eee 7&8 syllabus.doc

R.V.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE-560 059(Autonomous Institution under VTU, Belgaum)

SCHEME OF TEACHING & EXAMINATION

Semester:-VII Department: Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Sl.No.

Sub-Code Title BOSTeaching Scheme

Hours / WeekExamination

Theory Tutorials Practical No. of credits1 07EE71 Switchgear and Protection EEE 04 - - 04

2 07EE72 Digital communication EEE 04 - - 04

3 07EE73X Elective D* EEE 04 - - 04

4 07EE74X Elective E* EEE 04 - - 04

5 07EE75 High Voltage Engineering(Theory and practice)

EEE 03 01 03 05

6 07EE76 Power System Analysis II(Theory and practice)

EEE 03 01 03 05

Total 22 02 06 26

R.V.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE-560 059(Autonomous Institution under VTU, Belgaum)

SL. NO. Elective D* SL. NO. Elective E*

07EE731 Utilization of electrical power 07EE741 Electromagnetic Compatibility

07EE732 Digital protection of power systems 07EE742 Power system Dynamics and stability

07EE733 Power system operation and control 07EE743 H.V.D.C Power Transmission

07EE734 Discrete Control Systems 07EE744 AI & its applications to Power systems

SCHEME OF TEACHING & EXAMINATION

Semester:-VIII Department: Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Sl.No.

Sub-Code Title BOSTeaching Scheme

Hours / WeekExamination

Theory Tutorials Practical No. of credits

1 07HSS81 Principles of Intellectual Property Rights HSS 02 - - 02

2 07HSS82 Human Skills & Social Service EEE - - - 02

3 07EE83 Industrial Drives and applications EEE 04 - - 04

407G8XX Elective G*

(Inter-disciplinary Elective)XXX 04 - - 04

5 07EE85 Project Work & Seminar EEE - - 20 12

Total 10 - 20 24*Elective G :Students of VIII Semester EE to opt for interdisciplinary electives offered by other departments

NOTE: An educational tour is to be undertaken, compulsorily, after the examination of 7th semester and before the commencement of 8 th semester classes, for duration of 3 to 5 days.

Sub-Code Elective G* Sub-Code Elective G*

07G801 Bio Informatics (BT) 07G807 Management Practice for Business Excellence (IEM)

07G802 Finite Element Analysis (Civil) 07G808 JAVA and J2EE (ISE)

07G803 Green Technology (Chemical) 07G809 Virtual Instrumentation (IT)

07G804 Information Security (CSE) 07G810 Industrial Robotics (ME)

07G805 Renewable Energy Sources (EEE) 07G811 Space Technology and Applications (TC)

07G806 Embedded Systems (E&C) 07G812Nuclear and Radiation Techniques for Engineering

Applications (Physics)

SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTIONSub Code : 07EE71 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week: 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: The art of protective relaying in power systems has assumed great importance all over the world with tremendous expansion in interconnection of power systems. The protection is needed not only in short circuit but also against any other abnormal conditions.

PART-A

Fuses: Introduction, Definitions, Fuse characteristics, Types of fuses, applications of HRC fuses, selection discrimination. 03 Hrs.

Circuit breakers: Electric arc, arc characteristics, theories of current interruption, energy balance and recovery rate theory, transient recovery voltage in simple three phase circuits, rate of rise of restricting voltage, resistance switching, current chopping, interruption of capacitive currents.

08 Hrs.Classification of circuit breakers, brief study of construction and working of bulk oil and minimum oil CB, Air break and Air Blast CB, principle of DC circuit breaking, SF6 , Vacuum CB and VDC breakers, ratings of CB and testing of circuit breakers. 08 Hrs. Introduction to Relays: What is relaying, Power system structural considerations, Power system bus configuration, Nature of relaying, Relay operating principles, Detection of faults, Relay designs, Electromechanical relays, Solid state relays, Computer relays, Other relay design considerations, Control circuits 02Hrs.

Current and Voltage Transformers : Steady state performance of current transformers, Transient performance of current transformers, Special connections of current transformers, Liner couplers and electronic current transformers, Voltage transformers, Coupling capacitor voltage transformers, Transient performance of CCVTs, Electronic voltage transformers. 03Hrs.

PART - B

Over current Protection of transmission :Plug setting, time setting, radial feeder and ring mains protection, earth fault and phase fault, examples on relay settings, instantaneous over current relays, Directional over current relays and polarizing. 04Hrs.

Bus, Reactor and Capacitor protection: Introduction, percentage differential Relays ,Linear couplers, directional comparison, Partial differential protection, High impedance voltage relays, Moderately high impedance relay ,shunt reactor protection, Dry type reactors, Oil immersed reactors, shunt capacitor bank protection, static VAR compensator protection, Static compensator. 04Hrs.Transformer Protection: Problems associated with percentage differential protection, harmonic restraint and harmonic blocking schemes, restricted earth fault protection, Buchhloz relay for incipient faults 04Hrs.Rotating machinery protection: Stator earth fault, phase fault, stator current unbalance protection, Rotor overheating, earth fault protection, excitation failure and protection against motoring, generator-transformer unit protection 04Hrs. Distance Protection of Transmission lines: Impedance, reactance and admittance characteristics, relay settings for 3-zone protection, out of step blocking scheme, blinder relay, numerical relays for transmission line protection, microprocessor based impedance, reactance and mho relays, effect of arc resistance on the performance of distance relays. 05Hrs.

Pilot protection of transmission lines: introduction, communication channels ,tripping v/s blocking, Directional comparison blocking, Directional comparison unblocking, Underreaching transfer trip, Permissive overrreaching transfer trip, Phase comparison relays, Pilot wire relaying, multiterminal lines 03Hrs

Outcome: Students will be exposed to the switching equipments and their application in power system protection. It enables the students to gain an in-depth knowledge in practical implementation of protection schemes and the modern trends in power system relaying.

