Elizabethan EraElizabethan Era1485-16031485-1603Late 15Late 15thth and and early 17early 17thth century century

Mrs. SheanMrs. Shean

Quiz Question

Directions: Take Cornell NotesDirections: Take Cornell NotesTitle: Elizabethan EraTitle: Elizabethan Era

Heading Heading Information and picturesInformation and pictures

Vocabulary Vocabulary Information and pictures Information and pictures

Dates Dates Information and pictures Information and pictures

*Write down the definitions of new words and highlight them.*Write down the definitions of new words and highlight them.

Summary

Elizabeth IElizabeth I England was also well-off England was also well-off

compared to the other compared to the other nations of Europe. nations of Europe.

Queen Elizabeth started her Queen Elizabeth started her reign at the age of 25.reign at the age of 25.

Her leadership allowed Her leadership allowed England to prosper. She England to prosper. She changed the country from changed the country from backwards to confident. backwards to confident. SheShe grew the nation and grew the nation and increased the navy that increased the navy that protected England protected England throughout the throughout the Renaissance.Renaissance.

• Queen Elizabeth I ruled over England during this time.

• Much of Elizabeth’s success was in balancing the interests of the Puritans and the Catholics. She managed to offend neither to a large extent.

Quiz Question

Video ClipVideo Clip

If the video doesn’t If the video doesn’t play automatically play automatically go to the Hamlet go to the Hamlet file and play the file and play the video titled:video titled:

England under England under Queen Queen Elizabeth_4.aviElizabeth_4.avi

Fashions/Clothing Fashions/Clothing At the beginning of thisAt the beginning of thisperiod, ladies gowns wereperiod, ladies gowns weremodest. They had ruffledmodest. They had ruffledsleeves (symbolizing uppersleeves (symbolizing upperclass), and a class), and a V-shapedV-shapedwaistwaist. The dresses were. The dresses weremade to show of smallmade to show of smallwaists and squarewaists and squareshoulders. Later, the shoulders. Later, the ruffledruffledsleevessleeves were turned to tight were turned to tightsleeves, and the V-shapedsleeves, and the V-shapedwaist transformed into awaist transformed into astraight waist.straight waist.

Fashions/Clothing Fashions/Clothing Women’s hair was Women’s hair was

always swept up, either always swept up, either in a snood (a gathered in a snood (a gathered bag in the back, bag in the back, covering the hair), or in covering the hair), or in a popular a popular heart-heart-shaped styleshaped style, which , which from the front looks like from the front looks like to little cones sticking to little cones sticking out from either side of out from either side of your hair. Queen your hair. Queen Elizabeth wore this Elizabeth wore this hairstyle for many of hairstyle for many of her portraits. her portraits.

Fashions/Clothing Fashions/Clothing

Men wore vest-like shirts called Men wore vest-like shirts called jerkinsjerkins, , and knee length pants that puffed out. and knee length pants that puffed out. Nobles wore fine leather shoes and either Nobles wore fine leather shoes and either a velvet hat, silk hat, a tall feathery hat, or a velvet hat, silk hat, a tall feathery hat, or a tall fabric hat. Later on, the fashion was a tall fabric hat. Later on, the fashion was to wear long, billowing to wear long, billowing cloakscloaks fastened fastened with a pendant of chain. The hats changed with a pendant of chain. The hats changed to to beaver hatsbeaver hats or hats with a or hats with a plumeplume, , feather, sticking out jauntily on one side. feather, sticking out jauntily on one side. Silk Silk stockingsstockings were added to the pants. were added to the pants.

Working Class ClothingWorking Class Clothing

Kirtle

Kerchief

Apron

ChemiseBreeches

Working ClassWorking Class Clothing Clothing Bodice

Working Class ClothingWorking Class Clothing

Jerkin

Doublet

Breeches

Working Class ClothingWorking Class ClothingParlet Kirtle Headdress Parlet

Men’s Shoes

Women’s Shoes

Farthingale: structures used under to support the skirts into the desired shape

Quiz Question

The Elizabethan view of pure beauty was a woman with light hair and a snow white complexion complimented with red cheeks and lips.

Quiz Question

V-shaped waist

V-shaped waist

Elizabethan fashion was highly elaborate. Clothes were decorated with heavy embroidery and decorated with jewels, spangles, pearls.

