educational resources information center (eric) abstracts
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Journal of Computer Assisted Learning (1985) 1, 40-44
Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) Abstracts
Editor’s introduction Investigations in all disciplines have some starting point. It is rare in any field to be in the position of having no predecessors. However, a few years ago this must have seemed to be the case for students and research workers who had chosen the field of educational computing. Though still relatively sparse, work in the area is exanding rapidly and, without care, wheels may be re-invented. One of the aims of the Journal is to assist those engaged in research and development by reporting current work and by making accessible work already completed.
For many years, the Educational Resources Information Center in Ohio State University has been abstracting papers in journals world-wide. It also receives a hugh volume of unpublished reports. These abstracts together form a unique reference source. Fortunately, the ERIC abstracts exist as a computer database which can be interrogated from the UK. For the last 8 years an interrogation based on topics of interest to those working in educational computing has been undertaken monthly by the University of London Library for the Educational Computing Group in the Centre for Science and Mathematics Education at Chelsea College. This kind of interrogation can, of course, be undertaken by any research worker.
The Journal, with the collaboration of ERIC and Chelsea College, will publish a selection of abstracts. The interrogation profile may be tuned to make it more valuable, and readers are invited to identify areas of particular interest.
The ERIC abstracts are of two kinds: papers in published journals, and submitted documents. The former are accessible through normal library channels, but ERIC has a copy agreement on documents and makes available photocopies or microfiche of documents at a nominal charge. The microfiche medium is by far the most convenient and cheapest to use, and extensive use of this service is made at Chelsea.
The abstracts in the Journal are a direct reproduction of computer output received in London. The key to the data fields is as follows:
AB Abstract DE Descriptor LA Language AN Clearinghouse No. DT Document Type PN Project No. AU Author GL Government Level PY Publication Year CH Clearinghouse Code ID Identifier RN ReportNo. CN Contract/Grant No. JA Journal Announcement SP Sponsoring Agency CP Country of Publication JN Journal Name TI Title CS Corporate Source
The Journal is considering other services which it may be able offer. The British Library databases unfortunately failed to provide an alternative source: their records appear to provide bibliographic data rather than abstracts. Readers are invited to suggest additional sources and services that the Journal might provide.
ERIC Documents, indicated in the Clearinghouse Number field by an ED prefix, are available from: ERIC Document Reproduction Services, PO Box 190, Arlington, VA 22210, USA.
40
ED23
4753
IR
oine
ig
PLATO Education G
rouD
. Sumarv o
f Ac
tlvl
tles
. 1982-83
I1 1 In
ois
Unlv
.,
Urba
na.
Computer-Based Edu
catl
on Res
earc
h
Feb
1983
lap.;
For
rela
ted
docu
ment
s. see I
R 010 8
22-824
Repo
rt
No
.: CERL-E-24
EDRS
Price -
MFO
l/PC
Oi Plus Pos
tage
. La
ngua
ge:
Engl
lsh
Docu
ment
Type’ PRO
JECT
DE
SCRI
PTIO
N (1
41
) Ge
ogra
phic
So
urce
: U
.S.:
Il
llno
is
Jour
nal
Anno
unce
ment
: RI
EFEB
84
This
Pe
poPt
de
scri
bes
acti
viti
es
of
the
PLAT
D Ed
ucat
ion
Grou
p (PEG). th
e ed
ucat
iona
l re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opme
nt
aim
of
the Computer-based Edu
catl
on R
esea
rch
Labo
rato
ry (CERL) at
the
Univ
ersi
ty of Il
llno
is at Ur
bana
-Cha
mpai
gn.
Staff.
fund
lng
sour
ces.
an
d an o
verv
iew
are pre
sent
ed fo
r th
e fo
ur pro
ject
s summarized.
alon
g wi
th
addi
tion
al.
project-specific
info
rmat
ion.
A
desc
ript
ion
of th
e PL
ATO
Corr
ecti
ons
ProJect
(PCP)--which pro
vide
s in
mate
s of Il
lrno
is
adul
t co
rrec
tion
al
facilities wi
th
acce
ss
to
basi
c sk
ills
in
stru
ctio
n an
d to
in
stru
ctio
n in se
vera
l vo
cati
onal
an
d a
few
adva
nced
ac
adem
ic
areas--discusses ou
trea
ch.
note
wort
hy fe
atur
es a
nd pr
oble
ms.
curriculum dev
elop
ment
(r
eadi
ng.
lang
uage
. an
d ma
them
atic
s).
the
SV
S IV in
stru
ctio
nal
mana
geme
nt sy
stem
. PC
P in
stru
ctio
nal
design r
esea
rch.
and
fu
ture
pla
ns.
flua
lita
tive
int
erpr
etat
ion
of graphs
for
Stud
ents
of
basi
c Sc
ienc
es
and
prot
otyp
e mi
croc
ompu
ter
cour
sewa
re
for
teac
hing
hig
h sc
hool
al
gebr
a ar
e su
btop
ics
in
a de
scri
ptio
n of th
e PL
ATD
Math
emat
ics
ProJect.
whic
h is
invo
lved
in
cour
sewa
re
rese
arch
. de
velo
pmen
t,
impl
emen
tati
on,
and
eval
uati
on
in
basi
c ma
them
atic
s.
Addi
tion
al pr
ojec
ts su
mmar
ized
are t
he C
onti
nuin
g St
udy
of
the
Use of
CCmp
uter
s in Ma
them
atic
s In
stru
ctio
n.
and
the Ha
ndic
ap
Tech
nolo
gy
Prog
ram.
