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ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATION REPORT

SHELL CANADA LIMITED

SHELBURNE BASIN 3D SEISMIC SURVEY

18th May – 31st August 2013

i Environmental Observation Report Shelburne Basin 3D Seismic Survey Offshore Nova Scotia

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 Project Details ................................................................................................................ 2

1.2 Sea State and Visibility ................................................................................................... 4

2 Mitigative and Monitoring Requirements ............................................................................... 5

2.1 Safety Zone .................................................................................................................... 5

2.2 Pre-ramp up Search and Ramp up (soft start) ............................................................... 6

2.3 Shutdowns ...................................................................................................................... 7

2.4 Passive Acoustic Monitoring ........................................................................................... 8

3 Marine Mammal Observer Program ...................................................................................... 9

3.1 MMO Staffing and Responsibilities ................................................................................. 9

3.2 Marine Mammal Observation Methods ......................................................................... 10

3.3 Marine Mammal Observations ...................................................................................... 11

3.3.1 Overview of Observations ..................................................................................... 11

3.3.2 Cetacean: Delphinidae .......................................................................................... 14

3.3.3 Cetaceans: Excluding Delphinidae ........................................................................ 21

3.3.4 Turtles ................................................................................................................... 28

4 Passive Acoustic Monitoring Observations .......................................................................... 30

5 Mitigating Action .................................................................................................................. 33

5.1.1 Ramp Up Delays and Shutdowns ......................................................................... 33

5.1.2 Observations Reportable to MARS ....................................................................... 36

6 Bird Sightings ....................................................................................................................... 37

6.1 Bird Observations ......................................................................................................... 37

6.2 Stranded and Dead Birds ............................................................................................. 44

7 Species at Risk .................................................................................................................... 45

8 Fishing Activity ..................................................................................................................... 47

9 References .......................................................................................................................... 48

ii Environmental Observation Report Shelburne Basin 3D Seismic Survey Offshore Nova Scotia

List of Figures

Figure 1. Location of the Shelburne Basin 3D Seismic Survey Project Details ............................ 1 Figure 2. 3D WAZ Configuration (Sourced from LGL 2012) ......................................................... 2 Figure 3. Northeast Section of Survey Area ................................................................................. 3 Figure 4. Sea Conditions .............................................................................................................. 4 Figure 5. Procedural Flowchart for Pre-ramp up Search and Ramp Up ....................................... 6 Figure 6. Procedural Flowchart for Unplanned Stop or Break ...................................................... 7 Figure 7. Sightings of All Marine Animals ................................................................................... 13 Figure 8. Sightings of All Delphinidae Species ........................................................................... 15 Figure 9. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- May June ..................................................... 18 Figure 10. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- July ............................................................ 19 Figure 11. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- August ....................................................... 20 Figure 12. All Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted (by Species) ............................................ 22 Figure 13. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- May June ...................... 25 Figure 14. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- July ............................... 26 Figure 15. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- August .......................... 27 Figure 16. Sea Turtle Sightings .................................................................................................. 29 Figure 17. Acoustic Detections of Delphinidae ........................................................................... 31 Figure 18. Acoustic Detections of Cetaceans (excluding Delphinidae) ...................................... 32 Figure 19. Location of Delays and Shutdowns ........................................................................... 34 Figure 20. Bird Sightings Recorded During the Survey .............................................................. 39 Figure 21. Bird Sightings Recorded During May-June ................................................................ 41 Figure 22. Bird Sightings Recorded in July ................................................................................. 42 Figure 23. Bird Sightings Recorded in August ............................................................................ 43 Figure 24. SARA Species Sightings ........................................................................................... 46

iii Environmental Observation Report Shelburne Basin 3D Seismic Survey Offshore Nova Scotia

List of Tables

Table 1. Seismic Source Array Specifications ............................................................................. 3 Table 2. Number of Marine Mammal Observers (including PAM Operator) by Vessel ............... 10 Table 3. Overall Visual Sightings of all Species .......................................................................... 12 Table 4. Visual Sightings of Delphinidae by Vessel .................................................................... 16 Table 5. Visual Sightings of Delphinidae by Month ..................................................................... 17 Table 6. Visual Sightings of Cetaceans (excluding Delpinidae) by Vessel ................................. 23 Table 7. Visual Sightings of Cetaceans (excluding Delpinidae) by Month .................................. 24 Table 8. Sightings of Sea Turtles ................................................................................................ 28 Table 9. Summary of All Acoustic Detection ............................................................................... 30 Table 10. Summary of Delayed Ramp Up .................................................................................. 33 Table 11. Summary of Shutdowns during Ramp Up ................................................................... 35 Table 12. Summary of Full Power Shutdowns during Seismic Operations ................................ 35 Table 13. Bird Species Sighted ................................................................................................... 38 Table 14. Bird Species Sighted by Month ................................................................................... 40 Table 15. List of SARA Species Encountered ............................................................................ 45 Table 16. FLO contacts ............................................................................................................... 47

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2 Environmental Observation Report Shelburne Basin 3D Seismic Survey Offshore Nova Scotia

1.1 PROJECT DETAILS Based on the identified geological complexity of the survey area, the Project was conducted utilizing a wide azimuth (WAZ) configuration. This seismic acquisition method involves the use of multiple seismic vessels sailing as a fleet and allows for the collection of higher quality of seismic data than that collected utilizing a one vessel narrow azimuth (NAZ) survey configuration. The specific WAZ configuration chosen to support the Project utilized four seismic vessels, all towing airgun arrays with the two outside vessels also towing streamers (Figure 2). Each of the streamer vessels was equipped with 12 streamers (8 km in length) separated by 100m. Though each vessel is equipped with a seismic source, these sources are activated sequentially (one at a time) across the vessels as opposed to simultaneously.

