enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

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A presentation on ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABLE ISSUES for tall building Presented by : 130108-TAHMINA KHANAM 130109-SYED MOHAMMAD TAMZID 130111-RAFIQUZZAMAN MUNNA 130113-SYED MEHEDI HASAN 130136-TAHIA TASNIA KHULNA UNIVERSITY, KHULNA ARCHITECTURE, BANGLADESH 3 RD YEAR 2 ND TERM

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Page 1: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

A presentation on

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABLE ISSUESfor tall building

Presented by : 130108-TAHMINA KHANAM

130109-SYED MOHAMMAD TAMZID130111-RAFIQUZZAMAN MUNNA

130113-SYED MEHEDI HASAN 130136-TAHIA TASNIAKHULNA UNIVERSITY, KHULNA

ARCHITECTURE,BANGLADESH3RD YEAR 2ND TERM

Page 2: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

CONTENTSINTRODUCTION

GREEN ARCHITECTURE: CHARACTERISTICSSUSTAINABLE BUILDING FEATURESADVANTAGE OF GREEN BUILDING VS. CONVENTIONAL BUILDINGS EXAMPLE

BIOCLIMATIC ISSUES: RELATIONSHIP WITH TALL BUILDINGSEXAMPLES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY: IMPORTANCEDIFFERENT WAY TO MAKE A BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENTNATURAL SOURCEREUSEENERGY EFFICIENT DEVICEEXAMPLES

CUTTING EDGE: WINDOW COATINGCULTIVATED FAÇADEOPERABLE FAÇADEPRE CAST CONSTRUCTION

LEED & SEED: CERTIFICATION CRITERIAEXAMPLES

Page 3: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

SUSTAINABLE:• able to be maintained at a

certain rate or level.• able to be upheld or

defended.

ENVIRONMENT:• The surroundings or

conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

Environmental and sustainable

issues(Broad topic)

GREEN ARCHITECTURE

In architecture

LEED & SEED

Certi

ficat

ion

Green building

Bio climatic factors

Energy efficiency issues

Cutting edge

Topi

cs

Page 4: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

GREEN ARCHITECTURE

Green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human health and the environment

What is a green building?Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) refers to both a structure and the using of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition.

• Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources• Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity• Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation

Page 5: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

CHARACTERISTICS

• Ventilation system are designed for efficient heating and cooling.

• Energy efficient light and appliances• Water saving plumbing fixtures.• Non synthetic, non toxic materials.• Adoptive re-use of old buildings.• Alternate power source like solar and wind

power.• Roof garden• Waste water recycling & Rain water harvesting.• But the main goal of green building is to be fully

sustainable

Wind turbine

Solar thermal panelRoof garden

Water re-use

Operable windowDay light sensors Rain water

harvesting

Plumbing fixture

Page 6: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

SUSTAINABLE BUILDING FEATURES

• Natural ventilation.• Solar power generation.• Waste water recycling for cooling tower.• Rain water harvesting.• Geo thermal technology for heat rejection of AC

system.• Design inside temperature 26 deg c.

Page 7: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

ADVANTAGE OF GREEN BUILDING VS. CONVENTIONAL BUILDINGS

•Cost savings(first cost saving; ongoing operating expense reductions)

•Minimize impact on environment

•Enhanced health and productivity of occupants

•Community and social benefits other owner benefits

Page 8: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Example of sustainable high-riseBOSCO VERTICALE•Bosco Verticale is a pair of residential towers in Milan, Italy•absorb CO2 and dust particles, producing oxygen and protect the building from radiation and acoustic pollution.•moderate temperatures in the winter and summer.•attenuate noise•The steel-reinforced concrete balconies are designed to be 28 cm thick, with 1.30 metre parapets•the vegetation is the equivalent of that found in a one hectare woodlot

Page 9: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

RELATIONSHIP WITH TALL BUILDINGS The skyscrapers erected do not compete with global implementations in the unfolding race of

height and their prestige is decided by, among other things, bioclimatic solutions. One of the key issues in the design of a tall, bioclimatic building, is the proper structuring, as well as the technical and technological solution of the elevation. The desired goals are: to maximize access to daylight and use of natural ventilation heating

and cooling, to minimize heat gain or loss and to prevent glare

Archi tec ture that has a con nec tion to Nature. Build ing designs that take into account cli mate and environmen tal con di tions to help achieve optimal ther mal com fort inside. It deals with design and architec tural ele ments, avoid ing complete depen dence on mechan i cal sys tems, which are regarded as support. 