Reference Books :

1. Badri Ram ,”Power System Protection and Switchgear”, – Tata Mc-Graw Hill Pub., 20042. SunilS.Rao , “Switchgear And Protection”,-Khanna Publishers, 11th edition, 1999. 3. R.Ravindra Nath & M.Chande, “ Power System Protection and Switchgear”,– Wiley Eastern

Ltd.4. Staley H.Horowitz & Arun G.Padke, “Power system relaying” ,Third Edition, John Wiley &

Sons Inc. 1995.5. ABB switch gear manual, 11th edition.

Scheme of Semester End Evaluation: The question paper will consist of FOUR questions in PART - A, FOUR questions in PART - B. Student should answer FIVE full questions selecting not more than THREE questions from each part.

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DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONSub Code : 07EE72 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week: 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: The subject deals with in depth analysis of communication systems working on digital signals. The syllabus is aimed at making the fundamental concepts stronger. The subject deals with communications at computing frequencies as well.

PART-A

Introduction: Introduction to amplitude and frequency modulation concepts, Modulation and multiplexing. 03 Hrs

Digital Communication Techniques: Digital Transmission of Data, Parallel and serial Transmission, Data Conversion, pulse Modulation, Digital Signal Processing. 05 Hrs

Multiplexing and Demultiplexing: Multiplexing principles, Frequency Division Multiplexing, Time-Division multiplexing, Pulse-Code Modulation. 05 Hrs

The Transmission of Binary Data in Communication Systems: Digital Codes, Principles of Digital Transmission, Transmission Efficiency, Modem Concepts and Methods, Wideband Modulation, Base band Modem Techniques, Error Detection and Correction, protocols. 06 Hrs

Optical Communication: Optical Principles, Optical Communication Systems, Fiber Optic Cables, Optical Transmitters and Receivers, Wavelength – Division Multiplexing, Passive Optical Networks.

05 HrsPART–B

Introduction to computer communication networks: Layered tasks, OSI Model, Layers on OSI Model, TCP/IP, Connection oriented & connectionless services. 04 Hrs

Data link control: Framing- binary bits, byte & word, Flow and error control- problems on flow control protocols, Noiseless channels and noisy channels, HDLC, Interaction with physical layer and network layer. 06 Hrs

Wired LAN: Ethernet, IEEE standards- IEEE802.2, 802.3, token network and ring network, Standard Ethernet. Changes in the standards, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet. 07 Hrs

Routing protocols: Delivery, forwarding, routing protocols- Leaky bucket protocol, controlled flow protocol 07Hrs

Outcome : The knowledge of the communication systems using digital signals will help the students to understand the basic concept of communication engineering. This will also help them to implement the same technology in interconnected power systems for effective operation.

Reference Books:

1. Louis E. Frenzel, “Principles of Electronic communication systems”, The McGraw-Hill Companies.

2. Simon Haykin,”An Introduction to Analog and Digital communication “, John Wiley.3. George Kennedy ,”Electronic Communication System”- The McGraw-Hill Companies.

4th edition, 20064. B Forouzan, “Data communication and Networking”, 4th Ed, TMH, 2006


************UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER

Sub Code : 07EE731 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week: 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: To appraise the students about the practical, domestic and industrial utilization of electric power. To provide a comprehensive skill, set to launch a career in industry or utilities. To provide opportunity for students to work as part of teams on multidisciplinary projects. To provide students with a sound foundation in the mathematical, scientific and engineering fundamentals necessary to formulate, solve and analyze engineering problems and prepare them for graduate studies.

PART – A

HEATING AND WELDING: Advantages and methods of electric of heating, resistance ovens, induction heating, dielectric heating, the arc furnace, heating of building, electric welding, resistance and arc welding, control device and welding equipment. Microwave ovens. 10 Hrs

ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS: Fundamental principles, extraction, refining of metals, electroplating. Factors affecting electro deposition process, power supply for electrolytic process. 06 Hrs

ILLUMINATION : Laws of illumination, lighting calculation, factory lighting, flood lighting, street lighting, different types of lamps, incandescent, fluorescent, vapor and CFL and their working, Glare and its remedy. 08 Hrs

PART – B

ELECTRIC TRACTION: System of electric traction, train movement and energy consumption, speed time curve, mechanics of train movement, tractive effort, power and energy output from driving axeles, factors affecting specific energy consumption / co-efficient of adhesions, selection of traction motors, control of traction motors, energy saving by series parallel control, regenerative braking, specific energy, factors affecting specific energy consumption. Introduction to locomotives with 3-phase induction motor. 16 Hrs

INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES: Configuration and performance of electrical vehicles, tractive effort in normal driving, transmission requirement, vehicle performance and energy consumption. Introduction to fuel cells and their application in hybrid vehicles. 08Hrs

Outcome : Students know where the bulk power is being utilized. The knowledge of the subject will also help the students in getting career opportunities in industry or utilities. The latest technology in automobile industries is introduced through a chapter on hybrid vehicles.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Soni, Gupta and Bhatnagar”A course in Electrical Power”, -. Dhnapat Rai & Sons,19852. Dr. S.L.Uppal , “Electrical Power”, Khanna Publications.,New Delhi.3. Partab H, “Art & Science of Utilisation of Electric energy”, Dhnapat Rai & Sons ,2004.4. Partab H, “Modern Electric Traction”, Dhnapat Rai & Sons.,2002

5. Mehrdad, Ehsani, Yimin Gao, Sahastien.E.Gay, Ali Emadi, “Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles”- CRC Press.,2009.

Scheme of Semester End Evaluation for theory:

The question paper will consist of EIGHT questions FOUR from PART-A and FOUR from PART-B. Student has to answer FIVE full questions at least TWO questions from each part.

************DIGITAL PROTECTION OF POWER SYSTEMS


Objective: Protective relays are evolved from electromechanical type to present processor based numerical or digital relays. The increase in demand for electric power has resulted in large interconnected power systems which require fast, accurate and reliable system protection. Digital relaying(numerical or computer relaying) can cater to the needs of ever expanding power systems.