Re
fere
nces
are li
sted
fo
r ea
ch pro
ject
su
mmar
y. (LMM)
Desc
ript
ors:
*A
dult
Ba
sic
Educ
atio
n:
Cogn
ltiv
e Pr
oces
ses:
*C
ompu
ter
Assi
sted
In
stru
ctio
n: Co
mput
er M
anag
ed In
stru
ctio
n:
*Com
pute
r Pr
ogra
ms:
*Cor
rect
iona
l Ed
ucat
ion:
El
emen
tary
Se
cond
ary
Educ
atio
n:
Inst
ruct
iona
l De
sign
: *M
athe
mati
cs
Inst
ruct
ion:
Mi
croc
ompu
ters
: Ph
ysic
al
Disa
bili
ties
: Po
stse
cond
ary
Educ
atio
n: Special
Educ
atio
n
Lab.
ED23
9745
PS
Ol40
35
CAI
for
CDA
: Th
eory
an
d Co
npet
ency
H
aW
ke
s. El
len
G.
5 NOV (983
161.1.:
Pape
r pr
esen
ted
at th
e An
nual
Co
nven
tion
of
the
Nati
onal
As
soci
atio
n fo
r th
e Ed
ucat
ion
of
Youn
g Ch
ildr
en (A
tlan
ta. GA
. No
vpmb
ar 3-6. 1
983)
ED
RS Price
- M
rOl/
PC
Ol
Plus
Postaae.
- La
ngua
ge
Enql
Ish
Docu
ment
Tv
pe
POSI
TION
PAP
ER
(12
0).
rD
NFER
ENCE
PA
PER
(150)
Geog
raph
ic So
urce
U.S
; N
ew
Vo
rk
Jour
nal
Annnrinrernent ’
RI
EJUN
84
A casc is ma
de for the
us
e Of co
mput
er as
sist
ed in
stru
ctio
n (
CA
I)
in Ch
ild
flevelopm~nt Asso
ciat
e (CDA) tr
aini
ng pro
gram
s co
nduc
ted
on c
ampu
s in
conj
unct
ion
with
an
ed
ucat
iona
l curr icu 1
(im
o
r c
on
dt
~
ted off -campus in
con jan
ct ion
w
i th
chi
1 d
carp
pro
gra
ms
. The
foll
owin
q po
ints
ar
- ma
de:
(1)
CAI
can be
used
tO supplom-nt an
d am
plif
y a
teac
her’
s effectiveness:
(2
)
C4l
initially
requ
ires
on
ly
rl mi
nima
l in
trod
iict
ion to c
ompu
ter
u5e:
f 3 )
Comp
uter
-ba
sed
SP I f
- ins tro
t t io
na 1
mate
rial
5 ev
olve
in
coor
dina
tion
wi
th ch
ange
s in no
tion
al po
licy
*n
d pract?ce: (
4)
Ce
rtai
n co
mpnn
ents
of
CD
A
competency-based tra
inin
g ap
pear
di
rect
ly relatod to co
mput
eri7
atio
n;
(5)
r.P
A tr
aine
es using
CAI
gain
kn
owle
dge of
wa
ys
co
mput
er IPchnoloUy ca
n he
use
d in
pres
choo
l sntt~nqs: (
fi) Co
mput
er simltlation wi
th feedback to
trni
ne0s
’ ro-,ponseS pr
ovid
Fs
oppo
rtun
l tips
for
incr
ease
d le
arni
ng:
an
d
(7)
When
emp
loye
d in co
njun
ctio
n wilir
pret
ests
an
d po
stto
sts.
CA
I morlulcs
can
tro
tosa
ri in in
divl
dval
ized
~~lf-evnluation
inte
rvie
ws to
facilitate lon
inln
g an
d
conc
ept
deve
lopm
ent.
Fly
way of ~Ilustrating th
i? last
~s
e.
s-
gmen
ts of
a cb
l pr
ngra
m ba
sed
on
a specific
cDA
compe*ency are
pres
pnte
d.
Crmf
ront
ing
trai
nees
wit
h Ihvpntl~alical Situ
atro
ns.
the
prog
ram
Seqm
ents
in
dica
to
how
comp
ilte
r-ba
sed
self
-ins
trur
tinn
can enh
ance
th
eore
tica
l li
nkag
e bq
twee
n CD
A ro
mpet
enci
ps
rela
ted
to g
ulda
nce
and
riiscipl rne a
nd c
an t
each
di
scip
line
st
rate
gies
ba
sed
on
beha
vior
ist.
in
tern
ctio
nist
. an
d no
nd >
re
v t
i ue
appr
oach
es.
(RH
Usscriptorn’
‘Chi
ld C
orqivers:
*Com
petp
ncy Ea
sed
Teac
her
Educ
atio
n:
+Com
pute
r As
sist
ed
Inst
rurt
ion
; *C
ompu
ter
Simu
lati
on:
Forl
v Ch
ildh
ond
Educ
atio
n: Pn
stso
rond
ary
Educ
atio
n :
+Pre
scho
ol Te
ache
rs:
Teac
her
Eval
uati
on:
‘Tra
inin
g Id
onti
f ip
vs:
‘CDA
: CD
A ro
mpet
encv
3:
Chil
d Oa
velo
pmen
t As
soci
ate
ED23
8401
IR
0109
23
State
of Yashlngton c
onputer Use S
urve
y.