Padded shoulder sleeves

Semi cartwheel ruff with figure-of-eight lace High collar figure-of-eight ruff

Clothes were designed with a layered approach requiring assistance in dressing from servants.

Upper class fashions were tight, hot and uncomfortable.

AristocratsAristocratsCartwheel ruff with lace

Deep figure-of-eight ruff

AristocratsAristocratsCloak

Capotain: tall grey hat with a feather

AristocratsAristocratsLivery Collar: heavy chain, usually of gold, worn as political position.

Cloak

Jerkin Plume

Codpiece: a flap or pouch

that attaches to the front of the crotch

Children’s ClothingChildren’s Clothing

Children had to wear the same clothes as adults.Children had to wear the same clothes as adults.

Children’s ClothingChildren’s Clothing

Children’s ClothingChildren’s Clothing

Children’s ClothingChildren’s Clothing CoifCoif

Coif: a close fitting cap to keep hair in place.

Fashions/ClothingFashions/Clothing Elizabethans were not Elizabethans were not

allowed to wear what allowed to wear what clothes they liked. Their clothes they liked. Their clothing and items of clothing and items of apparel were dictated by apparel were dictated by the Elizabethan the Elizabethan Sumptuary Sumptuary LawsLaws which governed the which governed the style and materials worn! style and materials worn!

The penalties for violating The penalties for violating Sumptuary Laws could be Sumptuary Laws could be harsh - fines, the loss of harsh - fines, the loss of property, title and even life! property, title and even life!

Quiz Question

Clothing VideoClothing Video

If the video clip If the video clip doesn’t play doesn’t play automatically go to automatically go to your Hamlet file your Hamlet file and play the video and play the video titled titled Shakespearean Shakespearean clothing_7.avi clothing_7.avi

(5min. 32 sec.)(5min. 32 sec.)

Crime and PunishmentCrime and Punishment

•People were shamed publicly in front of large crowds.

•Some punishments were done by the crowds. For example, the picture to the left people would walk by and spit on the prisoner.

•Punishments were severe and often meant death for the prisoner.

Quiz Question

HealthHealth

England during England during the Elizabethan the Elizabethan Era did not give Era did not give its people a high its people a high standard of standard of health. Various health. Various diseases and food diseases and food problems problems emerged which emerged which made life difficult made life difficult for them. for them.

HealthHealth The serious The serious lack of lack of

sanitationsanitation in Elizabethan in Elizabethan England, especially in big England, especially in big cities, gave rise to many cities, gave rise to many diseases endangering the diseases endangering the lives of the people in lives of the people in England. England. Streets were filled Streets were filled with rotting garbage, sewers with rotting garbage, sewers were blocked and rivers were blocked and rivers were contaminated by were contaminated by domestic waste.domestic waste. Epidemic Epidemic diseasesdiseases became became increasingly common due to increasingly common due to the the growth of pestsgrowth of pests such such as rats, fleas and lice,as rats, fleas and lice, and and were especially prevalent were especially prevalent among children due to their among children due to their high susceptibility to high susceptibility to diseases.diseases.

HealthHealth

People also tried to treat diseases using methods People also tried to treat diseases using methods based on their based on their superstitious beliefssuperstitious beliefs.. For example, For example, some believed that the use of some believed that the use of magicmagic and and gemstonesgemstones could curecould cure mental mental illnessesillnesses and emotional discomfort. and emotional discomfort. Astrology was used by doctors to heal their patientsAstrology was used by doctors to heal their patients..

Treatment:Treatment:• Advanced medicine Advanced medicine did not exist back in did not exist back in the 16th century, the 16th century, therefore people therefore people sought for basic sought for basic remedies to various remedies to various illnesses usually by illnesses usually by making their own making their own medicine and potions medicine and potions using using herbs and herbs and plantsplants. Most people . Most people also preferred also preferred home home medicine and medicine and household remedyhousehold remedy as they were as they were much much cheaper than seeing cheaper than seeing doctorsdoctors and physicians. and physicians.

Quiz Question

HealthHealth The average lifespan The average lifespan

of an adult male was of an adult male was 47 years47 years, while the , while the life expectancy of life expectancy of people in London was people in London was 35 years35 years for the for the richer ones, and only richer ones, and only 25 years25 years for the less for the less affluent ones. Death in affluent ones. Death in infancy or early infancy or early childhood was childhood was common. Also, about common. Also, about 40% of the people 40% of the people died before their died before their middle teenage years. middle teenage years.