PART – ARelay operating principles: Introduction, detection of faults, elements of protection systems, relay design considerations, International practices. 04 Hrs

Introduction to digital protection: Development of Digital Protection, Historical background, Expected benefits of computer Relaying, Computer Relay Architecture, Advantages and disadvantages of digital protection, components, control circuits, applications, Logical Structures for digital Protection, Design of Digital protection and Control Devices. Digital filtering techniques.

12hrs Numerical protection: Introduction, Block Diagram of Numerical Relay, protection philosophy, basic hardware and protection schemes, protection algorithms, microprocessor application to protective relays. 08hrs

PART – B

Microprocessor based Protective Relays: Introduction, Over current Relays, Impedance Relay, Directional Relay, Reactance Relay, Generalised mathematical expression for Distance Relays. Measurement of R and X Mho and offset Mho Relays, Quadrilateral Relay, Generalised interface for distance relaying. Digital Relaying Algorithms, Differential relaying technique Walsh Hadanarel transform technique, Rationalised Harr Transform Technique, Discrete Fourier Transform Technique, Removal DC offset, Microprocessor implementation of Digital Distance Relaying Algorithms.

16 hrs

Developments in new relaying principles: Introduction, travelling waves on single phase lines and three phase lines, differential Relaying with phasors, Adaptive Relaying, examples of Adaptive relaying, Other recent developments. Introduction to substation automation and control 08hrs

Outcome: The study of digital protection enables the students to understand the advanced technology used in power system relaying. The knowledge of numerical protection and the developments in the related field gives broad openings and challenges for research in the modern power system protection.

Reference Books:1. Paithenkar Y.G. & Bhide S.R. , “Fundamentals of power system protection”, Prentice Hall India2. Badriram & Vishwakarma D N, “Power system Protection and Switch Gear”, Tata McGraw Hill, First Edition, 1995.3. Arun G Padke & James Thorp, “Computer Relaying for power system”, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition, 1995. 4. Advancement in microprocessor based protection and communication, IEEE Tutorial Course 1997


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POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL


Objective: The subject exhaustively deals with ways of maintaining voltage profiles at load buses of a power system when the system is loaded. The student is exposed to various computer algorithms targeting at maintaining voltage profiles by injecting reactive power at weakest of the bus at the receiving end.

PART – A

CONTROL CENTER OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEMS: Introduction to SCADA, control center, digital computer configuration, automatic generation control, area control error, operation without central computers, expression for tie-line flow and frequency deviation, parallel operation of generators, area lumped dynamic model. 08 Hrs

AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL: Automatic voltage regulator, automatic load frequency control, A VR control loops of generators, performance of A VR, ALFC of single area systems, concept of control area, multi-area systems, POOL operation-two area systems, tie-line bias control. 08 Hrs

CONTROL OF VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE POWER: Introduction, generation and absorption of reactive power, relation between voltage, power and reactive power at a node, single machine infinite bus systems, methods of voltage control, sub synchronous resonance, voltage stability, voltage collapse. 08 Hrs

PART – B

POWER SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION: Optimal system operation with thermal plants, incremental production cost for steam power plants, analytical form of generating cost of thermal plants, constraints in economic operation, flow chart, transmission loss as a function of plant generation, the B coefficients, examples. 08 Hrs

UNIT COMMITMENT: Statement of the problem, need and importance of unit commitment, methods-priority lists method, dynamic programming method, constraints, spinning reserve, and examples. 08 Hrs

POWER SYSTEM SECURITY: Introduction, factors affecting power system security, power system contingency analysis, detection of network problems, network sensitivity methods, calculation of network sensitivity factor, contingency ranking. 08 Hrs

Outcome: The concepts of the subject will enhance the knowledge base of the student to cater to the needs of power industry as well as research. The knowledge of automatic control of power system stability, power system optimization and security enhance the job opportunities in power industry as well as motivates the students to pursue higher studies in the related field.

Reference Books:

1. G.L.Kusic, “Computer Aided Power System Analysis”- PHI.1989.2. I J Nagarath and D P Kothari, “Modern Power System Analysis”- TMH, 1993.3. Wood & B A J F Woollenberg., “Power generation, operation and control”- John Wiley and Sons, 1984.4. B. M. Weedy, “Electric Power Systems”,John Wiley & Sons, 4th edition, 1998. Scheme of Semester End Evaluation: The question paper will consist of FOUR questions in PART - A, FOUR questions in PART - B. Student should answer FIVE full questions selecting not more than THREE questions from each part.

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DISCRETE CONTROL SYSTEMS


Objective: Control system analysis and design technique in discrete domain has taken the importance due to the advent and growth of digital computer control of systems using both classical as well as state space methods. In recent years in automation industry as well as in research & development under aerospace and defense are widely adapting digital processing of signals where the processed signals are used to control the various parameters. The course is designed to make the student familiar with modeling, analysis and design of control systems using discrete time signals.

PART – A

Z-PLANE ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE-TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS:Impulse Sampling and data hold, obtaining the Z-transform by convolution integral method, reconstruction the original signals from sampled signals, the pulse transfer function, realization of digital controllers and digital filters. 10 Hrs

DESIGN OF DISCRETE TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS BY CONVENTIONAL METHODS: Mapping between the s-plane and the z-plane, stability analysis of closed loop systems in the z-plane, Jury’s stability test, Use of bilinear transformation and extension of Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability, transient and steady state response analysis of digital control systems. Dead beat response at sampling instants, design based on the root locus method, design based on frequency response method, analytical design method. 14 Hrs

PART - B

STATE SPACE ANALYSIS: State space representation of discrete time systems, Different types of state models of discrete time systems, solution of discrete time state space equations, pulse transfer

functions matrix, discretization of continuous time state space equations, Liapunov stability analysis, Use of Liapunov’s stability theorems for stability analysis of discrete data control systems. 12 Hrs

POLE PLACEMENT DESIGN OF CONTROLLERS AND OBSERVERS: Controllability, observability, useful transformations in state space analysis and design, , design of state feedback controllers via pole placement, design of full and reduced order state observers and design of servo systems using pole placement technique. 12 Hrs

Outcome: The knowledge of analysis and design of control system in discrete domain not only enhances the students’ analytical ability and also improves the knowledge of advances in automation industry. It motivates the students to pursue higher studies and research.

