Monitoring and Monitoring and Enforcement of activity Enforcement of activity standard in emergency standard in emergency response and disaster response and disaster

management planmanagement plan(erdmp)(erdmp)

ANIL KUMAR SHARMAANIL KUMAR SHARMACHIEF ENGINEERCHIEF ENGINEER

.C.G. ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION BOARD.C.G. ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION BOARD

EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Systematic and Critical examination of an industrial operation in its entirety to identify potential hazards and level of risks/ disaster.

To mobilize all the technical & manpower resources to investigate the causes and means of preventions

For foreseeing hazards and risks and preventing them before the occurrence.

Regulatory, moral and economic necessity. Safety and productivity are closely linked and sound

productivity practices are linked with the sound safety practices.

Investments in safety pays back in short period and are thus an economic necessity.

Enhances the morale of the work force and add to productivity in turn.

The Rating of Activity Standards Based on the data gathered through questionnaire

and participative interaction a detailed activity standard proforma is to be filled up.

The rating of activity standards is to be done through brain storming session with groups, industry supervisor, foreman etc.

The rating is by a simple semantic scale of “Poor-Fair-Good-Excellent”.

The form allows only for manual rating, which is slow and tedious.

The Standard Safety Performance Rating (SSPR)

Provides a means of comprehensive safety performance rating under six heads of management control.

Organization & Administration of Safety, health & Environment

Industrial hazard control Fire control and industrial hygiene Supervisory and workman participation motivation and

training. Accident investigation, Analysis Reporting & follow up

Action. Off the job safety.

SWOT Analysis of Safety Performance SWOT is a general purpose management

performance review system and is valuable for OHS. Audits also.

It is a study of the Strengths, Weaknesses and Threats (SWOT)

Example: - Strength and Weakness - Exploitation of Opportunities - Recognition and Control of

Threats.

Evaluation for Activity Standards for ERDMP

Organization and Administration of Safety, Health and Environment.

Industrial hazards Control Fire control and Industrial hygiene Supervisory and Workman participation,

Motivation and training. Accident investigation analysis, reporting and

follow up action. Additional areas of performance rating as may be

felt.

Data Required Detailed diagram, layout equipment specification

preparing layout etc. Safe operating procedure Maintenance policy laid down practices. Framing Meteorological conditions Area map Necessary data EMP/MP

Methodology Data collection and site visits. Study of the SOPs (Safe Operating Procedures) and safety

mechanisms. Study of the organization structure, technical manpower

selection, training and age group combinations. Study of the lay out and preparation of Hazard check list. Study of HAZOP report to find the potential disaster scenarios

and the possible sequence of deviations leading to disasters and measures to control the same .

Development of scenarios of potential disasters. Study of the failure rates and reliability data. Source modeling and Scenario development of potential

disasters.

Methodology Study of the meteorological data. Evaluation of the risk levels against other and related

human activities as well as international guidelines and norms.

Recommendations on control of potential disasters and risk mitigation.

Modeling for environmental impact assessment. Interpretation of computer out put. Evaluation of risks, comparison with norms and

development of mitigation measures. Preparation of reports HAZOP etc.

Activity Standards for Safety Audits [

EVALUATION DONE FOR :

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

A. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

1. Declaration of safety, health and environment policy and assignment of responsibilities assigned

No statement of safety, health and environment policy as per statutory provisions. Responsibility and accountability not assigned

A general understanding of safety, health and environment control, Responsibility and accountability, not written

Formal Safety, health and environment policy declared and copies in English and local language widely displayed and circulated and responsibilities written and distributed to supervisors.

In addition to 'Good', safety, health and environment policy, same is reviewed periodically and posted. Responsibility and accountability is emphasized in supervisory performance evaluations

2 Safe Operating Procedures (SOPs)

No written SOPs Written SOPs for some but not all hazardous operations

Written SOPs for all hazardous operations

All hazardous operations covered by a procedure, posted at the job locations, with an annual documented review to determine adequacy

3 Employee selection and placement

Only pre employment physical exam given

In addition, an aptitude test is introduced to new employees

In addition to ‘fair’ new employees past safety record is considered in their employment

In addition to 'Good', when employees are considered for promotion, their safety attitude and record is considered

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

4. Emergency and disaster control plans

No plan or procedure Verbal understanding on emergency procedures

Written plan containing the minimum requirements

All types of emergencies covered with written procedures, Responsibilities are defined with backup personnel provisions

5 Direct management involvement

No Measurable activity

Follow up on accident problems

In addition to Fair management reviews all injury and property damage reports and holds supervision accountable for firm corrective measures

In addition so Good, reviews all investigation reports loss control problems are treated as other operation problems in staff meetings.