Figure 2. 3D WAZ Configuration (Sourced from LGL 2012)

The two outside streamer vessels were the Western Geco (WG) Magellan and WG Cook and the two inside source vessels were the Geco Tau and Ocean Odyssey. A third source vessel (Western Pride) was brought on to the Project in July to allow for crew changes to occur in port, while still allowing for operations to continue (i.e. one source vessel would return to port while two others remained online for operations).


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1.2 SEA STATE AND VISIBILITY The sea conditions during the survey were slight to moderate for nearly 80% of the survey (Figure 4). Foggy conditions were not uncommon during the survey period and, while such conditions do not typically prevent seismic operations, it did hamper marine mammal observation which then relied on Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM). The greatest risk in terms of ocean conditions during the Project arose on June 8th when the remnants of tropical storm Andrea tracked over the survey area. Operations were halted as the fleet prepared to ride out the storm.

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2 MITIGATIVE AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS An environmental assessment (EA) was completed in support of the Geophysical Work Authorization (GWA) sought from the Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board for the Project and to satisfy requirements under 142(1) (b) of the Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Resources Accord Implementation Act. In association with the EA, Shell committed to the implementation of mitigation and monitoring measures to reduce any potential environmental effects of the Project. As part of the Project mitigations, Shell committed to standards outlined in the Statement of Canadian Practice with Respect to the Mitigation of Seismic Sound in the Marine Environment (the Statement), which specifies the minimum standards and measures that must be followed while planning and conducting marine seismic surveys. These requirements apply in all non-ice covered marine waters in Canada, including the Project Area. Where determined to be appropriate, additional mitigation measures were included and implemented as part of the Project in order to further reduce any potential environmental effects. The key mitigation measures and monitoring commitments implemented during the Project are summarized in the subsections below. 2.1 SAFETY ZONE The Safety Zone is a circular area of given radius, measured from the centre of the air source array. The established safety zone is monitored by the Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs) during seismic surveying activities (pre-ramp up search, ramp up, seismic acquisition, and source array testing) and appropriate mitigation measures are applied, as necessary, when marine mammals or sea turtles are observed/ detected within the established zone. For the Project, two safety zones were established and monitored for each vessel (i.e. source array). A 1000 m safety zone was established, based on conservative estimates of the range within which the source sound levels would be greater than 180 dB, for all Schedule 1 SARA species, all baleen whale species, and sea turtle species. Schedule 1 SARA species for which this safety zone applied included:

Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus)

North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis)

Northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus)

Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus)

Sowerby’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens)

Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)

In addition to the 1000m safety zone, a 500 m safety zone was established for all other marine mammals. The safety zone(s) were visually monitored by MMO during daytime and good visibility conditions. PAM was utilized to monitor the safety zones during periods of poor visibility (fog, night, inclement weather) when the safety zone could not be visually monitored. The safety zone monitored by the PAM system was determined in the field to ensure that it extended beyond 1000 m to compensate for the system’s range accuracy.


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As a precautionary measure, when a Schedule 1 marine mammal, baleen whale, sperm whale or sea turtle was observed to be on a course that would result in it entering the associated shutdown safety zone, a precautionary shutdown of the respective airgun array was implemented. The seismic crew maintained constant communication with both the visual MMOs and the PAM operators with regards to seismic activities. This communication ensured that required mitigation measures, (e.g. shutdowns) were conducted in a timely manner. 2.4 PASSIVE ACOUSTIC MONITORING PAM systems were installed on all five seismic vessels to detect marine mammals during periods of poor visibility (e.g., darkness, fog) and during the pre-ramp up watch. MMOs were tasked with monitoring the PAM systems during periods of poor visibility and ramp up and identifying the appropriate mitigation in the event that a marine mammal was acoustically detected.


3 MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVER PROGRAM MMOs were responsible for implementing all the associated mitigation measures and maintaining visual watch during all daylight hours. In addition to visual monitoring, PAM was utilized during night time operations as well as other periods of reduced visibility, and during the 30 minute pre-watch and ramp up. The marine mammal observer program provided:

the basis for real-time mitigation; data on the occurrence, distribution, and activities of marine mammals in the areas

where the survey program was conducted; information to compare the sighting rates, distances, distributions, behaviour, and

movements of marine mammals relative to the survey vessels at times with and without air source activity;

management of collision risk by alerting the marine crew in the unlikely event of a potential marine mammal vessel strike,

employment and capacity building for local residents; and records of daily marine mammal and seabird observations.