Beal
. Ja
ck L.:
And
Othe
rs
Wash
ingt
on Un
iv..
Se
attl
e. Co
ll.
of Ed
ucat
ion.
Ma
y 19
83
65p.
EORS
Prlce -
MFOi
/PC0
3 Plus Pos
tage
. La
ngua
ge:
Engl
lsh
Docu
ment
Ty
pe:
RESE
ARCH
RE
PORT
(1
43):
TE
ST.
OUES
TION
NAIR
E
Geographic Sou
rce:
U.S
.: Wa
shin
gton
Jo
urna
l An
noun
ceme
nt:
RIEM
AY84
This r
epor
t pr
esen
ts th
e re
sult
s of a
sprl
ng 1982 s
urve
y of
a ra
ndom
sa
mple
of
Wash
ingt
on pu
bllc
sc
hool
s wh
lch
sepa
rate
d findings acc
ordi
ng to
sch
ool
level
(ele
ment
ary.
mld
dle.
ju
nior
hi
gh.
or hl
gh sc
hool
) an
d di
stri
ct size (
eith
er less th
an or
grea
ter
than
2.000
enro
llme
nt).
A
brie
f re
vled
o
f pr
evio
us
Stud
les
and
a de
scrl
ptlo
n of
the
surv
ey
proc
edur
es
are
foll
owed
b
y
the
find
lngs
fo
r each of
the
15
to
plcs
add
ress
ed
by th
e survey: (
I) perc
enta
ge of
schools url
ng c
ompu
ters
: (2
) ro
tati
on of
co
mput
ers
amon
g sc
hool
s:
(.3)
numb
er
of
comp
uter
s in in
dlvi
dual
sc
hool
s:
(4) ho
urs
per
week
ea
ch
comp
uter
is
used: (
5)
br
ands
an
d ty
pes
of c
ompu
ters
: (
6)
wa
ys co
mput
ers
are use
d:
(7
) us
e of
software in
the
clas
sroo
m:
(8) su
bjec
t areas usl
ng so
ftwa
re:
(9) software sources; (ifl)
peri
pher
als
used
: (1
1) pe
rcen
t of
st
aff
uslng c
ompu
ters
: (12) ava
llab
ilit
y of
in
serv
ice
tral
nlng
: (i
3) availability
of
comp
uter
-rel
ated
cu
rrlc
ula;
(14)
exis
tenc
e o
f co
mput
er-o
rlen
ted
Stud
ent
lear
ning
obj
ectl
ves:
an
d (1
5)
proj
ecte
d co
mput
er-r
elat
ed
expe
ndit
ures
. A
summ
ary
of t
he f
lndings for eac
h ed
ucat
iona
l le
vel
concludes the
rep
ort.
A
4-Item ref
eren
ce
list
and
15
tabl
es
are
Incl
uded
. A
copy
of
the
ques
tlon
nair
e an
d ad
ditl
onal
St
udy
data
are app
ende
d. (LMM)
Oescrlptors:
Comp
uter
As
sist
ed
Inst
ruct
lon:
*C
ompu
ter
Drle
nted
Pr
ogra
ms;
*Com
pute
r Pr
ogra
ms:
*Com
pute
rs:
Comp
uter
Sclence Edu
catl
on:
Elem
enta
ry
Seco
ndar
y Ed
ucat
ion:
Input
Outp
ut De
vlce
s: In
serv
lce
Teac
her
Educ
atlo
n:
*Mic
roco
mput
ers:
*P
ubli
c Sc
hool
s:
Oues
tlon
nair
es:
School
Dist
rict
Sp
endi
ng:
State Sur
veys
: Us
e Studies
Iden
tlfl
ers:
Co
mput
er Us
ers:
*C
ompu
ter
Uses
In Ed
ucat
ion:
*Yashlngton
(16
0)
EU23
9603
IR0109R9
A Revision o
f Le
arni
ng a
nd l
eaching =
Re
visi
on del ap
rend
er
Reqgini. HOTRCS C
Re
vist
a ri
el InStitlito dP
Investiqacion~s Educ
ativ
as.
v9
n4
3 No
v 1
98
3
Nov
1988
7
ip.:
Tr
ansl
atio
n o
f Re
visi
on d
el Ap
rend
er y
del
Ensn
nar
publ
ishe
d b
v
the
Revi
sta
del
Inst
itut
o de
Invc
stiy
acio
nns
Educ
ativ
as.
euen
os Aii'es. be
glna
on pag
e 14
y de
l en
sena
r.
ED
RS
Pr
ice
~ MF
Oi/P
COi
Plus P
ostage.
Language: Eng
lish
: Sp
anis
h Do
cume
nt Ty
pe:
REVI
EW LI
TERA
TURE
(0
70
) Re
ogra
phic
so
urce
Ar
gent
ina
Jour
nal
Anno
unce
ment
' RI
EJUN
84
This
re
view
of
thP
fi
ndin
gs
of re
cent
co
gnit
ive
scie
nce
rese
arch
pe
rtai
ning
to le
arni
ng a
nd te
achl
ng
focu
ses
on
h.jw
science
rln
d
math
emat
ics
are being ta
ught
. an
alyz
es h
ow th
e pr
esen
ce
or
the
cv
mput
er
demo
nstr
ates
a
need
fo
r ra
dica
l re
thin
king
of bo
th
the
theo
ry an
d th
e pr
acti
ce O
F le
arni
ng.
and
poin
ts
out
that
if
ed
ucat
ors
Fail
to co
nsid
er
the
cognitive
fund
amen
tals
of
how
stud
ents
le
arn.
c-tcrs
will
not
roht
ribu
te to
an
y ge
nuin
e im
prov
emen
t in
educ
atio
n 4
summ
ary
of work condiicted b
y ILauren
B.