BIOCLIMATIC ISSUES/ BIOCLIMATIC ARCHITECTURE

Page 10: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

PRINCIPLES:

• The consideration of the weather, hydrography and ecosystems of the environment

• The efficacy and moderation in the use of construction materials, giving priority to low energy content compared to high energy.

• The reduction of energy consumption for heating, cooling, lighting and equipment, covering the remainder of the claim with renewable energy sources.

• The minimization of the building overall energy balance, covering the design, construction, use and end of its life.

• The fulfillment of requirements of hygro-thermal comfort, safety, lighting and occupancy of buildings.

Page 11: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Examples:Education Executive Agency and Tax Offices

The object was formed with the use of a parametric methods in a way to obtain optimal exposure to sun rays of the interiors

Enable natural ventilation through windows.

A smooth, bionic form was shaped as a result of the aerodynamic analysis, the aim of which was to minimize turbulence around the building

The facade which combines all the necessary features of a bioclimatic “skin” using a relatively simple technology

The characteristic elements of the elevation are horizontal ribs, surrounding the building at the ceiling level.

Page 12: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

What is energy efficiency?Using less energy to accomplish the same amount of work. Getting the most work per unit of energy is often described as a measure of energy intensity.Common metrics for buildings and neighborhoods include energy use per square foot and use per capita.

Page 13: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Why is this important for buildings? Studies have repeatedly shown that efficient buildings and

appropriate land use offer opportunities to save money while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Though estimates regarding the remaining quantity of these resources vary, it is clear that the current reliance on nonrenewable energy sources is not sustainable and involves increasingly destructive extraction processes, uncertain supplies, escalating market prices, and national security vulnerability. Accounting for approximately 40% of the total energy used today, buildings are significant contributors to these problems.

Page 14: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

The psychological benefits :- using natural lighting sources,

including making a home or office more comfortable, increasing worker productivity, or making a retail store more appealing to customers.

A study by the Rocky Mountain Institute showed that in efficient buildings, labor productivity rises by 6-16% due to the office being quieter, more comfortable, and with better air and lighting.

Page 15: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Different way to make a building ENERGY EFFICIENT :-

a. Using NATURAL source of energy.

b. Reuse of ENERGY.c. Energy efficient (mechanical) devices.

Page 16: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Solar PowerThe sun is the most reliable, renewable and clean energy source we have, so it’s amazing to me that more people don’t use solar power. Not only can you use PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN to heat and cool your house more efficiently, but you can generate your own heat and electricity using photovoltaic.

Chicago’s Willis Tower to Become a Vertical Solar Farm

a. Use of NATURAL source:-

Page 17: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Rain water HARVESTMENT Rainwater harvesting is a

technique used for collecting, storing, and using rainwater for landscape irrigation and other uses.

With rainwater harvesting your rainwater is collected in a water storage tank or cistern and stored for later use.

The Best Way To Reduce Water Use In High-Rise Buildings

Rain Collector Skyscraper

Page 18: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

GeothermalOften people have the idea that GEOTHARMAL ENERGY, can only be harnessed in geologically active regions of the world such as Iceland, Italy and California. We can drill down into the earth, can

heat up water, creating a clean, efficient energy source for heating and cooling your home, completely bypassing the whole need for boilers, furnaces and all that jazz..

In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency proclaimed geothermal heat pumps – aka “ground-source heat pumps” – to be the most energy-efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-effective residential heating system available.

Page 19: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Wind PowerThe idea is simple: rotating turbine blades gather kinetic energy from the wind, spinning an internal shaft that generates power. This process is incredibly clean, producing zero emissions.Wind power is blowing up right now. According to the Earth Policy Institute, “Wind is the world’s fastest-growing energy source with an average annual growth rate of 29 percent over the last ten years.”

Page 20: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment is a process used to convert wastewater- which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use - into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused.

b. REUSE of energy:-

GP house, basundhara

DHAKA

Page 21: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

1.  Let the sun shine. 2. take advantage of daylight. 3. Consider a fresh coat of light-colored paint and replace

those depressing yellowed ceiling tiles. It will improve daylight and make your people feel better about coming to work.