Junior MMOs were provided training in advance of the Project commencement to ensure that mitigation commitments and associated protocols were understood and appropriately implemented. Training included the following:

Marine Mammal Observer training (by RPS trainer Ross Compton; two days) Seabird Observer Training (by Fulton Lavender; one day) Marine First Aid Training (from St. John Ambulance; two days) Marine Emergency Duties (A1) (SSTL; three days) Offshore Helicopter Safety Training (SSTL; one day) Behaviour-based Safety Training (by Stu McLea of Peerless Marine Surveyors; one day) WHMIS (St. John’s Ambulance, online) Shell online courses

3.1 MMO STAFFING AND RESPONSIBILITIES There were three to four marine mammal and seabird observers (MMO) on each vessel inclusive of one senior MMO/PAM operator for the duration of the survey. The key responsibilities of MMOs were as follows:

Implement MMO protocols established for the Project; Conduct systematic seabird surveys in accordance with Eastern Canada Seabirds at

Sea (ECSAS) Standardized Protocol for Pelagic Seabird Surveys from Moving and Stationary Platforms (Gjerdrum et al. 2012).

Perform daily searches of vessels for stranded birds and implement appropriate protocol for any stranded birds found

Two to three MMOs per vessel were tasked with visual monitoring during all daylight hours when the air source array was active and during any pre-ramp watch. A separate observer was


tasked with PAM during ramp up watch and during periods of poor visibility (i.e., the full safety zone could not be seen). MMOs worked a maximum shift of 12 hours per day with visual watches not exceeding eight hours per day. Additionally, individual watches were not to exceed four hours. Crew changes occurred approximately every five weeks, with a total of three rotations (Table 2). Prior to crew change, the senior MMO/PAM operators provided handover notes to the on-signing senior MMO/PAM operators to aid in the transition.

Table 2. Number of Marine Mammal Observers (including PAM Operator) by Vessel WG

Magellan WG Cook Tau Ocean

Odyssey Western Pride

Rotation A 4 4 3 3 n/a Rotation B 4 4 3 3 3 Rotation C 3 3 3 3 3 3.2 MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVATION METHODS Following any period of silence exceeding 20 minutes, MMOs visually scanned the safety zone 30 minutes prior to the gradual ramp up of the source array. Additionally, MMOs maintained continuous observation of the safety zone(s) during all source array activity. Observation methods varied between vessels due to their individual designs. Observations on the WG Cook and WG Magellan (the outside streamer vessels) were done from the bridge, which offered a 360° viewing platform. Observations made on the inside source vessels, the Western Pride, Ocean Odyssey, and Geco Tau, were done from the bridge and helideck, as neither provided a full 360° viewing platform. MMOs conducted long distance scans for marine mammals with binoculars, in addition to conducting continuous scans without binoculars. Sea surface cues used by the observers to detect animals included the following:

Surface blows from cetacean species; Splashes (often the initial cue for small cetaceans); Breaching of cetacean species; Sightings of backs, flukes and dorsal fins; Underwater shapes or coloured patches; Feeding seabird flocks (often associated with feeding cetaceans);

The distance of any sighting from the vessel was estimated using reticle binoculars to measure the vertical angle of the line of sight to the animal relative to the horizon. Relative distances between vessels, as well as between vessels and their respective air source arrays, were also used to estimate distances. Forms created by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) were used for collection of visual marine mammal sighting data. Data sheets provided by the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) were used for seabird surveys and to record data on any stranded seabirds. All marine mammal and seabird observation data were later recorded into an electronic database (i.e. Checkpoint). It should be noted that although MMOs and PAM operators endeavoured to ensure accuracy in sighting data, some transcription errors may have occurred.


3.3 MARINE MAMMAL OBSERVATIONS 3.3.1 Overview of Observations In considering the collected observation detailed in the following sections, it is important to note that sightings are tabulated across all seismic vessels. Even in a traditional narrow azimuth, two-dimensional survey, involving one seismic vessel, it is impossible to say whether animals sighted are being recorded multiple times during the course of the survey. As a result, due to there being four seismic vessels collecting observation data at any one time during the Project, duplicated sightings are very likely. The total number of visual sightings collected for the duration of the Project was 340 (Table 3). There were 3056 animals recorded as being sighted (Table 3). In order to more appropriately illustrate the large amount of observational information collected during the Project, cetacean sightings have been divided into two categories: Delphinidae and Other Cetaceans (excluding Delphinidae). Additionally, sightings data and maps have been presented by month (May/June [there was only a week of May where observations were being made so that data has been included in the June data], July, and August) to help illustrate changes in frequency related to time of year. Sea turtles have also been presented separately.