Resn
ick
emph
asiz
es h
er
arti
cle.
'"
Math
emat
ics an
d Sc
ienc
e Le
arni
ng:
A N
ew
which des
crib
es a
numb
er OF
co
gnit
ive
stud
ies
that su
gges
t ne
w approaches to
teac
hing
, gives a
n acc
ount
of
fi
ndin
gs obt
aine
d from th
e an
alys
is o
f mul
tipl
e ob
serv
atio
ns.
and
off
ers
VIOWS
on th
e le
arne
r.
A re
view
of re
sear
ch wo
rk by
Seym
our
Pape
rt
focuses
on
hi
s vi
ews
pres
ente
d in "M
inds
torm
s:
Chil
dren
. Co
mput
ers,
an
d Po
werf
ul
Ideas.'
in
whic
h ed
ucat
ion
and
computers an
d th
e re
lati
onsh
ip b
etween t
he t
wo a
re exa
mlne
d.
The
Idea
s o
f Al
fons
o Lo
pez
Quin
tas
and
seve
rat
othe
r re
sear
cher
s a
rp
br
iefl
y noted. Ni
ne references are l
iste
d.
(Author/LMM)
Descriptors- *Co
mput
er P
ssis
ted
rnst
ruct
lon:
r
Ep
fstm
log
y:
lnst
ruct ioha I In
nova
t ion:
Inst
ruct
ion
a 1 Ha
ter {a
le:
*Lea
rnin
g Processes: Leirrning The
orie
s:
-Mat
hema
tics
Edu
cati
on:
+M
~r
fia
Re
sear
ch:
*Science Edu
cati
on;
'leach
ing Me
thod
s Identifiers: Lop
ez O
uintas (Al
rons
o):
*Pap
ert
(Sey
mour
1
ED
23
69
99
H
E0
16
77
0
Center S
tudy
Group o
n Learning B
De
velo
pmen
t Re
port
fl
row
n. An
n. And
Othe
rs
Nati
onal
ln
st.
of E
duca
tlon
(ED). Was
hing
ton.
OC
30 S
ep 1983
31p.
FOR5 P
rice -
MF
Oi/P
COZ
Plus P
ostage.
Language En
glis
h Do
cume
nt
Ty
pe
: EV
ALUA
lIVE
R
EP
OR
T
11
42
) Ge
ogra
phic
So
urce
U.S.; Dis
tric
t of Co
lumh
ia
Jour
nal
Anno
unce
ment
: RI
EAPR
84
Government: Federal
Rese
arch
re
comm
enda
tion
s co
ncer
ning
le
arni
ng an
d de
vnlo
DmPn
t th
at
are
appr
opri
ate
for re
sear
ch
and
deve
lopm
ent
Cent
ers
SiiPPortCd by
the Na
tton
al In
stlt
ute
of
Educ
atio
n IN
IE)
are
offered to
the
dire
ctor
of NI
E.
Miss
ion
stnt
rmen
ts a
l'e
Dr'esented on th
e fo
llow
ing
areas: l
lter
acy
(reading. WrItlng.
and
fnglish skill
deve
lopm
ent)
: le
arni
ng a
nd un
ders
tand
ing
math
emat
ics
and
science; edu
catl
onal
te
chno
logy
: th
e le
arni
ng
Process; an
d ho
me a
nd c
ommu
nity
influences on le
arnr
ng.
Fach
mission St
atem
ent
cons
ider
s th
e following co
ncer
ns:
the
nati
onal
need, CUr
Pent
st
atus
o
f research. ne
ed
fo
r a
ce
nte
r.
and
prio
rity
re
sear
ch to
pics
. Th
e mi
ssio
n st
atem
ent
on
th
e le
arni
ng
proc
ess
sugg
ests
th
at studies o
f sc
hool
le
arni
ng are
nc-d
ed
~n
a na
tion
al ce
nter
wh
ere
lear
ning
. te
achr
ng.
an
d
scho
0)in
g are com
bine
d.
not
frag
ment
ed.
Rese
arch
to
ptcs
that
are id
entl
fied
for t
his
center in
clud
e:
lear
nlng
me
chan
isms
. ge
npra
l le
arni
ng
skil
ls.
and
cogn
itjv
e an
alys
es
of
teaching
and
know
ledg
e tr
ahsm
issl
on.
The mis
sion
st
atem
ent
conc
ernl
nq
ediicationdi te
chno
logy
su
gges
ts that th
ere
is
a ne
ed
for
bn
qlc
rv5r
am-h
on
th
e social,
cogn
itlv
e.
and
tducat1gnal
imp1 (ca
t ion%
of
new
te
chno
logy
. in
clud
ing
COnv
lute
r-t~
nsPd
Innti'uction. Fi
nall
y.
it
is not
ed that th
e pr
opos
e0 ce
nter
o
n
ho
me an
d co
mmun
ity
Influences On
lear
nlng
wo
uld
empnasile
indt
vldu
al
and
grou
p (cultural. .
econ
omic
) diver-sIty a
nd
spec
lric
han
diCa
PDin
g conditions. (
SW)
Desc
ript
ors:
Co
mput
er As
sist
ed
Inst
ruct
ion:
*E
duca
tton
al
UPSe
arch
: 'E
duca
tion
al Te
cnno
logy
: En
glis
h In
stru
ctlo
n. Fa
mrly
In
flue
nce:
Fe
dera
l Al
d:
High
er Ed
ucat
lon:
La
ngua
ge Skills.