6 Plant safety rules No written rules Plan safety rules, have been developed and posted

Plant safety rules are incorporated in the plant work rules

In addition plant work rules are firmly enforced and updated at least annually

B. INDUSTRIAL HAZARD CONTROL

1 House keeping of storage of materials etc.

House keeping is generally poor. Raw material items being processed

House keeping is fair, Some attempts to store adequately materials are being made

House keeping and storage of materials are orderly. Heavy and bulky objects well stored out of aisles, etc.

House keeping and storage of materials are ideally controlled

2 Machine guarding Little attempt is made to control hazardous points on machinery

Partial but inadequate or ineffective attempts at control are in evidence

There is evidence of control which meets statutory requirements are still possible

Machine hazards are effectively controlled to the extent that injury is unlikely. Safety of operator is given proper importance at the time of process design

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

3. General area guarding

Little attempt is made to control such hazards as: unprotected floor. Openings : slippery or effective floors : stair way surfaces : inadequate illuminations etc.

Partial but inadequate attempts to control these hazards are evidenced

There is evidence of control which meets the statutory requirements but further improvements still needed.

There hazards are effectively controlled to the extent that injury is unlikely

4 Maintenance of equipment guards. Hand tools etc.

No systematic programme of maintaining guards, hand tools, controls, and other safety features of equipments etc.

Partial but inadequate or ineffective maintenance

Maintenance programme for equipment and safety features is adequate. Electrical hand tools are tested and inspected before insurance, and on a routine basis

In addition to Good is preventive maintenance systems programmed for hazardous equipment and devices. Safety reports flied and safety department consulted when abnormal conditions are found.

5 Material handing- manual and mechanized

Little attempt is made to minimize possibility of injury from the handling of materials

Partial but ineffective or inadequate attempts at controls are in evidence

Loads are limited to size and shape for handling by hand, and mechanization is provided for heavy or bulky loads

In addition to controls for both manual and mechanized handling, adequate measures prevail to prevent conflict between other workers and material being moved.

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

6. Personal protective equipments (PPEs) – adequacy and use

Proper equipments not provided or is not adequate for specific hazards

Partial but inadequate or ineffective provision, distribution and use of personal protective equipments

Proper equipments is provided. Equipment identified for special hazards. Distribution of equipment. Is controlled by supervisor, employee is required to use protective equipment

Equipment provided complies with standards. Close control maintained by supervision. Use of safety equipment recognized as an employment. Requirement. Injury record bears this out

7 Equipment Health Equipments in poor shape and no programme of revamping

Equipments may provide unreliable and interrupted service

Equipments maintained well and a good programme of overhauling and replacement

Equipments in excellent condition and predictive, Preventive , annual turn around and replacement programmes to ensure top shape of equipments

8 General Chemical Hazard Control

No Chemical Hazard control programme in vogue

Chemical hazards are identified, but no systematic efforts made to enforce regular system of chemical Hazard control

MSDS for all chemical available, displayed and a systematic Chemical Hazards control Programme in vogue

In addition to Good level, there is considerable general floor level awareness, concern and practice of chemical Hazard control

9 Hazard Identification and Analysis

No concept of Hazard Identification and Analysis

There is a general concept of Hazard Identification, but no systematic effort towards Hazard Identification and Analysis

HAZOP study undertaken and applied to identifying and solving potential hazards

Periodical HAZOP studies undertaken and all recommendation of independent HAZOP are effectively implemented. For new projects pre- design stage and as built plant HAZOPs as well as periodical HAZOPs undertaken and implemented

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

10. Safe Work Permits and Confined Space Entry

No system of Safe Work Permit in use

Work is authorized only by verbal instructions and care taken to ensure safety

There is a written Safe Work Permit and Confined Space entry permit system and the same is effectively practiced

In addition to 'Good', level, there are levels of Safe Work Permits and elaborate instructions are laid down and ensured for all maintenance and construction activities

11 Equipment Safety Devices- Lockouts, locking, trips, alarms etc.

Even minimal equipment safety devices lacking

Minimal equipment safety devices found

Elaborate system of trips and interlocks provided to ensure avoidance of accidents and equipment damages due to human error

In addition to Good level, there is a total central Control system for control lf all equipment and machinery and are the system is maintained and operated by highly qualified personnel

12 Maintenance No modern maintenance system. Only break down maintenance in vague

Some planned maintenance practices found

There is a written down and practiced system, of preventive and planned shut down maintenance

In addition to 'Good', level, there a system, of predictive and annual turn around shut down to ensure trouble free operations throughout the year and break downs are minimal and do not involve practically any major plant shut down