Table 3. Overall Visual Sightings of all Species

Species Total Number

Sightings Total Number

Animals

Airguns On Off On Off

Atlantic spotted dolphin 0 1 0 4

Atlantic white-sided dolphin 4 2 43 13

Common bottlenose dolphin 1 2 12 45

Fin whale 14 7 17 15

Harbour porpoise 2 1 2 60

Humpback whale 3 4 3 4

Orca (Killer Whale) 0 1 0 2

Leatherback sea turtle 0 1 0 1

Loggerhead sea turtle 4 14 4 15

Long-beaked common dolphin 3 5 53 53

Long-finned pilot whale 35 25 337 311

Minke whale 2 3 2 3

Risso's dolphin 3 5 35 25

Sei whale 1 0 1 0

Short-beaked common dolphin 29 38 418 521

Sperm whale 32 12 75 17

Striped dolphin 5 5 245 145

Unidentifiable baleen whale 7 7 9 7

Unidentifiable beaked whale 0 1 0 1

Unidentifiable cetacean 8 5 10 5

Unidentifiable dolphin 20 18 288 188

Unidentifiable sea turtle 1 2 1 2

Unidentifiable shark 1 1 1 1

Unidentifiable toothed whale 0 1 0 1

White-beaked dolphin 2 2 20 41

TOTAL 177 163 1576 1480


Figure 7. Sightings of All Marine Animals


3.3.2 Cetacean: Delphinidae Due to the large number of sightings, Cetaceans are broken out into the following categories: Dephinidae and Cetaceans excluding Delphidae. This section refers to observations of cetaceans in the Delphinidae family only and includes the following species:

Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) Atlantic white sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncates) Long beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis) Short beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) Striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) White-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus) Orca (Killer Whale) (Orca Orcinus) Long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas)

The locations of all Delphinidae sightings are shown in Figure 8. The total number of sightings and animals by vessel are reported in Table 4.


Figure 8. Sightings of All Delphinidae Species

*Those outside the Project Area were observed in transit


Table 4. Visual Sightings of Delphinidae by Vessel

Species WG Magellan WG Cook Ocean Odyssey Geco Tau Western Pride

Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings AnimalsAtlantic spotted dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0

Atlantic white-sided dolphin 2 10 0 0 4 46 0 0 0 0

Common bottlenose dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 45 1 12

Orca 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0

Long-beaked common dolphin 0 0 0 0 6 92 2 14 0 0

Long-finned pilot whale 14 131 10 118 16 146 18 232 2 21

Short-beaked common dolphin 17 281 15 285 11 137 22 226 2 10

Risso's dolphin 0 0 0 0 2 30 6 30 0 0

Striped dolphin 0 0 0 0 2 85 8 305 0 0

Unidentifiable dolphin 11 127 5 138 11 90 5 37 6 84

White-beaked dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 61 0 0

TOTAL 44 549 30 541 52 626 69 956 11 127


The total number of sightings, divided by month, is shown in Table 5. These data are plotted in Figure 9 to Figure 11. Delphinidae accounted for 2799, (approximately 90%), of the 3056 animals spotted during this project. The majority of these sightings were of long-finned pilot whales (67 sightings; 648 individuals).

Table 5. Visual Sightings of Delphinidae by Month

May-June July August

Species Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Atlantic spotted dolphin 0 0 1 4 0 0Atlantic white-sided dolphin 5 44 0 0 1 12Common bottlenose dolphin 1 20 2 37 0 0Orca 0 0 1 2 0 0Long-beaked common dolphin 6 92 2 14 0 0Long-finned pilot whale 42 409 11 173 7 66Risso's dolphin 2 15 4 32 2 13Short-beaked common dolphin 42 437 12 179 13 323Striped dolphin 0 0 6 180 4 210Unidentifiable dolphin 5 32 13 57 20 387White-beaked dolphin 4 61 0 0 0 0TOTAL 107 1110 52 678 47 1011

A single sighting of two Orcas was reported by the Geco Tau in July (Figure 10). Short-beaked common dolphins and long-finned pilot whales were the most frequently sighted species in May-June. Risso’s and Atlantic white-sided dolphins were seen in similar number of sightings across all months.


Figure 9. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- May June


Figure 10. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- July


Figure 11. Delphinidae Sighted During the Survey- August


3.3.3 Cetaceans: Excluding Delphinidae This section covers cetaceans that do not belong to the Delphinidae family (see section 3.3.2). Observations in this section include the following marine mammal species:

Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) Minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus)

Sightings of all Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) by Species are plotted in Figure 12. The sightings by vessel, and total number of animals, are tabulated in Table 6. These totals are separated by month in Table 7 and illustrated in Figure 13 to Figure 15. The only sightings of Harbour Porpoises occurred in May-June (Figure 13 and Table 7). Although Humpback and Sperm whales were sighted throughout the project, the majority of sightings occurred in July (Figure 14 and Table 7). The only Sei whale was sighted in July (Figure 14).


Figure 12. All Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted (by Species)

*Those outside the Project Area were observed in transit


Table 6. Visual Sightings of Cetaceans (excluding Delpinidae) by Vessel


Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings AnimalsFin whale 7 10 1 1 6 14 6 6 1 1

Harbour porpoise 0 0 2 61 0 0 1 1 0 0

Humpback whale 0 0 2 2 2 2 3 3 0 0

Minke whale 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 1 1

Sei whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Sperm whale 5 15 12 26 8 13 12 27 7 11

Unidentifiable baleen whale 6 8 1 1 3 3 4 4 0 0

Unidentifiable beaked whale 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Unidentifiable cetacean 5 7 4 4 3 3 1 1 0 0

Unidentifiable toothed whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

TOTAL 23 40 24 97 25 38 29 44 9 13


Table 7. Visual Sightings of Cetaceans (excluding Delpinidae) by Month May-June July August

