International Journal of Civil Engineering Research.

ISSN 2278-3652 Volume 7, Number 1 (2016), pp. 27-32

© Research India Publications

http://www.ripublication.com

Effect Of Waste Saw Dust Ash On Compaction And

Permeability Properties Of Black Cotton Soil

A. Venkatesh1 and Dr. G. Sreenivasa Reddy

2

1Post Graduate student ofCivil Engineering,

KSRM College (autonomous), Kadapa. 2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

KSRM College (autonomous), Kadapa.

E-mail: 1andhevenkatesh1@gmail. com, transgsr@

2gmail. com

ABSTRACT:

Expansive soils will deteriorate the structures built on them, because of their

volume change behaviour due to the presence of Montmorillonite mineral.

There are various materials used a stabilizers. In this work I used Waste Saw

Dust Ash as stabilizer because, the yearly production of saw dust in the

country is about 13% of volume of wood log. Effective utilization of Waste

Saw Dust Ash as stabilizer could result in solution of land fill problems.

Waste Saw Dust Ash is mixed in soil in 2%, 4%, and 6% in dry weight of the

soil. Standard proctor compaction test and falling head permeability test were

conducted on varying percentages of Waste Saw Dust Ash. It is observed that

5. 4% of dry density was increased in addition of 2% of WSDA and then dry

density was reduced gradually on increasing the percentage of Waste Saw

Dust Ash. Permeability of soil was also reduced.

1. 0 INTRODUCTION:

Infrastructure projects such as highways, railways, etc. requires soil material in very

large quantity. Usually, large areas are covered with highly plastic and expansive soil,

which is not suitable for such purpose. Extensive laboratory tests have been carried

out by various researchers using saw dust ash and have shown promising results for

application of suchexpansive soil after stabilization.

Sawdust is the term given to the product formed after cutting the wood log. It occurs

in various sizes and shapes depending upon the way it is cut. It occurs in abundant

quantity in universe; it is cut and used for human purposes. About 10-13% of the total

volume of wood log is processed into sawdust. Such a proficient amount of sawdust

waste is mostly fed to the landfill disposals. A useful way to modify the geotechnical

28 A. Venkatesh and Dr. G. Sreenivasa Reddy

properties of soil for better field construction by using saw dust ash. Hence two

benefits were obtained.

1. 1 Objectives of the present study:

1. To study the properties of soil.

2. To study the properties of saw dust ash.

3. To calculate the compaction and permeability properties of soil when mixed

with various percentages of saw dust ash.

2. 0 LITERATURE REVIEW:

Research has already been carried out on the use of SDA as partial replacement in

concrete (A. A. Raheem 2012). No doubt, it has been found out that it can act as a

significant pozzolan in concrete. Further, the use of sawdust ash as highway pavement

material has been tested and has shown an increase in particle size distribution of

lateritic soil and maximum which falls under A-2-7 as per AASHTO classification

(Joseph et al. ). Geotechnical properties of south-western Nigerian Soil was again

tested by Ogunribido (2012) who has proved that sawdust ash is an effective soil

stabilizer for lateritic soil and road quality can enhanced by its addition to the soil.

N. Chiranthanaand K. Arun Kumarand Padmanabhan Narayan“STABILITY OF RED

CLAY AND LATERITE SOIL WITH SAWDUST AS AN AMMENDMENT” in the

year 2014.

3. 0 STUDY AREA: Soil sample is collected from KOPPARTHY Village near KADAPA vast area of

black cotton soil. The experiments are conducted in Geotechnical laboratory of

KSRM College of Engineering, which is located near Krishnapuram village,

KADAPA.

4. 0 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:

4. 1 MATERIALS

In this process the materials are locally available soil sample and saw dust. The soil

sample is collectedfrom KOPPARTHY village near Kadapa. The experimental

investigations on soil sample are done to understand the index and engineering

properties of the collected soil sample. This experimental study helps to classify the

soil. The obtained values of index and engineering properties of the soil.

The saw dust was collected in KADAPA area and is air dried for proper burning. The

dried saw dust was burnt under uncontrolled condition and then it was cooled after

completion of burning. Ash was collected.

4. 2 METHODOLOGY

In this study, the soil sample is collected from KOPPARTHY village near Kadapa.

The experimental investigations on soil sample are done to understand the index and

Effect Of Waste Saw Dust Ash On Compaction And Permeability Properties 29

engineering properties of the collected soil sample. This experimental study helps to

classify the soil. The index and engineering properties of the soil are Liquid limit (IS:

2720-Part-5-1970), Plastic limit (IS: 2720-Part-5-1970), Plasticity index, Standard

proctor compaction test(IS code-2131-1981), Free swell index(IS 2720-part-40-1977),

Sieve analysis(IS 2720-part-4-1975), Specific gravity(IS 2720-Part-3, sec-1, 1980),

Variable Head Permeability Test ( IS 2720 Part 18 ).