Reference Books:

1. Kutsuhiko Ogata, “Discrete-Time Control Systems”- 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2003.2. M. Gopal, “Digital Control and State Variable Methods”- 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.3. Richard C. Dorf, Robert H. Bishop, “Modern Control System”- 11th Edition, Pearson Education, 2008.4. John F. Dorsey, “Continuous and Discrete Control Systems”- Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.5. Moudalya, K.M.,”Digital Control System”- John Wiley & Sons, 2007


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ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY


Objective: The widespread use of electronic circuits for communication, computation, automation and other purposes makes it necessary for diverse circuits to operate in close proximity. All too often these circuits affect each other adversely. Electromagnetic interferences has become major problem for circuit designers and it is likely to become more sever in future. To reduce the risk of external noise harming the general conditions electromagnetic compatibity should be a major design objective.

PART – A

INTRODUCTION: Designing of electromagnetic compatibility, EMC regulation, typical noise path and use of network theory. Methods of noise coupling, method of eliminating interferences.MIL-STD explanation 6 Hrs

CABLING: Capacitive coupling, magnetic coupling, effect of shield on capacitive and magnetic coupling, magnetic coupling between shield and the inner conductor, shielding to prevent magnetic radiation, shielding a receptor against magnetic fields, shield transfer impedance, experimental data, example of selective shielding, co-axial cable versus shielded twisted pair braided shields, effect of pigtails, ribbon cable, electrically long cables 8Hrs GROUNDING: Safety grounds, signal grounds, single point ground systems, multiple ground systems, functional ground layout. Practical low frequency grounding, hard ware grounds, single ground reference for a circular amplified shields, grounding of cable shields, ground loops. Low frequency analysis of common mode choke, high frequency analysis of common mode choke, differential amplifiers, shields grounding at high frequencies, guard shields and guarded meters

10Hrs

PART – B

BALANCING AND FILTERING: Balancing, power supply decoupling, decoupling filters, amplifier decoupling driving capacitive loads ,high frequency filtering, system band width modulation and coding. 08 Hrs

SHIELDING : Near fields and far fields, characteristics and wave impedances, shielding effectiveness, absorption loss, reflection loss, composite absorption and reflection losss,summary of shielding equation, shielding with magnetic material, experimental data.appertures , wave guidebelowcut off, conductive gaskets, conductive windows, conductive coatings, cavity resonance, brooding of shields 10 Hrs

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE: State generation, human body model, static discharge and ESD protection in equipment design, Software and ESD protection, ESD versus EMC 06Hrs

Outcome : As the student study various tests and methodology relating to noise signals and have the knowledge of the source of electromagnetic interference the EMI effects can be easily avoided in the design of the circuits.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1.”Noise reduction techniques in electronics systems” 2nd edition, Henry .W. Ott, John Wiley publication 19882.”Electrostatic Damage in Electronics: Devices and Systems “William D Greason John Wiley and sons INC 1986.


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POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS AND STABILITY


Objective: The modeling of various components of power system is studied. The models are used in analyzing the power system subjected to different types of faults. The transient stability of power system is dealt in detail and the method of improving transient stability is highlighted using power system stabilizer.

PART – A

Introduction: steady state, transient and dynamic stability of power systems, Eigen - value analysis, excitation systems, voltage regulators, power system stabilizers. 07 Hrs

Power System Modeling: Classical model; modeling of generators- Park’s transformation, analysis of steady state performance equivalent circuits, saturation models and transient analysis of synchronous machines. Modelling of excitation systems and governors - excitation modeling, standard block and state equations. Prime mover control system. Transmission systems - D-Q transformation, static var compensators and loads. 12 Hrs

Dynamics of single machine connected to infinite bus: system model, synchronous .machine model, Model1.1, initial conditions, system simulation, SVC model 05 Hrs

PART – B

Sub synchronous resonance: Sub synchronous resonance in series compensated systems. 04 Hrs

Transient stability: Effect of excitation and prime mover on transient stability; discrete supplementary controls – dynamic braking; 08 Hrs

Voltage stability: voltage stability v/s angle stability, voltage instability and collapse, control of voltage instability, PV and QV curves; reactive power optimization and control – series and shunt capacitors.On Line Tap Changing transformers and excitation control. 12 Hrs

Outcome: The modeling of various components of power systems and the use of these models in the analysis of faults and transient stability improves the analytical skills of the students. The concepts of the subject will enhance the knowledge base of the student to cater to the needs of power industry as well as research.

Reference Books:1. K.R.Padiyar, “Power system dynamics – Stability and control”, Interline Publishers, Bangalore,

1996.2. Carson W Taylor, “Power system voltage stability”, McGraw Hill Inc., 1994.3. T.J.E.Miller, “Reactive Power Control in Electric Power Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, 1982.4. Seldom B Crary, “Power system stability”, Vol.1, John Wiley and Sons, 1955.5. E.W Kimbark, “Power System stability”, Vol.1, John Wiley and Sons, 1962.


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H.V.D.C POWER TRANSMISSION Sub Code : 07EE743 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week: 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: The static conversion of power from A.C to D.C. and from D.C to A.C constitutes the central

process of H.V.D.C transmission. The constraints affecting the economic design of power generation and transmission are very different. Thus the use of a transmission system inflexibly tied to the requirements imposed by the generators will, in general produce less economical power systems; A.C transmission over long distances, especially via underground cable requires frequent shunt compensation and causes stability problems. A.C interconnections will increase the fault level of the overall system. D.C transmission is free from these problems and has lower losses and design costs.