Species Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals

Fin whale 10 13 3 3 8 16

Harbour porpoise 3 62 0 0 0 0

Humpback whale 2 2 5 5 1 1

Minke whale 0 0 4 4 1 1

Sei whale 0 0 1 1 0 0

Sperm whale 10 26 27 58 7 8 Unidentifiable baleen whale

4 5 7 7 3 4

Unidentifiable beaked whale

0 0 1 1 0 0

Unidentifiable cetacean

4 4 8 9 1 2

Unidentifiable toothed whale

0 0 1 1 0 0

TOTAL 33 112 57 89 21 32


Figure 13. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- May June


Figure 14. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- July


Figure 15. Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) Sighted During the Survey- August


3.3.4 Turtles There were 22 sightings of turtles during the 2013 survey. Only one of these was a leatherback turtle. There were 18 sightings of loggerhead turtles (19 loggerhead turtles) leading to three shutdowns. Three sightings of sea turtles were unable to be distinguished by species.

Table 8. Sightings of Sea Turtles

Species Total Number


Animals Airguns On Off On Off Leatherback sea turtle 0 1 0 1 Loggerhead sea turtle 4 14 4 15 Unidentifiable sea turtle 1 2 1 2


Figure 16. Sea Turtle Sightings


4 PASSIVE ACOUSTIC MONITORING OBSERVATIONS All vessels were equipped with a PAM system manufactured by Seiche Measurements Ltd. consisting of a towed hydrophone system. The broad-bandwidth hydrophones, along with a depth sensor array, were contained in a 20 m section of cable deployed approximately 250 m behind each vessel. PAM was used to monitor for vocalizing marine mammals within and near the safety zone in order to allow for continuous monitoring of seismic acquisition during periods of darkness and low visibility, or during periods when the sea state impeded visual monitoring. It was used for all ramp ups and during all periods when the safety zone was not fully visible. PAM operators monitored both high- and low-frequency systems on separate laptops using Pamguard software. Lead MMOs onboard all vessels were experienced in the use of PAM systems and trained junior and intermediate MMOs to ensure that monitoring commitments were met during extended periods of poor visibility. The JNCC forms were used for manual acoustic marine mammal monitoring data collection. Additionally, recordings and screen shots were taken whenever possible. All acoustic marine mammal data was also recorded electronically into the Checkpoint database (Table 9).

Table 9. Summary of All Acoustic Detection

Species Total Number Detections*

Airguns On Off

Long-finned pilot whale 6 5

Short-beaked common dolphin 1 2

Sperm whale 5 8

Unidentifiable beaked whale 1 3

Unidentifiable cetacean 2 4

Unidentifiable dolphin 59 42

TOTAL 74 64*Total number of animals unknown.

As a result of PAM systems recording on all vessels, the same individuals may have been recorded more than once.

There were ten delayed ramp ups due to acoustic detections. Three shutdowns were ordered due to acoustic detections, without visual confirmation. See sections 5.1.1.


Figure 17. Acoustic Detections of Delphinidae


Figure 18. Acoustic Detections of Cetaceans (excluding Delphinidae)


5 MITIGATING ACTION 5.1.1 Ramp Up Delays and Shutdowns Pre-ramp up watches were conducted over a minimum of 30 minutes. There were 16 delayed ramp ups (Table 10) due to detection of marine mammals and sea turtles during the pre-ramp up watches (Figure 19).

Table 10. Summary of Delayed Ramp Up

Date Species Vessel

16/06/2013 Unidentifiable dolphin WG Cook

21/06/2013 Long-finned pilot whale WG Magellan

25/06/2013 Unidentifiable baleen whale Ocean Odyssey

07/07/2013 Short-beaked common dolphin Geco Tau

11/07/2013 Unidentifiable beaked whale Geco Tau

13/07/2013 Unidentifiable dolphin WG Magellan


17/07/2013 Sperm whale Western Pride

31/07/2013 Sperm whale WG Cook

01/08/2013 Sperm whale Geco Tau

08/08/2013 Long-finned pilot whale Ocean Odyssey


17/08/2013 Unidentifiable dolphin Ocean Odyssey

18/08/2013 Risso's dolphin Geco Tau




Figure 19. Location of Delays and Shutdowns


There were eight shutdowns for marine mammals and sea turtles during ramp up (Table 11) and 14 full power shutdowns during seismic operations (Table 12).