5. 0 RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS:

5. 1 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON SOIL SAMPLE:

Table 1: Properties of the soil

SL. NO NAME OF THE PROPERTY VALUE

1 Natural moisture content 2%

2 Liquid limit (Wl) 82%

3 Plastic limit (WP) 50%

4 plasticity index (IP) 32%

5 Optimum moisture content by Standard proctor test 17. 2%

6 Maximum dry density 1. 4gm/cc

7 Free swell index 58. 64%

8 Sieve analysis Coefficient of uniformity=3. 8

Coefficient of curvature=0. 98

9 Specific gravity 2. 52

10 Soil classification

5. 1. 2 Properties of Saw Dust Ash

Table 2: Properties of Saw Dust Ash

Chemical Composition

Chemical elements present Percentage composition

SiO2 65. 42

Al2O3 5. 69

Fe2O3 2. 16

CaO 9. 82

MgO 4. 23

SO3 1. 06

Na2O 0. 04

K2O 2. 38

CaCO3 7. 89

Reference: “Improvement of Mechanical Properties By Waste Saw Dust Ash Addition

into Soil” by Shaheer Khan and Haziq Khan

30 A. Venkatesh and Dr. G. Sreenivasa Reddy

5. 1. 3 STANDARD COMPACTION TEST: In order to test the compaction properties of soil with Waste Saw Dust Ash, Standard

Compaction Test was conducted on virgin soil. Each and every time sample from

middle of the compacted soil was collected and placed in the woven to find the

moisture content of the soil after 24 hours. A graph was drawn between the moisture

content obtained and dry density. Optimum moisture content and dry density was

obtained from the graph.

Waste Saw Dust Ash was added to the soil in the percentages of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. At

each and every time Standard Proctor Test was conducted and the Dry Density versus

Moisture content graphs were drawn at each and every time.

Figure 1: COMPACTION CURVE

With increase of WSDA to 2%, the dry density of the soil was increased from 1.

40gm/cc to 1. 46gm/cc. With further increase in WSDA to the soil there is a decrease

in density of the soil was observed.

5. 1. 4 VARIBE HEAD PERMEABILITY TEST:

The permeability test chosen was Falling head Permeability Test, since the soil had a

major portion of clayey matter. Variation in head and the volume collected in

graduated cylinder was measured for noted time intervals. The mould had diameter of

10cm with 11. 46cm height. Moreover, the mould was nearly filled with the soil

sample so the area of mould can be said equivalent to the area of soil. The test was

conducted on soil samples with 2% WSDA, 4%WSDA, 6% WSDA, 8 % Waste

Sawdust Ash, a graph was drawn between percentages of WSDA on X axis and k

value on Y axis.

Effect Of Waste Saw Dust Ash On Compaction And Permeability Properties 31

Figure 2: Permeability vs addition of Waste Saw Dust Ash.

5. 1. 5 RESULTS:

1. At 2% of WSDA was added to the soil the dry density was increased from 1.

40 gm/cc to 1. 46 gm/cc. With further increase of WSDA to the soil the

density starts decreasing.

2. With increase in percentages of WSDA to the soil the coefficient of

permeability was reduced from 0. 18 to 0. 08.

6. 0 REFERENCES:

1. Improvement of Mechanical Properties by Waste Sawdust Ash Addition into

Soil by Shaheer Khan volume 20 2015 EJGE and Haziq khan.

2. Influence addition of Fine Sawdust on the Physical Properties of Expansive

soils in the Middle Nile Delta, Egypt by A. A. Abd El Halim and A. A. El

Baroudy, Journal of Social Science and Plant Nutrition., 2014, 14 (2), 483-

490.

3. Stability of Red Clay and Laterite Soil with Sawdust as an Ammendment by

Arun Kumar. K, Padmanbhan Narayan and N. Chiranthana, International

Journal of Combined Reasearch and Development, eISSN:2321-

225X;pISSN:2321-2241 Volume: 2; Issue: 2; February-2014.

4. Studies on Soil Stabilization by using Bagasse Ash by PrakashChavan and Dr.

M. S. Nagakumar, International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering &

Technology (IJSRET) ISSN: 2278–0882, ICRTIET-2014 Conference

Proceeding, 30-31 August, 2014.

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.2

0 2 4 6 8 10

PERMEABILITY GRAPH OF VARYING PERCENTAGES OF WSDA

32 A. Venkatesh and Dr. G. Sreenivasa Reddy

5. Potential Utilization of Solid Waste (Bagasse Ash) by V. S. Aigbodion, S. B.

Hassan, T. Ause and G. B. Nyior, Journal of Minerals & Materials

Characterization & Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 67-77, 2010.

6. Analysis of Strength Characteristics of Black cotton Soil Using Bagasse Ash

and Additives as Stabilizer by Kiran R. G and Kiran. LInternational Journal of

Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 2 Issue 7, July – 2013.