Lear
ning
Pro
cess
es:
*Lit
erac
y:
Math
emat
ics
Skil
ls:
Readrng
Sk11
1x:
*Res
earc
h an
d De
velo
pmen
t Centers; Sci
ence
In
stru
ctlo
n , S~cial Ba
ckgr
ound
; St
uden
t Ch
arac
teri
stic
s: Wrrt~ng s
kt
l IS
Identifiers: *Mission Sta
teme
nts:
*N
IE R
and
D Ce
nter
s a
nd
Re
gion
al Edlicational La
bs
EU23
4751
IR
0108
i7
Wic
roc
oq
wte
rs: Media or M
ania
Lo
pez.
An
toni
o M..
Jr.
[Oct
19
82
i6p.i
Pape
r pr
esen
ted
at th
e Annual Co
nfer
ence
of
the
Amer
ican
As
soci
atio
n of School
Libr
aria
ns
(2nd.
Hous
ton.
TX
. Oc
tobe
r 21-24. 1982).
EORS
Price -
MFO
i/PC
Ol Plus P
osta
ge.
Lang
uage
: En
glis
h Do
cume
nt
Type:
RE
VIE
W LI
TERA
TURE
(070): PO
SITI
ON P
APER
Geog
raph
ic So
urce
: U
.S.:
Lo
uisi
ana
Jour
nal
Anno
unce
ment
: RI
EFEB
84
In e
xami
ning
miC
rOCO
mput
er us
es $n edu
cati
on,
cons
ider
atio
n mu
st be g
iven
to
ha
rdwa
re.
Soft
ware
, and
most im
port
antl
y. th
e pe
ople
who wil
l us
e th
em.
The
educ
atio
nal
soft
ware
mar
ket
is
bein
g affected by
ha
rdwa
re
manu
fact
urer
s.
educ
atio
nal
publ
ishe
rs.
inde
pend
ent
software hou
ses,
us
er gr
oups
, an
d cl
assr
oom
teac
hers
. Ea
ch of t
hese
gro
ups
has
clea
rly
defined
land
not
nece
ssar
ily
compatible)
obje
ctiv
es fo
r pr
oduc
ing
soft
ware
. Pr
oble
ms in software eva
luat
ion
lncl
ude
the need f
or
a so
ftwa
re c
lass
ific
atio
n sy
stem
for edu
cati
onal
pu
rpos
es.
On
e
poss
ible
cla
ssif
icat
ion
syst
em
coul
d begin
by
ca
tego
rizi
ng
educ
atio
nal
soft
ware
as ad
mini
stra
tive
So
ftwa
re.
computer
assi
sted
in
stru
ctio
n (C
AI1
Software, o
r pr
ogra
mmin
g la
ngua
ges.
an
d su
bdiv
idin
g th
ese
cate
gori
es.
Hard
ware
as
pect
s in
clud
e the
use O
F de
dica
ted
proc
esso
rs.
as in v
ideo
games and
in
tera
ctiv
e vi
deo
peri
pher
als.
Av
ticl
es
on
educ
atio
nal
medi
a ha
ve
incr
easi
ngly
fo
cuse
d on
micr
ocom
pute
rs
beca
use
of
thei
r de
crea
sed
costs and
siz
e. an
d th
eir
Incr
ease
d ca
pabi
liti
es.
AS
computers ha
ve be
come
es
sent
ial
to mo
dern
communications
syst
ems,
so
co
mmun
icat
ions
sy
stem
s ha
ve b
ecom
e es
sent
ial
to
prov
ide
acce
ss t
o da
taba
ses
of
info
rmat
ion
thro
ugho
ut
the
coun
try.
We
mu
st be r
easo
nabl
e in o
ur ap
proa
ch to t
he m
edia
an
d be a
ware of
the
mania
that
can
lead
to
inte
llec
tual
ir
resp
onsi
bili
ty.
(LMM
) De
scri
ptor
s:
*Adoption
(Ide
as):
*C
ompu
ter
Assi
sted
In
stru
ctio
n: 'Computer
Mana
ged
Inst
ruct
ion;
*C
ompu
ter
Programs
: Da
taba
ses;
*M
icro
comp
uter
s:
Prog
rami
ng
Lang
uage
s:
Tech
nolo
gica
l Ad
vanc
emen
t Id
enti
fier
s:
.Com
pute
r Us
es
in
Educ
atio
n;
Inte
ract
ive
syst
ems
(120
): CON
FERE
NCE
PAPE
R (
(5
0)
rp
h)
Ed29
3505
IR
5120
33
leac
hing
Online
Info
rmat
ion
Retr
ieva
l in
Unit
ed K
ingd
om
Wood
. Fr
ance
s E.
