ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNINGPLANNING

TOPICS TOPICS 1.1. Environmental philosophies Environmental philosophies The old paradigmThe old paradigm The new paradigm (sustainable The new paradigm (sustainable

development) development)

2.2. Environmental law Environmental law

3.3. Environmental planning practice Environmental planning practice Travel cost method Travel cost method Surrogate methods Surrogate methods Contingency valuation methodsContingency valuation methods Environmental impact statementEnvironmental impact statement

Environmental philosophies

CONSERVATIVERADICAL

TECHNOCENTRISTS ECOCENTRISTS

Cornucopians Accommodators Soft technologists Deep environmentalist

•Developers•Construction •Industry •Citizen (propertyRights coalitions•Politicians (right)

•Planners•Government officials•Politicians (moderate & left) •Citizens (suburban) •Environment Consultants

•Environmental lobby •Green Peace •Sierra Club

Environmental Policy Environmental Policy

Source: ICMA, 2000

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ENVIRONMENTAL LAW

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (1969)

AIR WATER WASTENATURENATURAL

RESOURCESSAFETY

LAND USE & ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING

Travel Cost Method: Valuing Travel Cost Method: Valuing Parks Parks

# Visits

Distance/Travel cost

Parkfee

Park revenue

Consumer Surplus

Contingent Valuation Method: The Contingent Valuation Method: The Value of Clean Water Value of Clean Water

Contingent Valuation MethodContingent Valuation Method

Contingent Valuation MethodContingent Valuation Method

Contingent Valuation MethodContingent Valuation Method

Economic benefits of Economic benefits of Environmental ProjectEnvironmental Project

Revenue

Price

HH connections

$ without

$ with

Marginal ConsumerSurplus (benefit)

Before After

Surrogate Prices of Environmental Surrogate Prices of Environmental GoodsGoods

Surrogate price for a nice Surrogate price for a nice view view

distlsizesqfeet bXbXbXaP

The parameter estimated for distance can be used as proxy to valueThe nice view of a residence.

ECO. DEV. TRADE OFF GAMEECO. DEV. TRADE OFF GAME

Mountain preservationMountain preservation

Nice mountain viewNice mountain view

Community characterCommunity character

Clean Air Clean Air

Clean waterClean water

Open spaceOpen space

Farm land Farm land

Which aspect wouldn’t you trade for eco. development?

Environmental Impact Environmental Impact Assessment:Assessment:

The Leopold Matrix The Leopold Matrix PROJECT ACTIONS

Design Site preparation Construction Monitoring

ENVIRONMENT

Biotic

Abiotic

Social

Physical

The EIS methodology The EIS methodology

1.1. Check list of impacts (positive Check list of impacts (positive negative) negative)

2.2. Measuring magnitude (1-10): How Measuring magnitude (1-10): How much impact the project will have much impact the project will have in the environment. in the environment.

3.3. Measuring importance (1-10): Local Measuring importance (1-10): Local vs. regional; reversible vs. vs. regional; reversible vs. irreversible, etc. irreversible, etc.