Table 11. Summary of Shutdowns during Ramp Up

Date Species Vessel

03/06/2013 Long-finned pilot whale WG Cook

19/06/2013 Short-beaked common dolphin Geco Tau

11/07/2013 Unidentifiable baleen whale WG Magellan

14/07/2013 Short-beaked common dolphin Ocean Odyssey

26/07/2013 Loggerhead sea turtle Ocean Odyssey

01/08/2013 Unidentifiable cetacean WG Magellan

15/08/2013 Unidentifiable dolphin Western Pride


Table 12. Summary of Full Power Shutdowns during Seismic Operations

Date Species Vessel

04/06/2013 Fin whale WG Magellan

04/06/2013 Fin whale Ocean Odyssey


25/06/2013 Sperm whale Ocean Odyssey

05/07/2013 Unidentifiable beaked whale Geco Tau

10/07/2013 Sei whale Geco Tau

14/07/2013 Sperm whale WG Magellan

14/07/2013 Sperm whale Western Pride


21/07/2013 Loggerhead sea turtle WG Cook

21/07/2013 Minke whale Ocean Odyssey

21/07/2013 Minke whale Western Pride

25/07/2013 Unidentifiable baleen whale WG Magellan

12/08/2013 Loggerhead sea turtle Geco Tau


5.1.2 Observations Reportable to MARS In additional to mitigation measures and operational protocols made in association with the Project EA, MMOs were also directed to report any sightings of injured and dead marine mammals to the Marine Animal Response Society (MARS). MARS, formerly known as the Nova Scotia Stranding Network, is a charitable organization that is involved in marine mammal rescue, education, and research. In the event an injured or dead marine mammal was observed, information regarding the location, species, and nature of the observation were to be reported to MARS. In association with the Project, two separate marine observations were reported to MARS and have been included below:

On 7th July, 2013, the Ocean Odyssey reported sighting three distinct pods of striped dolphins. The first pod was active at the surface, initially thought to be feeding. As the vessel approached more closely, the pod appeared to be attempting to keep a dead or injured dolphin at the surface. On 16th July 2013, the Ocean Odyssey, WG Cook, and Western Pride reported the observation of a dead sperm whale. The deceased whale passed between the WG Cook and Ocean Odyssey coming close to the starboard streamer buoys of the WG Cook. The individual whale was drifting on its side and had evident signs of decomposition and sun bleaching.


6 BIRD SIGHTINGS Seabird observations were undertaken by the MMOs onboard the five seismic vessels. Observations were conducted on opportunistic five-minute watches a minimum of three times per day. Observation methodology between vessels varied. In some cases, observers, due to the infrequency of bird sightings, recorded birds that were seen at any point throughout the day without carrying out specific watches. 6.1 BIRD OBSERVATIONS Table 13 provides a list and enumeration of the species sighted which are displayed in Figure 20. Table 14 and Figure 21 to Figure 23 show the sightings separated by month. A number of sightings did not have accompanying positioning data recorded, therefore, these sighting have been included in Table 13 and Table 14, but are not shown in Figure 20 through Figure 23. The majority of seabird sightings were of shearwaters and storm petrels. There were also three roseate terns (SARA Schedule 1) observed by the MMOs on the WG Magellan, but no mitigation was required as the source was not firing. There were also a few sightings of birds, generally associated with land, flying near or on the seismic vessels while conducting the operations. These bird sightings included a cliff swallow, an unknown swallow, an unknown sparrow, a Ruby-throated hummingbird, and a yellow warbler.