An appointment with a An appointment with a qualified doctor would qualified doctor would cost cost one gold coinone gold coin, , equivalent to equivalent to 10 10 shillingsshillings Using the Using the retail price index, 10 retail price index, 10 shillings from 1560 is shillings from 1560 is worth $1346.52 in worth $1346.52 in 2006, which was very 2006, which was very expensive under expensive under common standards common standards during the 16th century during the 16th century and was therefore and was therefore almost entirely almost entirely exclusive to the royalty, exclusive to the royalty, nobles and the rich.nobles and the rich.

HealthHealth

coarse coarse breadbread of barley of barley or rye (or rye (largest portion largest portion of the dietof the diet))

fish fish cheesecheese vegetables. vegetables.

fine white bread fine white bread the rich considered the rich considered

food from the ground food from the ground as lowly (carrots, as lowly (carrots, potatoes, etc.)potatoes, etc.)

beef beef pork pork lamb lamb fowlfowl salmon salmon eeleel shellfish. shellfish.

Food the Poor Ate Food the Wealthy Ate

Quiz Question

Daily LifeDaily Life

Entertainment/HobbiesEntertainment/Hobbies There were many different types of Elizabethan sports and There were many different types of Elizabethan sports and

entertainment:entertainment: Feasts  Feasts 

– A large, elaborately prepared meal, usually for many persons and often A large, elaborately prepared meal, usually for many persons and often accompanied by court entertainment. Often celebrated religious festivals accompanied by court entertainment. Often celebrated religious festivals

Banquets  Banquets  – A ceremonial dinner honouring a particular guest A ceremonial dinner honouring a particular guest

Fairs  Fairs  – The Annual Summer Fair was often a bawdy affair The Annual Summer Fair was often a bawdy affair

Plays  Plays  – Started as plays enacted in town squares followed by the actors using the Started as plays enacted in town squares followed by the actors using the

courtyards of taverns or inns (referred to as Inn-yards) followed by the courtyards of taverns or inns (referred to as Inn-yards) followed by the first theatres (great open air amphitheatres built in the same style as the first theatres (great open air amphitheatres built in the same style as the Roman Coliseum) and then the introduction of indoor theatres called Roman Coliseum) and then the introduction of indoor theatres called Playhouses Playhouses

Mystery Plays  Mystery Plays  – Re-enactment of stories from the Bible Re-enactment of stories from the Bible

Festivals  Festivals  – Celebrating Church festivals Celebrating Church festivals

Entertainment/HobbiesEntertainment/Hobbies Jousts / Tournaments  Jousts / Tournaments 

– A series of tilted matches between knights A series of tilted matches between knights Games and Sports  Games and Sports 

– Sports and games which included archery, bowling, cards, Sports and games which included archery, bowling, cards, dice, hammer-throwing, quarter-staff contests, quoits, skittles dice, hammer-throwing, quarter-staff contests, quoits, skittles and wrestlingand wrestling

Animal Sports  Animal Sports  – Included bear and bull baiting, and dog and cock fighting Included bear and bull baiting, and dog and cock fighting

Hunting  Hunting  – Sport followed by the nobility often using dogs Sport followed by the nobility often using dogs

Hawking  Hawking  – Sport followed by the nobility with hawks (otherwise Sport followed by the nobility with hawks (otherwise

known as falconry)known as falconry)

LanguageLanguage

ANTICK = the fool in the old plays ANTICK = the fool in the old plays BODIKIN = an oath (Today: “I BODIKIN = an oath (Today: “I

swear”) 'Od's Bodikin,' God's swear”) 'Od's Bodikin,' God's little Body little Body

CALIVER = a hand-gun CALIVER = a hand-gun DROLLERY = a puppet-show DROLLERY = a puppet-show ENGLUT = to swallow speedily ENGLUT = to swallow speedily FET = fetched FET = fetched GAST = frightened GAST = frightened HOISE = to hoist, heave up on high HOISE = to hoist, heave up on high INLY = inward INLY = inward LOWT = a clown LOWT = a clown NEELD = a needle NEELD = a needle OPE = open OPE = open QUICKEN = to come to life QUICKEN = to come to life STIGMATICAL = deformed STIGMATICAL = deformed TREACHERS = traitors TREACHERS = traitors