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

13. Solid waste, Air and water pollution control

No system of solid waste, air and water pollution monitoring, treatment and effluent disposal system in vogue

Some elementary awareness of the need for waste treatment and disposal and efforts in hand to take some measures

There is a well established system of controlling, treating and proper disposal of all wastes and air and water pollution levels are regularly monitored

In addition to Good level, there is great awareness and concern beyond meeting minimal statutory standards and a research oriented effort is being made to improve processes to make operations with minimal wastes and system of recycling water and other resources is being extensively practiced

14. Design Safety Safety aspects are not kept in view at the plant design stage

Some consideration for safety at the design stage and minimal statutory provisions of machine guarding etc. ensured

The plants are built with satisfactory system of built-in-safety

Extensive safety measures ensured right from the design stage and the concept of Systems design safety is well understood and practiced

C. FIRE CONTROL AND INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

1. Chemical Hazard control references

No knowledge or use of reference data

Data available and used by foremen when needed

In addition to 'Fair', additional standards have been requested when necessary

Data posted and followed where needed. Additional standards have been promulgated, reviewed with employees involved and posted

Sr.No.

ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 

2. Flammable & explosive materials control

Storage facilities don't meet fire regulations. containers don't carry name of the contents. Excessive quantities permitted in manufacturing areas

Some storage facilities meet minimum fire regulations. Most containers carry names of contents. some approved disposing equipment in use

Storage facilities meet minimum fire regulations. Most containers carry name of contents. Approved equipment generally used. Supply at work area is limited say one day requirement of other norm

In addition to 'Good', storage facilities exceed the minimum fire regulations and containers are always labeled. A strong policy is in evidence relative to the control of the handling, storage and use of flammable materials

3. Ventilation Furnas, smoke & dust control

Ventilation rates are below industrial hygiene standards in areas where there is industrial hygiene exposure

Ventilation rates in exposure areas meet minimum standards

In addition to 'Fair', ventilation rates are periodically measured, recorded and maintained at approved levels

In addition to 'Good', equipment is properly selected and maintained at maximum efficiency

4 skin contamination control

Little attempt at control or elimination of skin irritation exposure

Partial but incomplete programme for protecting workers. First-aid reports on skin problems are followed up on an individual basis for determination of cause

The majority of workmen instructed concerning skin-irritating materials. Workmen provided with approved personal protective equipments or devices. Use of these equipment is enforced

All workmen informed about skin-irritating materials. Workmen in all cases provided with approved personal protective equipment of devices. Use of proper equipment enforced and facilities available for maintenance. Workers are encouraged to wash skin frequently. Injury records indicate good control.

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

5. Fire control measures

Do not meet minimum statutory requirements

Meet minimum statutory requirements

In addition to 'Fair', additional fire hoses and /or extinguishers are provided. Welding permits issued. Extinguishers on all welding carts

In addition to 'Good', a fire crew is organized and trained in emergency procedures and in use of fire fighting equipment and regular fire drills are conducted and other employees also included in such fire drills and training Programmes

6. Solid, liquid and gaseous waste collection, treatment, and disposal

Control measures are inadequate

Some controls exist for disposal of harmful wastes of trash. Controls exist but are ineffective in methods or procedures of collection, treatment and disposal

Most waste collection, treatment and disposal problems have been identified and control Programmes instituted. There is room for further improvement

Waste collection, treatment and disposal is very effective and air, water and earth contamination hazard potentials minimal

7. Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOPS)

Unaware of HAZOP studies

Some hazard studies conducted but no formal HAZOP study organized

Formal HAZOP studies conducted and areas of operation, maintenance, handling and transportation hazards identified

In addition to 'Good', level, HAZOP study, application has been made of potential disaster scenarios in developing emergency preparedness plan

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

8. Emergency Preparedness Plan

Not prepared EMP has been prepared only

EMP has been well publicized and effective tested Preparedness tested periodically

Extensive EMP Preparedness programme with day-to-day monitoring weather conditions and keeping alert on the on-site and off-site vulnerable areas in the event of potential disasters

D. SUPERVISORY AND WORKMEN PARTICIPATION, MOTIVATION AND TRAINING

1. Line supervisor safety training

All supervisors have not received basic safety training

All shop supervisors have received some safety training

All supervisors participate in divisional safety training session periodically e.g.a minimum of twice a year

In addition to 'Good', special sessions conducted on specific problems

2. Safety committee No Safety committee as per statutory requirements in existence

Safety committee in existence just meeting the statutory requirements but not effective

A standing safety committee representing management and workmen constituted in terms of statutory provisions and effectively working