Jour
nal
of
the
Amer
ican
So
ciet
y for Inf
orma
tion
Sci
ence
. v3
5 ni p53-55 Jan
1984
Av
aila
ble
from
: UM
I La
ngua
ge:
Engl
ish
Docu
ment
Ty
pe:
REVI
EW LI
TERA
TURE
(0
70
) Pr
esen
ts r
evie
w o
f re
cent
an
d cu
rren
t wo
rk
in
the
Unit
ed
King
dom
on
deve
lopi
ng
comp
uter
as
sist
ed
lear
ning
aids
(tape-slide pre
sent
atlo
ns.
teac
hing
pa
ckag
es.
simu
lati
ons
and
emul
atio
ns o
f co
mmer
cial
re
trie
val
serv
ices
) fo
r the tea
chin
g of on
line
~nformat~on
retr
ieva
l at
li
brar
y sc
hool
s.
Seve
ntee
n re
fere
nces
are cit
ed.
(EJS)
Desc
r,pt
ors.
*A
udio
visu
al
Aids
: Au
diov
isua
l In
stru
ctio
n;
*Com
pute
r As
sist
ed
Insti-uction
: Fo
reig
n Co
untr
les;
*I
nfor
mati
on R
etri
eval
: In
stru
ctio
nal
Desi
gn:
*Ins
truc
tion
al
Mate
rial
s;
*Lib
rary
Ed
ucat
ion:
Li
brar
y Sc
hool
s:
*Onl
ine
Systems; Sim
ulat
ion
Libr
ary
Scho
ols.
Identifiers- *Vnrted Kin
gdom
ED23
4768
1
R0
10
84
0
Fron
tier
s In
Educ
atio
nal
Conp
utln
g.
Asso
ciat
ion
for
Educ
atio
nal
Data
Systems Ann
ual
Conv
enti
on P
roce
edin
gs
(2lst.
Port
land
. Or
egon
. Yay 9
-13, 1
983).
Asso
ciat
ion
for
Educ
atio
nal
Data
Sy
stem
s. Wa
shin
gton
. D.
C.
May
1983
40
0p.:
Best
COPY
avai
labl
e.
For
rela
ted
docu
ment
s. se
e E
D 20
1 410 and
ED 223 239
. Av
aila
ble
from:
Asso
ciat
lon
for
Educ
atio
nal
Data
Sy
stem
s,
1201 16th S
tree
t. NW
. Wa
shin
gton
. DC
20
036
(52
0.0
0. pe
r co
py).
EDRS Pr
ice
- M
FO
I Plus P
osta
ge
PC No
t Av
rlia
ble
from
ED
RS.
Lang
uage
: Engl Ish
Docu
ment
Ty
pe:
CONF
EREN
CE PR
OCEE
DING
S (0
21
1:
POSI
TION
PA
PER
Geog
raph
ic s
ourc
e: U.S.: Or
egon
Journal
Anno
unce
ment
: RI
EFEE
84
The
98 pap
ers
in th
is c
olle
ctio
n ex
amin
e a
wide
va
riet
y of
topi
cs
rela
ted
to
the
latest te
chno
logi
cal
deve
lopm
ents
as
they ap
ply
to t
he e
duca
tion
al pr
oces
s.
Pape
rs a
re g
rouped to
refl
ect
comm
on.
broa
d areas of in
tere
st.
repr
esen
ting
th
e in
stru
ctio
nal.
ad
mini
stra
tive
. an
d co
mput
er sc
lenc
e di
visi
ons
of
the
Asso
ciat
ion
for
Educ
atio
nal
Data
Sy
stem
s (A
EOS)
. a
priv
ate.
no
n-pr
ofit
. in
tern
atio
nal
educ
atlo
nal
orga
niza
tion
. Wh
ich
has
the
aim
Of
pr
ovid
lng
a fo
rum
for
the
exchange o
f ideas
and
info
rmat
ion
abou
t th
e re
lati
onsh
ip
of
mode
rn
tech
nolo
gy
to
educ
atio
n.
Incl
uded
ar
e 11
sts
of
the
1983
Co
nven
tion
te
am,
AEDS
Bo
ard
of
Dire
ctor
s.
Affiliate Gr
oup
Pres
iden
ts.
Inst
itut
iona
l Me
mber
s of AED
S.
Sust
aini
ng M
embe
rs
of
AEDS.
and
an index
of
pape
rs by
auth
or.
Indi
vldu
al papers
addr
ess
Such
va
ried
to
pics
as
the us
e of m
icro
comp
uter
s fo
r dr
llls
. tu
tori
als.
te
sts
and
word
pr
oces
sing
: de
velo
ping
instructional
mate
rial
s fo
r th
e co
mput
er:
mode
rn approaches to
lear
ning
to
program;
plan
ning
fo
r co
mput
er
acqu
lsit
ion:
co
mput
er
literacy
in
a.
mult
icul
tura
l environment;
an
atte
ndan
ce
syst
em
for
seco
ndar
y sc
hool
s:
LOGO
in
the
elem
enta
ry cl
assr
oom:
pro
gram
ming
pl
ans
and
advance organizers
and
theiP
uses
in
impr
ovin
g pr
ogra
m de
bugg
ing
perf
orma
nce:
se
ttin
g up
a
comp
uter
pr
ogra
m:
and
micro-assisted sch
ool
(120
): G
ENER
AL RE
PORT
(140)
mana
geme
nt.