Table 13. Bird Species Sighted

Species Name Total Number


Birds

Arctic tern 1 1

Black Legged Kittiwake 2 2

Common murre 18 50

Common tern 1 1

Cory's shearwater 4 4

Double-crested cormorant 1 1

Glaucous gull 2 2

Great black-backed gull 1 1

Great shearwater 131 247

Great skua 1 1

Herring gull 6 10

Laughing gull 1 1

Leach's storm petrel 24 27

Manx shearwater 3 3

Northern fulmar 3 4

Northern gannet 16 19

Parasitic jaeger 2 2

Pomarine jaeger 1 1

Roseate tern 1 3

Semipalmated sandpiper 1 100

Sooty shearwater 8 9

Southpolar skua 1 1

Spotted sandpiper 1 1

Unknown bird 6 7

Unknown cormorant 1 1

Unknown gull 5 5

Unknown murre 6 9

Unknown shearwater 19 27

Unknown storm petrel 46 53

Unknown tern 5 5

Wilson's storm petrel 30 42

Other land-based birds 5 5

TOTAL 353 645


Figure 20. Bird Sightings Recorded During the Survey


Table 14. Bird Species Sighted by Month

Species May & June 2013 July 2013 August 2013

Sightings Birds Sightings Birds Sightings Birds

Arctic tern 1 1 0 0 0 0

Black Legged Kittiwake 1 1 0 0 1 1

Common murre 8 19 0 0 10 31

Common tern 0 0 0 0 1 1

Cory's shearwater 1 1 1 1 3 3

Double-crested cormorant 0 0 0 0 1 1

Glaucous gull 0 0 1 1 1 1

Great black-backed gull 1 1 0 0 0 0

Great shearwater 36 115 50 61 45 71

Great skua 0 0 0 0 1 1

Herring gull 2 5 1 1 3 4

Laughing gull 1 1 0 0 0 0

Leach's storm petrel 1 1 11 14 12 12

Manx shearwater 0 0 3 3 0 0

Northern fulmar 0 0 2 3 1 1

Northern gannet 4 5 5 6 7 8

Parasitic jaeger 0 0 2 2 0 0

Pomarine jaeger 1 1 0 0 0 0

Roseate tern 1 3 0 0 0 0

Semipalmated sandpiper 0 0 0 0 1 100

Sooty shearwater 3 4 2 2 3 3

Southpolar skua 0 0 0 0 1 1

Spotted sandpiper 0 0 1 1 0 0

Unknown bird 2 3 3 3 1 1

Unknown cormorant 1 1 0 0 0 0

Unknown gull 0 0 4 4 1 1

Unknown murre 2 2 0 0 4 7

Unknown shearwater 5 9 13 17 1 1

Unknown storm petrel 1 1 37 44 8 8

Unknown tern 1 1 3 3 1 1

Wilson's storm petrel 4 4 8 17 18 21

Other land-based birds 1 1 1 1 3 3

TOTAL 78 180 148 184 128 282


Figure 21. Bird Sightings Recorded During May-June


Figure 22. Bird Sightings Recorded in July


Figure 23. Bird Sightings Recorded in August


6.2 STRANDED AND DEAD BIRDS Shell obtained a Migratory Bird Handling Permit from the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) in April for the purposes of handling, release, and disposal of any stranded or dead seabirds encountered during the survey. MMOs conducted daily searches (minimum of 2) of the individual vessels for any stranded or dead birds. Additionally, any incidental findings by crewmembers were reported to the MMOs to ensure that the appropriate handling procedures were followed. Procedures outlined in The Leach's Storm-Petrel: General information and handling instructions (Williams and Chardine, n.d.) and developed by CWS were used for the purposes of handling and release of any stranded seabirds. Over the course of the Project, there were two deceased birds reported on the WG Magellan. The first was an unidentified storm petrel discovered on 31st May 2013. The bird was disposed of at sea after being reported to the MMOs onboard. The second deceased bird on the WG Magellan was unidentified and found on top of the cable trays of the gun deck on 11th July, 2013. It was disposed of without the knowledge of the MMOs onboard. The incident was reported by WesternGeco on 13th July 2013. One stranded unidentified storm petrel was found wet and alive on the WG Cook on 11th June 2013. The bird was stunned from hitting a glass pane on deck and was put in a box to recover overnight. The storm petrel was released on the following day by the MMOs. As a follow up commitment as part of the CWS migratory bird permit, a follow up report was provided to CWS on 25th October 2013 that included this information on the stranded and dead birds.


7 SPECIES AT RISK There were 22 sightings of Schedule 1 Species at Risk. Twenty-one of these sightings were of Fin whales (Table 15 and Figure 24).

Table 15. List of SARA Species Encountered Vessel Date Species

Ocean Odyssey 04/06/2013 Fin whale

WG Magellan 04/06/2013 Fin whale




WG Cook 21/06/2013 Fin whale


Geco Tau 25/06/2013 Fin whale







Western Pride 08/08/2013 Leatherback sea turtle


Western Pride 09/08/2013 Fin whale





WG Magellan 27/08/2013 Fin whale A Roseate tern sighting (three individuals) was reported but the coordinates were not recorded.


Figure 24. SARA Species Sightings


8 FISHING ACTIVITY Fisheries Liaison Officers were employed on the two streamer vessels (WG Magellan and WG Cook) for the duration of the seismic survey. No significant fisheries interactions took place. There was communication with various fishing vessels which achieved the desired outcome of coordinating seismic and fishing activity. .

Table 16. FLO contacts Vessel May June July Aug Sep

Magellan 0 3 2 1 0Cook 0 3 5 3 0Total 0 6 7 4 0

The vast majority of the fishing vessels were transitioning through the area and appreciated being advised of the proximal seismic activity. No fishing operations were disrupted and no active fishing gear was encountered over the course of seismic activities. From, 19th June until the week of the 10th July, vessels were seen transiting to and from fishing area to the south. Details of the FLO interactions were detailed in daily reports and a report under a separate cover.


9 REFERENCES

Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2007). Statement of Canadian Practice with respect to the Mitigation of Seismic Sound in the Marine Environment. 5p. Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2007). Statement of Canadian Practice with respect to the Mitigation of Seismic Sound in the Marine Environment Background Paper, 9p. Gjerdrum, C., D.A. Fifield, and S.I. Wilhelm. 2012. Eastern Canada Seabirds at Sea (ECSAS) standardized protocol for pelagic seabird surveys from moving and stationary platforms. Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report Series No. 515. Atlantic Region. vi + 37 pp. LGL Limited. 2013. Environmental assessment of Shell Canada Ltd.’s Shelburne Basin 3-D Seismic Survey. LGL Rep. SA1175. Rep. by LGL Limited, St. John’s, NL and Mahone Bay, NS, for Shell Canada Limited, Calgary, AB. 127p + appendices Williams, U. and Chardine, J. The Leach's Storm-Petrel: General information and handling instructions.


Appendix A.

