egr slidecast final

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“All men make faults, and even I in this, Authorizing thy trespass with compare, Myself corrup=ng, salving thy amiss, Excusing thy sins more than thy sins are.” [5] “Everybody makes faults, and even I in doing this, Jus=fying your crimes by comparisons, Making myself a corrupt leader by trying to remedy your misdeeds. Excusing your sins and even sins you haven’t commiHed.” [5] 1

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Page 1: Egr slidecast final

“All  men  make  faults,  and  even  I  in  this,      Authorizing  thy  trespass  with  compare,    Myself  corrup=ng,  salving  thy  amiss,      Excusing  thy  sins  more  than  thy  sins  are.”  [5]  “Everybody  makes  faults,  and  even  I  in  doing  this,  Jus=fying  your  crimes  by  comparisons,  Making  myself  a  corrupt  leader  by  trying  to  remedy  your  misdeeds.  Excusing  your  sins  and  even  sins  you  haven’t  commiHed.”  [5]      

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According  to  ScoKsh  poet  and  writer  Don  Paterson,  it  is  not  known  when  exactly  each  sonnet  (including  35)  was  created  in  rela=on  to  which  stage  of  Shakespeare’s  life  [1].  This  could  be  either  a  young  or  older  Shakespeare,  but  it  is  unclear  exactly  when  he  wrote  his  sonnets  in  his  life=me.  One  piece  of  evidence  that  shows  incongruence  is  Sonnet  117  [1].  This  sonnet  (117)  sounds  like  a  younger  Shakespeare  judging  by  how  it  was  wriHen,  versus  the  mature  Shakespeare  we  see  in  Sonnet  35  [1].  According  to  Professor  of  English  John  Klause,  there  was  a  lot  of  specula=on  as  to  who  the  poet  of  these  sonnets  was  supposed  to  be.  Klause  claims  he  may  have  been  an  older  man,  due  to  the  fact  that  Shakespeare  refers  to  his  old  age  and  knowledge  in  some  of  his  later  sonnets  [2].  But  it  is  not  the  age  of  the  poet  that  is  important,  but  it  is  the  expected  fact  that  the  man  has  lived  a  long,  exhaus=ng  life  [2].  It  is  hard  to  say  whom  exactly  the  poet  is  addressing,  but  according  to  writer  D.  Petrescu,  whomever  the  poet  is  addressing  is  a  person  who  commiHed  sin  (either  towards  or  to  the  knowledge  of  the  poet)  and  it  is  a  man  commiKng  this  sin  [3].  Petrescu  states  it  is  unclear  what  exactly  the  sin  commiHed  was,  for  it  does  not  say  [3].  This  sin  commiHed  may  have  been  something  dark  or  extreme  because  in  line  three  Shakespeare  refers  to  “clouds  and  eclipses”.  According  to  Petrescu,  in  those  =mes  clouds  and  eclipses  were  a  sign  of  illness  [3].  It  is  possible  that  this  man  was  a  lover  or  a  close  acquaintance.  According  to  Chris=ne  Hutchins,  if  it  were  his  lover,  Shakespeare’s  lovers  seemed  to  not  only  be  single,  but  also  extremely  physically  available  [4].  Shakespeare  was  said  to  have  been  credited  with  the  first  sonnet  sequence  to  show  lovers  being  tortured  due  to  unfaithful  ac=ons  [4].  

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Not  only  is  the  who  important,  but  what  about  when  it  was  made?  Since  Shakespeares  sonnets  were  not  wriHen  or  assembled  in  chronological  order,  it’s  hard  to  tell  exactly  when  Sonnet  35  was  wriHen.  But,  you  can  tell  by  the  use  of  certain  wri=ng  techniques  approximately  when  he  may  have  done  it  in  his  life=me.  This  was  most  likely  wriHen  later  in  his  life=me.  According  to  Petrescu,  in  the  third  quatrain,  Shakespeare  begins  to  use  legal  terms  to  break  away  from  the  biblical  language  of  sin  at  the  =me  [3].  This  leads  him  into  the  fourth  quatrain.  The  significance  of  the  couplet  is  that  he  emphasizes  how  badly  the  poet  feels,  however  his  strong,  emo=onal  feelings  for  the  sinner  are  much  stronger  than  whatever  damage  was  caused  by  the  sinner’s  sins  [3].  Shakespeare  also  integrated  some  an=-­‐Petrarchism  style  into  his  sonnets.  Audiences  were  horrified  at  the  dark  imagery  Shakespeare  uses,  according  to  Hutchins  [4].  He  would  have  used  these  techniques  later  in  his  life=me;  around  the  =me  many  others  had  started  doing  the  same.  Hutchins  says  that  those  who  opposed  English  Petrarchan  tradi=on  or  love  poetry  would  say  that  style  of  using  intense  romance  and  sexual  imagery  was  only  unique  to  Shakespeare.  However,  plenty  of  Italian,  French  and  English  sonnet  writers  also  used  Petrarchan  tradi=on  in  their  poetry  [4].    

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Why  did  Shakespeare  use  this  certain  style  of  intense  and  somewhat  horrific  imagery  in  this  sonnet?  Many  English  sonnet  writers  were  credited  for  adding  a  lot  of  praise  and  blame  (both  self  and  on  others)  as  well  as  overemphasizing  conflic=ng  states  of  pleasure  and  pain  according  to  Hutchins  [4].  So,  this  was  a  very  popular  style  to  use  in  this  =me  period.  This  sonnet  can  even  be  read  with  a  sarcas=c  or  over-­‐exaggerated    Klause  points  out  where  Shakespeare  somewhat  over  exaggerates  in  sonnet  35:  “The  Poet  goes  so  far  as  to  take  upon  himself  the  ‘sin’  and  ‘excusing’  his  Friend’s  amiss’”  [1].  The  poet  claims  he  was  robbed  (of  a  lover)  when  really  he  or  she  really  could  have  just  lef  him  for  someone  else.  Klause  states  that  Shakespeare’s  sonnets  can  be  read  as  rhetorical.  If  this  is  the  case,  the  meaning  and  tone  of  the  pieces  change  in  their  en=rety.  Shakespeare  makes  mul=ple  references  to  love,  friendship,  betrayal  and  self-­‐examina=on  in  his  sonnets  and  if  they  were  to  be  taken  as  rhetorical  and  not  serious  as  though  it  sounds,  they  lose  their  meaning  [1].  It  can  be  seen  rhetorical  in  sonnet  40  when  his  friend  commits  an  infidelity.  Klause  claims  that  Shakespeare  wants  to  show  despair  from  the  infidelity,  but  then  shows  a  no=on  that  the  poet  has  known  the  truth  and  has  been  at  terms  with  it  all  along  [1].  Petrescu  shows  something  interes=ng  about  line  4.  When  the  poet  is  talking  about  a  canker  in  a  bud,  it  sounds  like  the  speaker  is  referring  to  an  actual  flower.  However,  Petrescu  points  out  that  bud  being  used  in  that  context  has  a  double  meaning;  the  meaning  it  has  is  buddy  or  friend  [3].  According  to  Petrescu,  Shakespeare  is  referring  to  the  worm  in  the  bud  as  there  is  bad  in  my  friend  [3].    

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