PART - A

GENERAL ASPECTS OF DC TRANSMISSION AND COMPARISON OF IT WITH AC TRANSMISSION: Historical sketch, constitution of EHV AC and DC links, Kinds of DC links, existing HVDC projects, Limitations and Advantages of AC and DC transmission. Principle application of DC Transmission, Economic factors, future of DC transmission. Modern trends in DC transmission. 12 Hrs

CONVERTER CIRCUITS: Valve Characteristics, Properties of converter circuits, assumptions, single phase, three phase converters, pulse number, additional six pulse converter circuits, choice of best circuits for HV DC circuits, Twelve pulse cascade of two bridges. 08 HrsValve tests, recent trends, Thyristor protection circuits. 04 Hrs

PART - B

ANALYSIS OF THE BRIDGE CONVERTER: Analysis with grid control but no over lap, Analysis with grid control and with over lap less than 60 deg, Analysis with overlap greater than 60 deg, complete characteristics of rectifier, Inversion 09 Hrs

CONTROL OF HVDC CONVERTERS AND SYSTEMS: grid control, basic means of control, power reversal, limitations of manual control, constant current versus constant voltage, desired features of control, actual control characteristics, constant -minimum -Ignition –angle control, constant current control, constant –extinction –angle control, stability of control, Multi terminal line.

08 HrsMIS OPERATION OF CONVERTERS: Bypass valves, arc backs, short circuit on a rectifier, commutation failure, arc through, misfire, Quenching. 03 Hrs

PROTECTION: General, DC reactor, voltage oscillations and valve dampers, current oscillations and anode dampers, DC line oscillations and line dampers, clear line faults and reenergizing the line.

04 HrsOutcome: Student will know the problems in AC transmission and how it is over come in DC transmission and other advantages by using HVDC transmission. The problems encountered in Converter circuits and how to overcome. They will also be introduced to Multi terminal HVDC links, Student will know the latest technology used in transmission.

Reference Books:1. Kimbark E.W. , “Direct current Transmission”, Vol 1, Wiley 1971.2. Adamson C Hingorani N G “ High voltage direct current power transmission”, Grraway

ltd, London, 1960.3. Arrillage , ‘ High voltage direct current transmission”, Peter pregrinus , London , 1983.4. Padiyar K R , “High Voltage Direct Current Transmission”.,Wiley Eastern Ltd, New

Delhi,1990.


************AI AND ITS APPLICATION TO POWER SYSTEMS

Sub Code : 07EE744 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week : 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective:AI can be in general applied to any field. The knowledge of power system is represented using the AI language LisP. The required conclusions related to a power system are drawn based on the available problem inputs and constraints in a systematic manner.

PART – A

Introduction: What is AI? Definitions, history and evolution of AI, essential abilities of intelligence and AI applications. 05 Hrs

AI Languages: LisP and ProLog: Introduction, Sample Segments, LisP Primitives, list manipulation functions, function predicates, variables, iteration and recursion, property lists, sample programs for examples from electric power systems 09 Hrs

Problem Solving: Problem characteristics, problem search strategies, forward and backward reasoning, AND-Or graphs-goal trees, game trees, search methods- informed and uninformed search, breadth first search and depth first search methods. 08 Hrs

PART – B

Knowledge representation: Logical formalisms: prepositional and predicate logic: syntax and semantics, wffs, clause form expressions, resolution-use of RRTs for proofs and answers examples from electric power systems, Non-monotonic logic: TMS, modal, temporal and fuzzy logic

10 Hrs

Structured representation of knowledge: ISA/ISPART trees, associative/semantic nets, frames and scripts, examples from electric power systems. 06 Hrs

Expert system architecture: Basic components, rule based systems, forward and backward chaining, ES features, ES development, ES categories, ES tools and examples from electric power systems.

10 HrsOutcome: The knowledge of the representation of the power system components and the related interconnection is taken as inputs to be represented in the form suitable for AI. The conclusions related to power system problems are drawn by applying the principles of AI directly , without actually solving by conventional method.

Reference Books:1. D.W.Patterson, “Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems”, Prentice Hall India,

19922. Charniak E. and Mcdermott D., “Introduction to AI”, Addison-wesley, 1985.3. Rich, Elaine, Kevin Knight, “Artificial Intelligence”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 19914. Nils J.Nilson, “Principles of AI”, Berlin Springer-Verlag, 1980.


************HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING

Sub Code : 07EE75 CIE Marks : 100+50Hrs/ Week: 3+1+3 SEE Marks : 100+50Credits : 05 Exam Hours : 03+03

Objective: To introduce high voltage fundamentals and bring out its relevance to power engineering. To create awareness of the importance of electrical insulation. To create openings in core electrical industry.

PART – A

INTRODUCTION: Advantages of transmitting electrical power at high voltages. Need for generating high ac, dc and impulse voltages in a lab. 1 Hrs

GENERATION OF HV AC & DC: Working, advantages and limitations of HV & cascaded HVtransformers & series resonant sets. Tesla coil. HVDC: Voltage doubler circuit, Cockroft-Walton type HVDC set. Calculation of regulation, ripple and optimum number of stages for minimum voltage drop 5 HrsGENERATION OF IMPULSE VOLTAGES:Definition of standard lightning and switching impulse voltages. Analysis of impulse forming circuits. Single & multi-stage impulse generators. Marx circuit. Rating of impulse generator components. Principle of trigatron and three electrode gap. Recording impulses on a CRO. Principles of switching surge and impulse current generation. 5Hrs

MEASUREMENT OF HIGH VOLTAGES: Sphere gap as a measuring device; construction, limitations. Electrostatic and generating voltmeters - principle, construction and limitations. Chubb and For-tescue method for HVAC measurement. Factors affecting HV measurements; general

precautions. Construction of potential dividers. R,C and RC dividers. Condition for frequency independent response, compensation dividers. Working principle of peak voltmeter. 4 Hrs

BREAKDOWN PHENOMENA: Gaseous dielectrics: Primary and secondary ionization processes. Townsend’s criteria for breakdown. Limitations of the theory. Streamer’s theory of breakdown. Space charge effects. Cathode processes. Corona discharges. Breakdown in electro-negative gases. Paschen’s law. Formative and statistical time lags. Breakdown in solid dielectrics: Intrinsic, avalanche, thermal & electromechanical modes. Breakdown of liquid dielectrics: Suspended particle theory, electronic breakdown, and cavity and electro-convection breakdown. 6 Hrs

