Adverbs

Adverbs

The Question

word

And individual word that answers are

Adverbs

Where?

When?

How?

ADVERBS OF LOCATION

An adverb can tell the place of the subject after the verb Be or tell the place of the action after other verbs.

Prepositions as adverbs

Certain prepositions function as

adverbs when they are not followed by

an object

in, inside, out, outsidein front, in back,

behind over, up down, below, under,

underneath close, near, far across,

by, past, and through

Prepositions as adverbs

Question Answer

Where is he? He is out.

Where do they live? They don’t live far.

Other Adverbs of Location Meaning

here in this place

there in that place

everywhere in all places

nowhere not in any place

not anywhere not in any place

anywhere in all possible places

away in another place

indoors in a building

inside in a building

outdoors not in a building

outside not in a building

upstairs on the floor above

downstairs on the floor below

high a distance above

low a distance below

underneath beiow

Prepositions as adverbsAdverbs of location are usually placed after the

verb.

Question Answer

Where is the airport? It is there. Where are Alice and Jerry? They are away. Where are the stores? They are nearby. Where is Joe? He is here.

Where are you going? 1 am not going far. Where does he work? He works upstairs. Where did she go? She went outside Where have they gone? They have gone ahead. Where will we see you? We will see you below.

To show surprise or excitement, put the adverb before the subject:

Here he is! Up you go! Away they went!

ADVERBS OF TIME

An adverb can tell the time of the subject after be or the time of the action after other verbs.

Prepositions as adverbs

The prepositions before functions

as an adverb when it is not followed by an

object

Question Answer

Was he here? Yes. He was here before.

Other Adverbs of Time Meaning

now at the present time then at that time, or after that soon a short time after now later after now, after then afterwards after now, after then

early before the expected time late after the expected time

momentarily very soon yet now, as expected already before now recently a short time before now

lately a short time before now still now, as before not anymore not now, as before

ago a length of time before now

today the present day tonight today at night yesterday the day before today tomorrow the day after today

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

the morning of today; can be present or past

It is 9:00 A.M. The sun is shining this morning.

It is 2:00 P.M. It is raining now. The sur was shining this morning.

the afternoon of today; can be present, past, or future It is 9:00

A.M. The sun is shining. It is going to rain this afternoon.

It is 2:00 P.M. It is raining this afternoon.

It is 10:00 P.M. It is clear now, but it was raining this afternoon.

this morning

present

past

this afternoon

future

present

past

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

this evening

future

present

past

this week

this Tuesday

this month

this February

the evening of today; can be presen: past, or future

It is 2:00 P.M. It is going to clear up this evening.

It is 7:00 P.M. It is clear this evening.

It is 10:00 P.M. It stopped raining this evening at 6:00 P.M.

the present week

the nearest Tuesday to today; can be past or future

the present month

the nearest February to now; can be past or future

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

last night

last week

the week before last

last Friday

last month

last May

last year

next week

the week after next

the night before today

the week before this week

the week before last week

the Friday before now

the month before this month

the May before now

the year before this year

the week after the present week

the week after next week

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

next Friday

next month

next May

next year

sometime

the Friday of the present week or the Friday of next week

the month after the present month

the next future May; can be this year or next year

the year after the present year

an unspecified future time

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

Question What time is it? When is your birthday? When

is the best time? When are

the parties? When was the

wedding? When are you

coming?

When were they studying?

When did she tell you? When

did they move here?

Answer It is early.

It is this Friday It is now.

They are tomorrow.

It was last week.

I’m coming now.

They were studying then.

She told me recently.

They moved here five years ago.

Adverbs of time are usually placed after the verb.

Adjetive + Noun Combinations as Adverb of Time

Already is placed • after a form of be:

I am already a doctor. • after an auxiliary verb:

I have already finished medical school. Fie is already working on his thesis. Is she here yet?Yes, she is already here.

No, she isn’t here yet. • before or after other verbs:

I already studied chemistry. I studied chemistry already.

Still is placed • after a form of be:

I am still here. We are still upstairs.

• after an auxiliary verb: We are still waiting. You should still try.

• before other verbs: Fie still plays golf every day. I still want to see you. Are they still talking? Yes, they are still talking.

No, they are not talking anymore.

Exceptions:

ADVERBS OF INSTANCE

An adverb can tell the number of times an action occurs.

Adverbs of instance

These adverbs are placed at the end of the phrase

once one time twice two times again one more time

Adverbs of instance

Adjective + noun combinations as adverbs:

three times ten times a hundred times

Adverbs of instance

Question Answer

How many times are you going to call? I’m going to call once. How many times did you see the movie? I saw it twice.

How many times will they come back? They will come back agair How many times did you go to the store? We went four times.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

An adverb can tell the frequency of an action.

Adverbs of frequency

An adverb can tell the frequency of an action. The adverb comes before the verb.