4. Take control. Lighting and HVAC controls. Install

light switches with built-in occupancy and/or daylight sensors in every room. Buy task lights so you don't have to turn on those stadium lights just to work quietly at dusk.

c. Use of ENERGY efficient device:-

Some steps to make building ENERGY EFFICIENT,

Page 22: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

c. Use of ENERGY efficient device:- 5.  use of ENERGY SAVING DEVICES; like energy saving light 7.  Retrofit windows. We can now apply practically clear retrofit films to existing windows and

achieve nearly 50 percent heat rejection -- both keeping it in and out, depending on the season. 8.  Seal ducts. Recent studies indicate that leaking ductwork is one of the primary construction defects

in both commercial, with common repercussions resulting in 10-25 percent leakage in commercial buildings.

Page 23: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

The tower's entire facade will be replaced with an animated LED façade.

improved indoor comfort and additional day lighting .

and got a stellar green renovation and a high performance office tower.

EXAMPLE: Hanwha Headquarters in Seoul

Page 24: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

CUTTING EDGE

Cutting edge is an adjective used to describe the newest, most advanced version of a product or service. In architecture new product and system are used rapidly now a days. This whole new thing is address as cutting edge.

In architecture the newest technologies which is used in designing can be defined as cutting edge. There are various types of cutting edge technology.

•Air condition•Wind turbine•Window coating•Sensor system•Operable façade•Healthy material•Cultivated façade •Precast constructions etc…

Page 25: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• Double glazing.• Adding layers means additional thickness and weight.• Thinner krypton gas filled cavities, vacuum glazing units, closed cavity facades, and

heat reflecting films.• Heat mirror films is a Solar Responsive Thermo chromic (SRT) adaptive glazing film

which uses the sun’s energy to cause the tinting of the window, naturally controlling room temperatures.

• Air-conditioning system is almost always defined by the glazed area and while dark tinted windows and reflective coatings are used to reduce the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of windows.

Frames:• Window frames are a common source of thermal bridging. Particularly in commercial

applications where better thermal dampener variations such as timber and vinyl frames are not applicable to use and aluminium frames dominate.

• Composite frames are beginning to surface in the market and these include foam-filled vinyl frames with aluminium exterior claddings, wood frames with polyurethane thermal

breaks, and foam-filled fiberglass extrusions with wood interior and aluminium exterior finishes. 

WINDOW COATING

Reference: Latest glass and coating _ 2016-07-01 _ Architectural Record.Aluminum/timber composite double glazed frame

Page 26: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• Facades are a building’s most visible element.• Adding plants offers entirely new dimensions of texture, symbolism,

and seasonal dynamism.• French botanist and green-wall pioneer Patrick Blanc has said, “A

simple wall can become something poetic.”• Engineered green walls take two forms.

“GREEN FACADES,” grows climbing vines and ivy on cables or scaffolds, forming a living screen over a built facade.

The other green walls—living walls—are dense VERTICAL GARDENS whose plants seem to burst out of a building’s skin

CULTIVATED FAÇADEPalace hotel, london’s largest living wall

Reference: The Cultivated Facade _ 2016-07-01 _ Architectural Record. Edith Green–Wendell Wyatt Federal Building

Page 27: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

OPERABLE FAÇADE• Its about much more than temperature. Its about access to natural

light, glare control, air motion and humidity, the freshness and quality of the air –David cooper

• The design of smoke control system shall consider the adverse effects of wind- international building code-2012 (section 909.4.3)

OVAL OFFICE, savvy architect germanyAL BAHAR TWIN TOWER, abu dhabi, aedas architects Reference: The Cultivated Facade _ 2016-07-01 _ Architectural Record.

Page 28: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

PRE CAST CONSTRUCTION • Load-bearing walls substitute frame and skeletal constructions, which

saves time and costs.• Earthquake-resistant• Sustainable• Excellent sound insulation properties,• Reduces the noise pollution.

The Breaker tower

Page 29: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• One of the most popular green building certification.• A set of rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of

green buildings, homes, and neighborhoods .• Aims to help building owners and operators be environmentally responsible and use

resources efficiently.

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design )

RATING SYSTEM: Awarded points based on• materials,• construction methods• energy efficiency.