In addition to effective safety, committee as under 'Good', the recommendations of the safety committee are given importance and effectively implemented. All cases of near misses and minor and major accidents reviewed and accident investigation reports made available to the safety committee

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

3. Indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments requirements

No programme of indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments requirements

Verbal only A written handout to assist the indoctrination

A formal and rigorous indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments policy is in effect

4. Job Hazard analysis and keeping track of even near misses

No such job hazard control system in existence

Job hazard control programme being implemented in select areas

Job hazard analyses done and near misses kept track of

Not only is Job hazard analyses and near misses kept track of, but substantial awareness of the relationship between near misses, no injury accidents, minor injury major accidents

5. Specialized training on specially hazardous operations, maintenance, loading unloading and transportation activities

Inadequate training given on specially hazardous activities

An occasional training given for specially hazardous activities

Safety training is given for all specialized and hazardous activities on a regular basis and retraining provided to review correct procedures

In addition to 'Good', a periodical review done and training areas and procedures improved and extensive use of audiovisuals and drills conducted as part of training

6. Internal self inspection

No written programme for identifying hazardous activities and or condition

Reliance on statutory authority for reporting hazardous activities

A written programme of internal inspection, responsibilities frequency and follow up is in effect

Internal inspection and control is measured in terms of results in reduction of near misses and accidents. Inspection results are followed up by top management

S. No.

ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT 

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

7 Safety promotion and publicity

Bulletin boards and posters are considered the primary means of safety promotion

Additional safety displays, demonstrations, films, are used infrequently

Safety displays, competitions, debates, discussions, lectures, films frequently used

In addition to ‘Good’, special display cabinets, windows, etc. are provided and displays are provided and changed regularly and keyed to special themes

 

8 Supervisor/ workmen safety contact and communication

Little or no attempt made by supervisor to discuss safety with workmen

Infrequent communications between supervisors and workmen on safety aspects

Supervisors regularly cover safety when reviewing work practices with workmen individually and collectively

In addition to ‘Good’, supervisors make good use of the shop safety plans and regularly review job safety requirements with each worker and emphasis on safe job performance while reviewing the worker’s safety performance

 

E. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION, ANALYSIS, REPORTING AND FOLLOW UP ACTION  

1 Accident investigation by line personnel

No accident investigation made by line men

Line supervision makes only investigation of medical injury cases

Line supervision trained in accident investigation and do carry out investigation of all accidents, determines causes in the overall perspective, recommends corrective measures in a time bound way

In addition to the ‘Good’ level investigation is made of all accidents within 24 hours of the occurrence, reports reviewed by department heads and plant managers and action corrective actions initiated to avoid recurrence

 

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

2. Accident analysis to reveal relationship between various accident factors

No accident analysis undertaken

Some basic analysis of accidents made for cause, location and operation

Detailed accident records maintained and regularly analyzed to reveal broad pattern of relationship of various accident parameters

Computerized data base of near misses and accidents along with advanced PC-Software based accident analysis undertaken regularly to determine pattern of near misses and accidents in relation to a wide range of parameters and this analyses is used as an effective tool for control of accidents

3 Investigation of property damage cases

No specified programme

Verbal inquiry or a general practice to inquire about only property damage accidents

Written requirement of investigation of all property damage accidents involving a specified loss limit say Rs. 100/-

All property damage accidents are recorded, reported and investigated and corrective measures including improved specifications for equipments and spares required to be considered

4 Accident reporting and recording

Inadequate procedures and practices

Only reportable Accidents are properly reported and records maintained as per statutory requirements

Recording of accidents covers also non reportable ones like first aid cases and used for analysis

All accidents including near misses, first aid cases and reportable accidents are recorded, reported and used for detailed analysis

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

OFF-THE-JOB-SAFETY

1. Administrative system for off-the-job-safety

None existing and off-the-job accidents treated as no concern of management

Only informal concern for off-the-job-safety

Formalized off-the-job-safety programme

Specific policy statement on the significance of off-the-job-safety and formal organizational responsibilities laid down and practiced

2 Reporting, recording, and cause analysis of all off-the-job-accidents of employees

None in existence Off-the-job accident victim is met as a matter of human concern only

Formal reporting, recording, investigation and cause analysis and consoling the victim and family

In addition to ‘Good’, there is a formalized system of providing medical and moral help to victim and family and investigation report is made use of in training employees on the need for off-the-job safety keeping in view the family and economic losses and miseries

3 Training on off-the-job-safety

None Generally off-the-job-accidents are discussed only

There is a formal procedure to highlight the need for off-the-job-safety in safety training

All safety training programmes, publicity programmes and safety manuals specifically include off-the-job-safety

S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT

Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

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