PART – B

DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS: Parallel and series equivalent circuits. Concept of relaxation & complex dielectric constant. Schering bridge. Earthing and shielding. Wagner’s device. Measurement of insulation resistance. Working and use of a megger. Tracking and treeing principles. 4 Hrs

PARTIAL DISCHARGES: Physical basis of partial discharges. Effects of PD. Methods of detection. Straight and balanced methods. Factors affecting the discharge detection. 4 Hrs

OVER-VOLTAGE PHENOMENA: Nature of lightning. Lightning protection schemes. Working principle of lightning arrester. 3 Hrs

HIGH VOLTAGE TESTS ON ELECTRICAL APPARATUS: Insulation NDT techniques. Dry and wet ac testing. Tests on bushings, transformers, switchgear, cables, capacitors and suspension insulators 3 HrsELECTRIC FIELD BASED INSULATION DESIGN: Field pattern in homogenous & multiple dielectrics. Concept of equipotential and field lines. Need for stress equalization. Stress control using stress rings, corona shields & screens. Introduction to FDM and FEM. 5 Hrs

PART C

RELAY AND HIGH VOLTAGE LAB

1. IDMT characteristics of o/v & u/v relay (solid stare or electromechanical type).

2. Generation of standard lightning impulse & to determine η & energy of impulse generator.

3. Determination of 50% flashover voltage of air for point-plane & plane-plane gaps.

4. Current-time characteristics of fuse.

5. Operating characteristics of microprocessor based (numeric) over-current relay.

6. Operating characteristics of microprocessor based (numeric) over/under voltage relay.

7. Generator protection -Merz-Price- protection scheme.

8. Spark-over characteristics of plane-plane and point-plane electrodes under HVAC and HVDC in air.

9. Measurement of HVAC and HVDC using standard spheres.

10. Breakdown strength of transformer oil using oil-testing unit.

11. Field mapping using electrolytic tank for co-axial cable.

12. Field mapping using electrolytic tank for parallel plate capacitor.

Outcome: Students are introduced high voltage fundamentals insulating materials and its relevance to electrical power engineering. Students will be more confident and appreciate the concept of the power systems better after going through the laboratory course. Reference Books:

1. E. Kuffel and W.S. Zaengl, “High Voltage Engineering Fundamentals”- Elsevier, 20052. M.S.Naidu and V Kamaraju, “High Voltage Engineering”, TMH, 2007.3. C.L.Wadhwa,”High Voltage Engineering”, - New Age Intnl. Pvt. Ltd., 1995.4. R.D.Begamudre, “EHV AC Transmission Engineering”, –Wiley Eastern, 1987.

Scheme of Semester End Evaluation for Theory: The question paper will consist of FOUR questions in PART - A, FOUR questions in PART - B. Student should answer FIVE full questions selecting not more than THREE questions from each part.

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POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS II

Sub Code : 07EE76 CIE Marks : 100+50Hrs/ Week: 3+1+3 SEE Marks : 100+50Credits : 05 Exam Hours : 03+03

Objective: Mathematical modeling and solutions on digital computers constitute an extremely viable approach to system analysis and planning studies for a modern day power system with its large size , complex and integrated nature. The problems at the end of each chapter apply the methods and generally require the aid of a digital computer to implement the solution. In the process of coding and execution, the user understands how the methods apply to the actual network, understands the algorithm, and can easily vary the parameters of the problem.

PART – A

FORMATION OF NETWORK MATRICES : Introduction, Elementary graph theory- oriented graph, tree, co-tree, basic cut-sets, basic loops; Element-node and bus incidence matrices; Primitive network- impedance form and admittance form ; Formation of YBUS- by method of inspection ( including transformer off-nominal tap setting ), by method of singular transformation, Formation of Bus impedance matrix by step by step building algorithm ( with mutual coupling elements ). 10 hrs

LOAD FLOW STUDIES : Introduction, Power flow equations, Classification of buses, Operating constraints, Data for load flow; Gauss-siedal method- Algorithm and flow chart for PQ and PV buses , Acceleration of convergence; Newton Raphson Method – Algorithm & flow chart for NR method in polar coordinates (numerical problem for one iteration only ); Algorithm for Fast Decoupled load flow method; Comparison of load flow methods. 10 hrs

PART – B

ECONOMIC OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEM : Introduction, performance curves, Economic generation scheduling neglecting losses ; Iterative techniques; Economic Dispatch including transmission losses- approximate penalty factor, iterative technique for solution of economic dispatch with losses; Derivation of transmission loss formula. 08 hrs

TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDIES : Introduction , Numerical solution of Swing equation – Point-by-Point method, Modified Euler’s method, Runge-Kutta method, Milne’s predictor corrector method, Representation of power system for transient stability studies –power system equations for load representation, network performance equations. Examples of transient stability calculations. 12 hrs

PART C

POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB

1. Determination of power angle diagrams for salient and non salient pole synchronous machines, reluctance power, excitation, e.m.f and regulation.

2. Swing curve i) under sustained fault, critical clearing angle and time, ii) when fault is cleared.

3. Formation of Y Bus for p systems by inspection method and by singular transformation method with & without mutual coupling,.

4. Determination of bus currents, bus power and line flows for a specified system voltage(bus) profile.

5. Formation of Z-bus by using Z-bus building algorithm. 6. Write a program to perform load flow analysis using Gauss-Siedel method (only PQ bus).7. Formation of Jacobian Matrix in polar form without PV bus ( not exceeding 4 buses).8. To determine fault currents and voltages in a single transmission line systems with star – delta

transformers at a specified location for SLGF and DLGF.9. Load flow analysis using Gauss-Siedel method, NR method , FDLF method for both PQ and

PV buses.10. Optimal generator scheduling for thermal power plants.

