Topic:- Soil Pollution Roll no. :- 9 to 17 Class:- B-sc 1st year Sec.:- A Semester I

Name :- AmitClass :- B-sc 1st

Sec :-ARoll no.:- 10

Enviromental Study

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the from of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreignSubstances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classedAs point source or nonpoint source pollution.

Pollution

Air Pollution

Water PollutionSoil Pollution

Noise PollutionRadioactive Pollution

Thermal PollutionPersonal Pollution

Types of Pollution

• Soil pollution is defined or can be described as the contamination of soil of a particular region.• Soil pollution is caused by addition of chemicals, which reduces it’s productive capacity.• In rural areas more fertilizers & pesticides are used in agricultural operations & the residual chemicals remain in the top layers of soil.

Soil Pollution

Soil can be define as the uppermost crust of earth mixed with organic material and in which animals and microorganisms live, and plants grow.

Introduction of soil

SOURCES OF SOIL

POLLUTIONAcid rainsExcess application of pesticides,

fertilizerUrban solid wastesDisposal of Industrial wastes and

sludge aver land

Acid Rain is caused by air pollution. The acidic water falls on the soil and pollutes it by making the soil acidic.

Acid rain

The use of excess

fertilizers to increase the crop yields makes the soil either acidic or alkaline and polluters it.

Ex: ammonium sulphate , sodium nitrate.

Fertilizers

Excess use of Na, Mg, Ca, K, Zn in the from of fertilizers & pesticides inhibit plan growth & reduce crop yield.

Fertilizers

These wastes include a wet and fermentable fraction, made of food residuals from houses, restaurants and food industries, paper.

Urban wastes

This pollution can

be very massive in certain areas, where the industries discharge their wastes and really great is variety of pollutants: heavy metals compounds, asbestos, organic compounds.

Industrial waste

POLLUTIONS1. Organic waste2. Compounds3. Excess use of fertilizers

Organic waste Organic waste enter the soil pores & decompose pathological bacteria spread infection.Compounds Compounds containing arsenic, mercury, chromium, nickel, lead, Zinc, & iron are toxic to the life. Fluorides also affect the plant development.

Pollutants

Excess use of fertilizers Excess use of Na, Mg, Ca, K, Zn, in the from of fertilizers & pesticides inhabit plant growth & reduce crop yield.

Pollutants

Causes cancers including leukemia.

Mercury can increase the risk of kidney damage.

Also cause headaches, eye irritation & skin rash.

Humans Effects

Small life forms may consume harmful

chemicals which may then be passed up the food chain to large animals.

Animals Effects

Decrease soil fertility.Reduced crop yield.Larger loss of soil & nutrients.Reduced nitrogen fixation.

Agricultural Effects

Public health problems. Pollution of drinking water sources. Foul small & release of gases. Waste management problems.

Urban Effects

Ban on use of plastic bags which are major cause

of pollution in cities Recycling of plastic wastes to manufacture many

‘remake’ items. Ban on deforestation. Encouraging forest replantation programmes. Use carefully the fertilizers & pesticides

preferable in optimal does.

Control of soil pollution