I

Question Answer Meaning

How often do you I never study. 0 percent of the time study? I hardly ever study. almost never

I rarely study. almost never I seldom study. almost never

I occasionally study. 25-50 percent of the Time

I often study. 50-75 percent of the Time

I frequently study. 50-75 percent of the Time

I usually study. 75-90 percent of the Time

I always study. 100 percent of the Time

Sometimes can be placed after the verb or before the subjec

I study sometimes. 25-50 percent of the Sometimes I study. Time

Once, twice, or x times a week is placed after the verb : before the subject.

I study twice a week.

Twice a week I study.

ADVERBS OF MANNER

An adverb can indicate the way an action is performed.

Adverbs of manner

Most adverbs of manner are formed by adding –ly to an adjective:

slowly quickly softly loudly

sweetly sourly nicely meanly carefully carelessly

Adverbs of manner

When the adjective ends in y, drop the y and add –ily.

crazy crazily noisy noisily busy busily happy happily

Adverbs of manner

When the adjective ends in le, change the le to -ly.

responsible responsibly capable capably comparable comparably

Adverbs of manner

A few adverbs are the same as their corresponding adjectives.

fast fast hard hard late late early early

Adverbs of manner

The adverb that corresponds to the adjective good is well.

The adverb that corresponds to the adjective bad is badly.

The adverb is placed after the verb when there is no object.

How do you dance? I dance well. I dance fast. I dance badly. I dance slowly.

Adverbs of manner

When there is a direct object, the adverb is placed after it..

How do you dance? I dance the waltz well. I dance the waltz fast. I dance the waltz badly. I dance the waltz slowly.

Adverbs of manner

Do not place the adverb between the verb and the direct object.

Do Not Use: I dance well the waltz.

Note : Several words that end in ly are adjectives, not adverbs; they do not have corresponding adverb forms.

friendly lively ugly lovely

sickly lonely deadly cowardly heavenly

COMPARING ADVERBS OF MANNER

A) Before adverbs that end in -ly

use more + adverb for a positive comparison:She works more slowly than I do. Brenda checks her work more carefully than

Thomas does.

use the most + adverb for the superlative:She works the most slowly of all.

Brenda checks her work the most carefully of all

use not as + adverb + as for a negative comparison:

I don’t work as slowly as she does.

A) Before adverbs that end in -ly

The negative superlative is rarely used. Use the adjective instead:

Awkward: Thomas works the least carefully of a Better: Thomas is the least careful of all.

Even better: Thomas is not as careful as the other.

B) With fastj hard, late, and early,

add -er for a positive comparison:

I work faster than she does.

Brenda works harder than Thomas does.

Brenda works later than Thomas does.

Thomas leaves earlier than Brenda does.

use the + adverb + est for the superlative:

She works the fastest of all. Brenda works the hardest of all. Brenda works the latest of all.

Thomas leaves the earliest of all.

B) With fastj hard, late, and early,use not as + adverb + as for a negative comparison:

use not as + adverb + as + the others for the negative superlative:

She doesn’t work as fast as I do.

Thomas doesn’t work as hard as Brenda does. Brenda doesn’t leave as early as

Thomas does.

He does not work as fast as the others. He does not work as hard as the others. He does not work as late as the others.

She does not leave as early as the others.

C) With welluse better for a positive comparison:

use the best for the superlative:

She works better than he does.

Brenda works the best of all.

use worse for a negative comparison:

She plays worse than her friend.

use the worst for the negative superlative:

She plays the worst of all.

D) With badly

use not as badly as for a positive comparison

use worse for the comparative

use the worst for the superlative

ADVERBS THAT INTENSIFY VERBS

An adverb can indicate the intensify of the action of a verb

Adverbs that intensify verbs

almost not quite nearly not quite hardly a little, but not enough

scarcely a little, but not enough only in a limited way just a little somewhat a little

well enough in a satisfactory way really very well

Adverbs that intensify verbs

Almost, nearly, hardly, scarcely, only, just, and really are placed before the verb. When used with a progressive tense, they separate the be form from the -ing form— see §9.

A little, very little, somewhat, well enough, and well are placed after the verb.

Adverbs that intensify verbs

Question Answer Meaning

Does the engine run? It almost runs. It doesn’t run but it micrr Is the engine running? It is almost running. run soon.

It nearly runs. It doesn’t run yet. It is nearly running.

It hardly runs. It runs very little.

It is hardly running.

It scarcely runs. It runs very little. It is scarcely running.

It just runs. It runs a little bit. It is just running.

It runs somewhat. It runs a little bit.

It only runs a little. It just runs somewhat It runs well enough. It runs in a satisfactory

way.

It really runs. It runs well. It is really running.

ADVERBS THAT INTENSIFY ADJECTIVES AND OTHER ADVERBS

An adverb can indicate the intensify of an adjective or of another adverb

Adverbs that intensify verbs