Note: Pgm.1- 7 are simulation experiments using MATLAB/C++ and Pgm 8-10using MI-POWER package.

Outcome: Students are introduced to traditional system analysis and also exposed to the use of latest simulation software to analyse different load flow methods, economic load dispatch and transient stability analysis.

Reference Books:1. Stag, G.W and EI-Abiad A H, “Computer Methods in Power System Analysis”- McGraw Hill

International Student Edition, 1968.2. Pai, M.A , ”Computer Techniques in Power System Analysis “–TMH, 2nd edition, 2006.3. Nagrath, I.J and Kothari , “Modern Power System Analysis”-, D.P.,- TMH, 2003.4. Singh, L.P. , “Advanced power system Analysis and Dynamics” :, New age International (p) Ltd,

New Delhi, 2001.5. Dhar,R.N , “Computer Aided Power System Operations & Analysis” –-TMH, New Delhi, 1984.

Scheme of Semester End Evaluation for Theory: The question paper will consist of FOUR questions in PART - A, FOUR questions in PART - B. Student should answer FIVE full questions selecting not more than THREE questions from each part.

************PRINCIPLES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

Sub Code : 07HSS81 CIE Marks : 50Hrs/ Week: 2+0+0 SEE Marks : 50Credits : 02 Exam Hours : 02

Objective: To encourage invention, investment and innovation and disclosure of New Technology and to

recognise and reward innovativeness. To promote innovation and technical development. To promote linkages to industries and stimulate research through developing and utilizing novel

technologies.

1. Introduction: Basic concepts of IPR, Nature and scope of IPR, Commercial exploitation of IPR, IPR and economic development, Types of Intellectual property, Advantages of IPR, Intellectual property in specific fields –Plant breeder’s rights, Plant variety protection, A brief history national and international legal regime governing industrial and Intellectual property. 03 Hrs

2. Patents: Introduction, Basic concepts, Object and value of patent law, Advantages of patent to inventor, patentable inventions, inventions are not patentable, How to obtain patent, Biotechnology patents and patents on computer program, Government use of inventions, Infringement of patents and remedy for infringement, Case study for patent engineering. Patent Acts 1970 as amended in 1999, 2002, & 2005. 07 Hrs

3. Trade Marks: Basic concepts, Definition, Functions, different kinds of trademarks like service marks, collective trademarks, certification trademarks and textile trade marks, registrable and non registrable marks, Establishing trade mark right, use and registration, Registrability &distinctive character, Good will, infringement and action for trade marks, Passing off, Trade mark and domain names, Comparison with patents, industrial design and copy right, Case Studies.

05 Hrs

4. Copy Right: Introduction, Nature and scope, Subject matter, Related or allied rights, the works in which copy right subsists, Rights conferred by copy right, Copy right protection in India, transfer of copy rights, right of broad casting organisations and of performer, computer soft ware and IPR and Case Studies. 06 Hrs

5. Industrial Design, Integrated Circuits, Geographical Indications and Confidential information: Introduction, basic concepts and scope and nature of rights process of registration rights, available after registration, transfer of interest or rights, made available under respective legislations such as assignment, transmission and licenses; Reliefs and Remedies and Action for infringement of the rights; Appeals, Case studies. 05 Hrs

Outcome: Articulate the applicable source, scope and limitations of the core Intellectual Property disciplines

such as Patent, Copyright, Trademark and Trade secret Law. Exposure to various Legal issues pertaining to Intellectual Property Rights”

References Books:

1. P Narayan, “Intellectual Property Law”, Eastern Law House, New Delhi and Kolkata, 2005, EAN: 9788171771813

2. Prabuddha Ganguly, “Intellectual Property Rights: Unleashing Knowledge Economy”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 1st Edition, 2001. ISBN: 0074638602

3. Cornesh W .R, “Intellectual Property Rights – Patents, Copy Right, Trade Mark, Allied Rights”, Universal Law Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd, Delhi, 2001

4. S.R Myneni, “Law of Intellectual Property”, Asia Law House, Hyderabad, 2001

Web1. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000.

[www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html.]2. Patents by N.R.Subbaram, Pharma book syndicate.3. www.iptoday.com

Scheme of SEE:Question paper will be set to cover both descriptive and objective questions, with weightage of 40% for objective and 60% for descriptive questions.

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INDUSTRIAL DRIVES AND APPLICATIONS


Objective: The knowledge of selection of drives for various applications is essential to an electrical engineering graduate. The students will learn the process of selecting a proper frame for a suitable application, also the application of different types of drives for various application, both AC and DC motor drives are studied in details.

PART – A

Introduction to Electrical Drives: Advantages of Electrical Drives, Selection of motor for electric drives, speed torque characteristics for DC machines, four quadrant operation, two quadrant operation of converter fed DC machines, fundamental torque equation, nature and classification of load torques.

07 Hrs.Heating and Cooling of Motors: Determination of rating and size of motors heating time. Curve, determination of final temperature, cooling curves determination of heating and cooling time constants load time characteristics, over load capacity of motor, short term and continuous ratings of motors. 07 Hrs.DC Motor Drives :Starting braking and running characteristics of DC motor, a DC motor fed by a half controlled bridge converter (both single and 3 phase) A DC motor controlled by 3 phase semi, fully controlled bridge converters. Four quarter operation of DC motor drives, rectifier control of DC series motor, different types of chopper, chopper controlled series motor. 10 Hrs.

PART – B

Induction Motor Drives: Balanced and unbalanced voltage operation of induction motor, explanation with torque-slip curves, starting and braking of induction machines, dynamic braking of induction motors, explanation of breaking torque. 08 Hrs.

Control of I/M: Stator voltage control-advantages and disadvantages, voltage/frequency control of induction motors when fed from voltage source inverters, control of applied voltage in the above said drives, current source inverter fed induction motor, comparison of voltage and current source inverter fed drives. Rotor resistance control of slip ring induction motor, explanation of torque-slip characteristics, slip power recovery of a slip ring induction motor, both static Kramer and Scherbius drives, Vector control of induction motor drives. 12 Hrs.