(LMM)
Desc
ript
ors
+Com
pute
r As
sist
ed
Inst
ruct
ion:
*C
ompu
ter
Lite
racy
; Co
mput
er
Mana
ged
Inst
ruct
ion:
+Computer Ori
ente
d Pr
ogra
ms:
Comp
uter
Pro
gram
s;
Computers;
+Com
pute
r Sclsrice
Educ
atio
n;
Elem
enta
ry Se
cond
ary
Educ
atio
n;
High
er Ed
ucat
ion:
Mi
croc
ompu
ters
: Pr
ogra
med
Inst
ruct
iona
l Ma
teri
als:
Programing;
Prog
rami
ng
Lang
uage
s;
Teac
her
Educ
atio
n:
*Tec
hnol
ogic
al
Adva
ncem
ent
Iden
tifi
ers:
'C
ompu
ter
Uses
In
Educ
atio
n;
Inte
ract
ive
Syst
ems:
LO
GO Pr
ogra
ming
La
ngua
ge
ED23
4969
RCOi4370
Th
e Role o
f Mi
croc
onpu
ters
in R
ural Sc
hool
s.
Trueblood. Cec
il R
; Fl
anag
an. Ka
thle
en R
Dct
1983
24
p.:
Pape
r pr
esen
ted
at th
e Annual Me
etin
g o
f th
e Ru
ral
Educ
atio
n As
soci
atio
n (M
anha
ttan
. K
S. Oc
tobe
r 16
-18.
19
83).
E
DR
S Price -
MF
Ol/P
COI
Plus
Pos
tage
. La
ngua
ge:
Engl
ish
Docu
ment
Type: PR
OJEC
T DE
SCRI
PTIO
N (1
41):
CO
NFER
ENCE
PAP
ER
(15
0)
Geog
raph
ic Source: U.S
.: Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia
Jour
nal
Anno
unce
ment
: RI
EFEE
84
The experience of
Ce
ntra
l Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia's
Ke
ysto
ne Central
Scho
ol Di
stri
ct (KCSO) ill
ustr
ated
ho
w mi
croc
ompu
ters
can hel
p so
lve
some o
f t
he c
hara
cter
isti
c pr
oble
ms
of
rural
scho
ols.
KCSO'S
Renovo
Elem
enta
ry
School
has
3
stan
d-al
one
micr
ocom
pute
rs an
d th
e di
stri
ct's Bu
ckey
e High School
has
12
netw
orke
d mi
croc
ompu
ters
. On
e ma
jor
bene
f i t
of
th
e mi
croc
ompu
ters
has
been
to
im
prov
e comm!tnication
in
the
dist
rict
; li
ke m
any
rura
l sc
hool di
stri
cts.
it
enc
ompa
sses
a
wide
geographic are
a.
has man
y wi
dely
-sep
arat
ed small
school
site
s. a
nd is is
olat
ed from maj
or co
lleg
es.
univ
ersi
ties
. and
othe
r so
urce
s o
f in
form
atio
n.
KCSD
ha
s found that
word
pr
oces
sing
al
lows
th
e fa
st pr
epar
atio
n of
repo
rts
and
inst
ruct
iona
l ma
teri
als
whic
h can be
di
stri
bute
d vla
mode
m th
roug
hout
th
e di
stri
ct.
Also
, el
ectr
onic
allo
ws faster,
clos
er
comm
unic
atio
n am
ong
scho
ols
and
betw
een
the
admf
nist
rati
on
and
the
varl
ous
scho
ols.
Fi
nall
y.
on-line
disc
ussi
on wi
th ed
ucat
iona
l co
nsul
tant
s is
both
fa
ster
an
d mo
re
econ
omic
al
than
si
te v
isit
s.
Anot
her
majo
r be
nefi
t of
micr
ocom
pute
rs
has
been
to
ad
dres
s su
cces
sful
ly
the
educ
atio
nal
prob
lems
of
ke
epin
g in
divi
dual
ized
re
cord
s (e
spec
iall
y a
s
requ
ired
fo
r ha
ndic
appe
d st
uden
ts
by
PL
94.192).
impr
ovln
g te
stin
g an
d le
arni
ng.
incr
easi
ng the
qual
ity
of ba
sic
math
emat
ics
inst
ruct
ion.
de
velo
ping
co
mput
er
awar
enes
s am
ong
faculty and
st
uden
ts,
and
incr
easi
ng te
ache
r in
tere
st In
cla
ssro
om
rese
arch
an
d cu
rric
ulum
de
velo
pmen
t.
(S8)
Desc
ript
ors:
+C
ommu
nica
tion
Pr
oble
ms;
Comp
uter
As
sist
ed
Inst
ruct
ion:
Co
mput
er Li
tera
cy:
'Computer
Orie
nted
Pr
ogra
ms:
Curriculum
Deve
lopm
ent;
Ed
ucat
iona
l Re
sear
ch:
Elem
enta
ry
Seco
ndar
y Ed
ucat
ion:
Ma
them
atic
s In
stru
ctio
n: *
Micr
ocom
pute
rs:
*Pro
blem
Sol
ving
: Ru
ral
Envi
ronm
ent:
*R
ural
Sc
hool
s;
School
Dist
rict
s: Sm
all
Scho
ols:
*T
each
er Att
itud
es:
Tele
conf
eren
cing
: Us
e St
udie
s; Wo
rd Pr
oces
sing
Id
enti
fier
s:
Comp
uter
Ne
twor
ks:
'Keystone
Cent
ral
School
Dist
rict
PA: Pen
nsyl
vani
a (Central)
M
n z 1
p
W
ED
24
26
26
50015533
Fo
ste
rln
g
Eq
ult
ab
le
Co
nse
qu
en
ce
s
fro
m
Co
np
ute
r L
ea
rnin
g
Lln
n.
Ma
rcia
C.
Ca
lifo
rnia
U
niv
..