Certified—45 points Silver—60 pointsGold—75 pointsPlatinum—90 points

Page 30: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

LEED Points Offered in Eight Categories

ID—Innovation and Design 11 pointsLL—Location and Linkages 10 points

SS—Sustainable Sites 22 pointsWE—Water Efficiency—15 pointsEA—Energy and Atmosphere—38 pointsMR—Materials and Resources—16 pointsIEQ—Indoor Environmental Quality—21 pointsAE—Awareness and Education—3 points

Page 31: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

ID—Innovation and Design 11 pointsIncludes such innovative measures as design methods, regional credits, and exemplary performance Innovations that would integrate best practices of everyone on the team.

LL—Location and Linkages 10 pointsPlacement of homes in socially and environmentally responsible ways in relation to the larger community.

Page 32: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

WE—Water Efficiency—15 pointsWater conservation practices, indoor and outdoor, that are built into the home.

SS—Sustainable Sites 22 pointsUses the entire property to minimize project’s impact on the site.

Page 33: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

EA—Energy and Atmosphere—38 pointsOptimization of energy efficiency in well insulated, tight building envelope with efficient heating and cooling systemsMR—Materials and Resources—16 pointsReduction of material waste during construction and selection of green products

Page 34: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

IEQ—Indoor Environmental Quality—21 pointsImprovement of indoor air quality by reducing air pollution with Energy Star appliances, installation methods and ventilation measures.

AE—Awareness and Education—3 pointsCreate a homeowner’s manual covering the operation and maintenance of the green features of the home

TOTAL POINTS—136

Page 35: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• Built by the Albanese Organization.

• The first residential high-rise condo in the United States to win LEED Platinum certification.

The Visionaire : A LEED Platinum High-Rise Condo in

New York City

ExampleThe Visionaire

Page 36: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• In-building wastewater treatment system supplies toilets and central air conditioning units

FEATURES (JUST A FEW)• High-efficiency, natural gas-fired HVAC system uses no ozone-depleting refrigerants; ventilation system uses energy-recovery technology • 35 percent of base electricity load powered through renewable energy sources, including a 48-kilowatt photovoltaic solar electric system• Lighting provided entirely by fluorescents and LEDs; a single master switch at the entrance of each unit turns off all lights simultaneously• All appliances Energy Star-rated; all wood FSC-certified • Windows are all high-performance, radiant low-E insulated glass• Exterior made of 100 percent recycled terracotta and glass; at least 50 percent of building materials contain recycled content• Nontoxic interior materials include bamboo, grass cloth, natural limestone, recycled glass, and low-VOC paints and stains• Pesticide-free roof gardens recycle stormwater and mitigate heat retention

Page 37: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• Atop The Visionaire, pesticide-free rooftop gardens landscaped with native plants used harvested rainwater for irrigation

Page 38: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Taipei 101, the tallest and largest green building of LEED Platinum certification in the world since 2011

Example

Taipei 101

TAIPEI 101 is the first who reached the 90 points

Page 39: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

• The building houses 11,000 workers and ice is produced from within to keep them cool during hot and humid Taipei summers.

• Uses two dozen giant refrigerators

• Building’s roof and façade water -recycling system that meets 20 to 30% of the building’s water needs

• Reduced annual utility costs by$700,000 a year

FEATURES

• The cooling and recycling systems

• Used non reflecting Double Low –E Glass Certain wall

• Save 10% on electricity and water costs,

• Produce significantly less waste, and use 30% less energy –

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• A new building standard to certify the socioeconomic impact, as well as the environmental relevance, of design projects.

• Awards for Excellence in Public Interest Design.

• SEED will provide guidance, evaluation, and certification for the social,economic,and environmental relevance of design

projects

SEED(social, economic ,environmental design )

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Design projects are judged based on how well they address the following factors:

• Participation• Effectiveness• Excellence • Inclusiveness• Impact• Systemic

SELECTION CRITERIA

There is no SEED certified high-rise

a case study of triple bottom line design. The project demonstrates how a

design approach can be shaped by holistic systems thinking through an

understanding of a larger set of contextual factors.

Example (MAA-BARA)

Page 42: Enviroment and sustainablity of buildings

Thank you……….

REFERENCES- Energy and Environment in Architecture (A Technical Design Guide) by Nick Baker

and Koen Steemers LEED _ U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design – Wikipedia 2016-07-01 _ Architectural Record_www.architecturalrecord.com www.sabmagazine.com www.TeachTarget.com The institution of structural engineers, UK www.power-eng.com