environment and pollution

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ENVIORNMENT AND POLLUTION

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pollution in environment

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Page 1: Environment and pollution

ENVIORNMENTAND

POLLUTION

Page 2: Environment and pollution

CONTENTS• Environment• Ecosystem• Pollution• Impacts of pollution• Types of pollution• Air pollution• Soil pollution• Water pollution

Page 3: Environment and pollution

Environment• The term environment refers to all the

components of the earth such as land, water and air, all living and non-living organisms and interactions among them.

Page 4: Environment and pollution

Ecosystem• An ecosystem is all the living and nonliving

things in a certain area. All the plants and animals, even the microorganisms that live in the soil, are living parts of an ecosystem. Air, water, and rocks are nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

• Ecosystems are smaller parts of all the living environments on Earth. Earth’s entire living environment is called the biosphere.

Page 5: Environment and pollution

Pollution• Pollution, contamination of Earth’s

environment with materials that interfere with human health, the quality of life, or the natural functioning of ecosystems . Although some environmental pollution is a result of natural causes such as volcanic eruptions, most is caused by human activities.

Page 6: Environment and pollution

Impacts of pollution• Pollution can kill or sicken plants, animals, and

people. Pollution can change the environment. Things that cause pollution are called pollutants.

• Pollution can get into the air. Air pollution can irritate people’s lungs. Polluted air can mix with rain to make acid rain. Acid rain kills trees and harms fish in lakes.

• Pollution can also get into soil and water. From there, pollutants can get into the food chain. Plants take in the pollution from the ground. Animals that eat the plants can be harmed, too. Bigger animals and even people might eat the damaged animals.

Page 7: Environment and pollution

Types of pollution• Pollution is basically categorized into three

types that are:• Air pollution• Soil pollution• Water pollution

Page 8: Environment and pollution

Air pollution• Air pollution is the contamination of air by

the pollutants which comes from factories and power plants that burn coal and oil. Smoke from factories and power plants can mix with water in the air to make acid rain. Air pollution also comes from cars and other vehicles that burn gasoline.

Page 9: Environment and pollution

Contd…• Urban air pollution is

commonly known as smog. • A smoky mixture of carbon

monoxide and organic compounds from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, and sulphur dioxide from impurities in the fuels. As the smog ages and reacts with oxygen, organic and sulphuric acids condense as droplets, increasing the haze results smoke.

Page 10: Environment and pollution

Greenhouse gas• Many scientists think that pollution is

changing Earth’s climate. They think the change is coming from gases in the air called greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide and other gases trap heat from the Sun. They trap heat the way glass walls and ceilings in greenhouses trap heat. It stays warm inside a greenhouse even when it is cold outside.

Page 11: Environment and pollution

Its effect• Greenhouse gases in the air make Earth warm enough for

life. • But scientists think that people are putting too much carbon

dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air.• These extra greenhouse gases come from burning coal and

oil in factories and power plants.• They come from burning gasoline in cars. Too much of them

will make Earth warmer.• This warming could cause disastrous changes on the planet.

Page 12: Environment and pollution

Soil pollution• The pollutants which

contaminate the soil come from chemicals used on farms to kill insects and other pests. Pollutants can also seep from garbage dumps into the nearby soil and water.

• Unhealthy soil management methods have seriously degraded soil quality, caused soil pollution, and enhanced erosion.

Page 13: Environment and pollution

Soil erosion• Why is river water sometimes brown? The water

turns brown when it’s full of mud. A brown river is an example of erosion in action. Flowing water carries away, or erodes, tiny bits of dirt and rock from the ground it passes over. Erosion moves rock and dirt from place to place. Earth’s surface can be greatly changed by erosion. Over tremendously long periods of time, erosion can carry whole mountains into the sea!

• Erosion can cause by water, wind, or ice.

Page 14: Environment and pollution

Contd…• Erosion cause by water: Rainwater runs down hillsides and carries

dirt with it. Over time, flowing water can carry away so much rock and dirt that it cuts into the ground and forms a channel.

• Erosion cause by wind:Wind is the main cause of erosion in deserts. There are few plants to hold the dry dirt in place. Wind blows away loose sand and dry dirt.

• Erosion cause by ice:Glaciers are huge sheets of ice. Glaciers move slowly across the land. Ice underneath the glacier picks up and carries away sand, dirt, and pebbles. The sand, dirt, and pebbles grind away more rock as the glacier moves.

Page 15: Environment and pollution

Water pollution• The pollutants which contaminate the

water comes from factories that dump poisonous chemicals into lakes and rivers. Water pollution can also come from farms. Farmers put chemicals on the ground to help crops grow and to kill insects. Rain can wash these chemicals into lakes and rivers.

Page 16: Environment and pollution

Contd…

• Sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides are the main causes of water pollution

• In developing nations, more than 95 percent of urban sewage is discharged untreated into rivers and bays, creating a major human health hazard.

Page 17: Environment and pollution

MADE BY:NIHARIKA S PANDE