rhenium uptake was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy. Maximum uptake of rhenium was obtained at pH=2.5. Rhenium taken up by Bacillus sp. GT-83 increased with increasing concentration of rhenium. Uptake of rhenium within 15 minutes of incubation was relatively rapid and the absorption continued slowly there after. When sodium azide and 2, 4-dinitrophenol were used as metabolism inhibitors, it was evident that 65% of rhenium was absorbed by metabolism independent and 35% by metabolism dependent. When the ceils were treated by heat, rhenium uptake decreased by 15%. Rhenium uptake increased with increasing biomass of dry weight of the cells (70% at 15 mg biomass; 100% at 25 mg biomass). Temperature ranging 20--45 ~ did not show any significant change in the uptake. As shown, the new strain of Bacillus sp. GT-83 offers an efficient, inexpensive and feasible method for removing rhenium from industrial effluents.

Key words Anzali lagoon; Bacillus sp. GT-83; biosorption and bioremediation; oxyanion; rhenium

Environmental pollution status assessment of water and soil in Langfang City

Jinzhong G O N G , Shujuan SHI, Sichao JIN, Jinsheng W A N G Hebei Academy of Geophysical Exploration, Langfang 065000, China

Through systematic sampling and analysis of water and soil in the planning area of Langfang City, employing national environmental quality standards, the qualities of groundwater and surface-water was overall evaluated. On the whole, the quality of deep-level groundwater was better and hazardous substances were not superstandard, F is higher, Fe and Mg was superstandard in several sites. The quality of shallow groundwater was general worse and COD, Fe, Mn, NH4+-N, F, total hardness, total dissolved solids etc. overstep drinking water standard; the quality of surface water was worst and many indices were evidently higher, which was very worst in the east of downtown. Main pollution way of water body was lixiviation type of primary pollution groundwater and infiltration type of secondary pollution groundwater. Environmental quality assessment of plough layer soil indicated that it was better in the northwest and worse in the southeast, furthermore from Xiwu, Daguanzhang, Zhougezhuang to Pengzhuang, Dazhaolin and the north of Jingshan railroad, the environmental quality is worst. The pollution is of close correlation with the production of industry and agriculture, emission or effluent of waste gas, wastewater and waste solid on daily life.

Key words environmental pollution; water body; soil; origin and mechanism; the planning area of Langfang City

Enrichment of Cd and Pb and associations with grain size in sediments in Nanjing alluvial island of Yangtze River

Hongrui MA 1'2 Yuqian MAO 1, Junfeng JI 1, Qiling L I A O l, Shunsheng H U A N G 1 1Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nan)ing 210093, China

2 Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanfing 210018, China