Sightings by Vessel


Delphinidae Species WG Magellan WG Cook Ocean Odyssey Geco Tau

Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings AnimalsAtlantic spotted dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Atlantic white-sided dolphin 2 10 0 0 3 34 0 0

Common bottlenose dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 20

Orca 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Long-beaked common dolphin 0 0 0 0 6 92 0 0

Long-finned pilot whale 7 83 9 98 12 81 14 147

Risso's dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 15

Short-beaked common dolphin 10 146 10 81 5 52 17 158

Striped dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unidentifiable dolphin 2 17 1 3 1 2 1 10

White-beaked dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 61

TOTAL 21 256 20 182 27 261 39 411

*Note: the Western Pride is not included as it did not join the project until July. Visual Sightings of Delphinidae in May- June


Delphinidae





Orca 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0



Risso's dolphin 0 0 0 0 2 30 2 2 0 0


Striped dolphin 0 0 0 0 2 85 4 95 0 0



TOTAL 10 78 6 74 14 232 21 282 1 12

Visual Sightings of Delphinidae in July


Delphinidae





Orca 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0



Risso's dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 13 0 0


Striped dolphin 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 210 0 0



TOTAL 13 215 4 285 11 133 9 263 10 115

Visual Sightings of Delphinidae in August


Cetaceans

Species WG Magellan WG Cook Ocean Odyssey Geco Tau

Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings Animals Sightings AnimalsFin whale 4 7 1 1 4 4 1 1

Harbour porpoise 0 0 2 61 0 0 1 1

Humpback whale 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

Minke whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sei whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sperm whale 1 3 4 12 1 2 4 9

Unidentifiable baleen whale 1 2 0 0 2 2 1 1

Unidentifiable beaked whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unidentifiable cetacean 2 2 0 0 2 2 0 0

Unidentifiable toothed whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 8 14 7 74 10 11 8 13

Sightings of Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) in May- June


Cetaceans




Humpback whale 0 0 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0

Minke whale 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1

Sei whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Sperm whale 4 12 5 11 6 10 6 15 6 10





TOTAL 9 18 13 19 13 17 15 24 7 11

Sightings of Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) in July


Cetaceans




Humpback whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Minke whale 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sei whale 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sperm whale 0 0 3 3 1 1 2 3 1 1





TOTAL 6 8 4 4 3 11 6 7 2 2

Sightings of Cetaceans (excl. Delphinidae) in August


BIRDS: MAY & JUNE 2013

Species WG Magellan WG Cook Ocean Odyssey Geco Tau

Sightings Birds Sightings Birds Sightings Birds Sightings

Birds

Arctic tern 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Black Legged Kittiwake 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Common murre 0 0 0 0 8 19 0 0

Common tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cory's shearwater 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Double-crested cormorant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Glaucous gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Great black-backed gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Great shearwater 13 71 2 2 13 31 8 11

Great skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Herring gull 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Laughing gull 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Leach's storm petrel 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Manx shearwater 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Northern fulmar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Northern gannet 1 1 1 1 2 3 0 0

Parasitic jaeger 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pomarine jaeger 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Roseate tern 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

Semipalmated sandpiper 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sooty shearwater 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 1

Southpolar skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Spotted sandpiper 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown bird 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 0

Unknown cormorant 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown murre 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0

Unknown shearwater 1 1 2 2 2 6 0 0

Unknown storm petrel 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Unknown tern 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wilson's storm petrel 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2

Other land-based birds 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 22 86 8 8 33 68 15 18


BIRDS: JULY 2013


Sightings Birds Sighting Birds Sightings Birds Sightings Birds Sighting Birds

Arctic tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Black Legged Kittiwake

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Common murre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Common tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cory's shearwater 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Double-crested cormorant

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Glaucous gull 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Great black-backed gull

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Great shearwater 1 1 12 18 20 24 3 4 14 14

Great skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Herring gull 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Laughing gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Leach's storm petrel 1 1 0 0 10 13 0 0 0 0

Manx shearwater 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Northern fulmar 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Northern gannet 2 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0

Parasitic jaeger 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Pomarine jaeger 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Roseate tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Semipalmated sandpiper

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sooty shearwater 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Southpolar skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Spotted sandpiper 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown bird 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown cormorant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown gull 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown murre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown shearwater 7 8 5 8 0 0 1 1 0 0

Unknown storm petrel

19 19 0 0 16 23 2 2 0 0

Unknown tern 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

Wilson's storm petrel 2 2 2 9 4 6 0 0 0 0

Other land-based birds

0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

TOTAL 47 49 24 41 54 70 6 7 17 17


BIRDS: AUGUST 2013


Sightings Birds Sighting Birds Sightings Birds Sightings Birds Sighting Birds

Arctic tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Black Legged Kittiwake

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Common murre 0 0 0 0 10 31 0 0 0 0

Common tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Cory's shearwater 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Double-crested cormorant

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Glaucous gull 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

Great black-backed gull

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Great shearwater 18 29 3 3 9 20 6 8 9 11

Great skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Herring gull 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Laughing gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Leach's storm petrel 2 2 0 0 0 0 10 10 0 0

Manx shearwater 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Northern fulmar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Northern gannet 5 6 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Parasitic jaeger 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pomarine jaeger 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Roseate tern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Semipalmated sandpiper

1 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sooty shearwater 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

Southpolar skua 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0

Spotted sandpiper 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown bird 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown cormorant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unknown gull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Unknown murre 0 0 0 0 4 7 0 0 0 0

Unknown shearwater 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Unknown storm petrel

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7

Unknown tern 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wilson's storm petrel 5 6 1 1 0 0 10 12 2 2

Other land-based birds

1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

TOTAL 41 154 6 6 25 60 30 34 25 27

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