environmental planning. evolution of planning planning as design (1850-1950) planning as regulation...
DESCRIPTION
Approaches to Management Reactive Whack-a-Mole Proactive Environment-first. Taking measures to protect and enhance the environment Participatory Early consideration of natural and social factorsTRANSCRIPT
Environmental Planning
Evolution of Planning
Planning as Design (1850-1950)Planning as regulation 1925 –Planning as Applied Science 1940 –Planning as Politics 1965 –Planning as Communication 1975 –Planning as Collaboration 1990 –Planning as Integration of Policy, Science,
Collaboration, Design 2000 -
Approaches to Management
Reactive Whack-a-Mole
Proactive Environment-first. Taking measures to protect and enhance the
environment
Participatory Early consideration of natural and social factors
Approaches to the Process
Rational-comprehensive Five (basic) steps of a scientific method
Objectives
Gathering Information
Specifying Alternatives
Analyzing Impacts
Evaluation
Approaches to the Process
Incrementalism Lindblom’s “Muddling Through”
Rational approach unrealistic and unworkable
Baby Steps
Approaches to the Process
Participatory Bringing stakeholders into the process
Advocacy Recognizing that some stakeholders have access to
the process only in theory
Mobilization and representation needed
Interdisciplinary Considerations
EngineeringEconomicsPoliticsParticipatoryLaw
Environmental Economics
Cost-benefit Equity Risk / Uncertainty Present Value of Money or Resources
Recognizes that the nominal value of something in the future is less than what it is today
Utility The usefulness of a thing or an activity. Individual utility, social utility
Environmental Economics
Value Existence value
Value of resource merely because it exists among us
Bequest value Value to future generations
Insurance value Value to the future of unknown benefits
Environmental Law (common law)
Common Law (case law and custom, not statutes) Use of Nuisance Doctrine Use of Public Trust Doctrine
Nuisance Non-physical trespass Involving Negative Externalities Private vs Public
Environmental Law (common law)
Public Trust Doctrine Ancient doctrine Sovereign as trustee of commonly held resources
Tidelands Navigable waterways Air resources
Environmental Law (property law)
Constitutional Law
Private property (individual rights)
Eminent Domain (public powers)
Police Powers (public control over privately held property)
Role of Planner
TechnicianFacilitatorRegulatorNegotiatorPolitical advisorDesigner/VisionaryAdvocate
Evaluation
Partial evaluation (see spreadsheet)Comprehensive evaluation
Criteria Physical & biological feasibility Economic efficiency Distributional equity Social and cultural acceptability Administrative feasibility
Evaluation (cont)
Decision rules (for comprehensive eval) Maximize one criteria Meet minimum levels of all criteria Maximize one, meet minimum of all other Rank criteria and maximize from high to low Weight each criterion & use sum of weighted factors Matrix approach (very subjective)