Industrial Drives: Rolling mill drive, cement mill drives, selection of drives for paper mill, machine tool drives, textile mill drives and other industrial drives. Merits and demerits of synchronous motor for drive applications. 04 Hrs. Outcome: The knowledge of the process of selecting a proper frame for a suitable application, also the application of different types of drives for various application, both AC and DC motor drives improves the students’ ability to perform better in the core electrical industry. The students will also gain the knowledge in modifying the characteristics of motors to suit the application and also introduced to thermal analysis of motors.

Reference Books:1. G.K Dubey , “Fundamentals of Electrical Drives”- -2nd Edition, 5th reprint Narosa

Publishing House,Chennai, 2002.2. N.K De and P.K. Sen , “Electrical Drives” - PHI, 20073. S.K Pillai, “A First Course On Electric Drives”, -Wiley Eastern Ltd,1990.4 V.R. Moorthi, “Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications”,-

Oxford university Press, 2005 Scheme of Semester End Evaluation: The question paper will consist of FOUR questions in PART - A, FOUR questions in PART - B. Student should answer FIVE full questions selecting not more than THREE questions from each part.

*********ELECTIVE- G

(Interdisciplinary Elective Offered by EEE Department)

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Sub Code : 07G805 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week: 4+0+0 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 04 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: The objective of the course is to familiarize the students with the basic concepts of nonconventional energy sources and allied technological systems for energy conversion. Focus is on solar energy conversion, wind energy conversion and bio mass based energy conversion with their application perspective. This course also serves the objective of imparting the importance of non-conventional energy conversion technologies in the present day energy crisis scenario.

PART-A

An introduction to energy sources: Energy consumption as a measure of prosperity, world energy futures, brief discussion of conventional energy sources and their availability, non-conventional energy sources. Comparison between conventional and Non-conventional methods, Applications of Non–conventional energy. 05 Hrs

Solar energy: Solar constants, solar radiation earth’s surface, solar radiation geometry, solar radiation measurements. Relevant problems on design and analysis. 06 Hrs

Solar energy collectors: Physical principles of conversion of solar radiation into heat – flat plate Collectors, advantages of flat plate collectors, applications, concentration collectors, focusing type, advantages & disadvantages of concentrating type collectors over flat plate collectors. 08 Hrs

Solar energy storage: Requirement of solar energy storage system, solar pond, solar thermal power production 05 Hrs

PART-B

Application of solar energy: Solar water heating, space heating, brief discussion of Solar electric power generation, photo voltaic system for power generation, applications of solar photo voltaic systems, advantages & disadvantages, solar distillation, solar furnace, solar cooking, solar green house. Relevant problems on design and analysis. 08Hrs

Wind energy: Basic principles of wind energy conversion, Nature of wind, power in the wind, maximum power wind energy conversion, site selection consideration, basic concepts of WECS, Classification of WECS, advantages & disadvantages of WECS. Application of wind energy. Environmental Aspects, Recent applications and development, relevant problems on design and analysis. 08Hrs

Energy from Bio-mass: Bio-mass as a renewable source of energy, different types of bio-mass fuels, gas –liquid-solid, bio-mass conversion technologies ,Wet-process-dry process, Photosynthesis, Bio-gas generation, factors affecting Bio-digestion, classification of bio-gas plants, continuous & batch types, fixed drum types, & flogging drum types, advantages & disadvantages, Janatha model: KVIC type, gasification of biogas and different types of gasifier . Relevant problems on design and analysis. 08 Hrs

Outcome : Students will be introduced to various method of unconventional energy sources which is not been exploited to a large extent. A lot of emphasis is given to explore various possibilities. The students are also introduced to the concept of Global Warming.

Reference books:

1. Twiddle, Weir J, “Renewable energy sources”- ELBS,1996. 2. G.D.Rai, “Non-Conventional Sources of Energy” , Khanna publishers , New Delhi,2000.3. Sukhatme N, “Solar Energy”, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 1984.4. William.C.Dikkinson , “Solar energy hand book” – edited by ASISES Network.


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PROJECT WORK AND SEMINAR

Sub Code : 07EE85 CIE Marks : 100Hrs/ Week : 0+0+20 SEE Marks : 100Credits : 12 Exam Hours : 03

Objective: The purpose of project work is to develop the student's experimental and analytical capabilities and inculcate logical thinking. The project-based learning method engages students in a deeper learning process where not only emphasis is given to the final product, but also the process to get there. Project work and seminars emphasize also on communication, presentation skills and team work.Guidelines:

1. Project can be undertaken in-house. It can also be undertaken in an Industry or Research organization.

2. Students have to form batches with 4 students in each batch, through a formal letter to the HOD indicating batch members well in advance before the end of seventh semester.

3. Students are required to suggest the broad title/area and plan the project in consultation with any member of faculty.

4. The detailed schedule of project related events including seminars for assessment will be notified during the interlude period of 7th and 8th semesters.

5. Attendance for Project work will be treated on par with any other practical/ laboratory course. The guide shall maintain a separate register for marking attendance, status of project, suggestions etc., which serves as project diary.

6. The project approval will be through a preliminary seminar which will be conducted within two weeks of the commencement of the semester. A synopsis and the problem definition, project plan, objectives and expected outcome need to be presented during the seminar.

7. Continuous Internal Evaluation: The continuous internal evaluation is to be done for maximum marks of 100 as detailed below :

Sl. No. Component Marks1 Progress Seminar 102 Final Seminar 203 Project Report 204 Guide’s Assessment 50

8. Semester End Examination: The Semester end examination will be for maximum marks of 100 to be awarded jointly by internal and external examiners based on the project report, presentation and viva voce.

Outcome:Students will be able to design, plan and execute experiments or analyze engineering phenomena theoretically, interpret data. It also ensures a natural transition to a higher level of professional preparation as complement to educational goals.

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eee 7&8 syllabus.doc

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semester end evaluation

maintaining voltage profiles

power system optimization

pursue higher studies

renewable energy sources

dhnapat rai