Be
rke
ley
. L
aw
ren
ce
H
all
of
Sc
ien
ce
. N
OV
(983
33p.:
Pa
pe
r p
res
en
ted
a
t th
e
an
nu
al
Mid
ye
ar
Co
nfe
ren
ce
oI
the
A
me
ric
an
E
dir
ca
tio
na
l R
ese
arc
h A
ss
oc
iati
on
R
es
ea
rch
on
Wan
en
an
d E
du
ca
tio
n S
pe
cla
l In
tere
st
Gro
up
(9
th.
Tem
pe,
AZ
. N
ove
mber 3-5. 1983).
Sp
on
so
rin
g
Ag
en
cy
: N
atl
on
al
Ins
t.
of
Ed
uc
ati
on
(E
D).
W
ash
lng
ton
, DC.
Gra
nt No.: 400-83-CQi7
EORS
Pri
ce
- W
FO
t/PC
02
Plu
s P
os
tag
e.
La
ng
ua
ge
. E
ng
lIs
h
Docu
ment
Typ
e:
PO
SIT
ION
PAPER
(1
20):
CO
NFE
REN
CE
P4
PE
R (150)
Ge
og
rap
hlc
S
ou
rce
: U
.S.:
C
ali
forn
ta
Jo
urn
al
An
no
un
ce
me
nt:
R
IEA
UG
B4
The
artl
cle
dls
cu
ss
es
tw
o
inte
rre
late
d a
sp
ec
ts
of
co
mp
ute
r e
du
ca
tio
n:
the
co
mp
ute
r's
p
ote
ntl
al
for d
ev
elo
pin
g c
og
nlt
lve
s
kil
ls a
nd
ways
in
wh
ich
th
e
dlf
fere
ntl
al
pa
rtic
ipa
tlo
n
of
ma
les
an
d
fem
ale
s
in
co
mp
ute
r e
xp
eri
en
ce
s
may
le
ad
to
In
eq
uit
ab
le o
utc
om
es.
The
As
se
ss
lng
th
e C
og
nit
ive
co
nse
qu
en
ce
s
of
Co
mp
ute
r E
nv
iro
nm
en
ts f
or
Le
arn
ing
P
roje
ct
(4C
CC
EL
l h
as
ide
ntl
fle
d s
ev
era
l a
sp
ec
ts o
f co
mp
ute
r e
nv
lro
nm
en
ts
wh
ich
make
it
pa
rtic
ula
rly
c
og
nft
fve
ly
de
ma
nd
ing
: th
e
inte
rac
tlv
e.
co
mp
lex
. a
nd
ch
all
en
gln
g
na
ture
of
the
e
nv
iro
nm
en
t;
the
p
rec
ise
fe
ed
ba
ck
of
info
rma
tio
n:
an
d
the
po
ss
ibil
ity
fo
r m
ult
iple
s
olu
tlo
ns
. In
ad
dit
ion
. h
lgh
er
co
gn
ltlv
e
sk
ills
ca
n
be
fo
ste
red
b
y
ce
rta
in
typ
es
of
ed
uc
ati
on
al
so
ftw
are
a
nd
co
mm
erc
lal
co
mp
ute
r gam
es
wh
ich
le
nd
th
em
se
lve
s
to
stu
de
nt
ad
ap
tati
on
an
d c
re
ati
vit
y.
Ho
we
ve
r.
a g
ap
e
xis
ts b
etw
ee
n
this
e
du
ca
tio
na
l p
rom
lse
of
co
mp
ute
rs
an
d th
e r
ea
llty
of
the
ir
us
e
in
the
c
las
sro
om
. A
num
ber
of
fac
tors
m
ay
ac
co
un
t fo
r th
is
ga
p.
am
ong
them
te
ac
he
rs'
lac
k
of
aw
are
ne
ss
of
co
mp
ute
rs'
Po
ten
tia
l fo
r fo
ste
rin
g c
og
nlt
lve
sk1
11
s.
lac
k of
ap
pro
pri
ate
curr
iculu
m m
ate
rla
ls,
an
d
the
re
str
ictl
on
of
co
mp
ute
rs
to
pro
gra
mm
ing
a
nd
lo
glc
co
urs
es
. T
hls
g
ap
In
tu
rn c
on
trib
ute
s
to
the
p
ote
ntl
al
for
ine
qu
ita
ble
o
utc
om
es.
Fe
ma
les
are
po
orl
y
rep
res
en
ted
in
co
mp
ute
r c
ou
rse
s
in h
lgh
sc
ho
ols
a
nd
co
11
eg
eS
. a
fac
t W
hlc
h
is
att
rlb
ute
d
to b
oth
co
nte
nt
an
d p
roc
es
s o
f co
mp
ute
r In
str
uc
tlo
n.
Eq
uft
ab
le o
utc
om
es wi
ll
be
en
ha
nce
d if
tea
ch
ers
tm
llo
r In
str
uc
tlo
n
to
the
n
ee
ds
of
the
le
arn
er.
g
uid
ing
ex
plo
ratl
on
o
f th
e c
om
pu
ter
for
fem
ale
s
tud
en
ts.
(LP
) D
es
crl
pto
rs:
Ba
sic
Skills
: C
og
nit
ive
Oe
ve
lop
me
nt:
*C
ognitiv
e
Pro
ce
ss
es
: C
om
pu
ter
As
sls
ted
In
str
uc
tlo
n;
*Co
mp
ute
r L
lte
rac
y;
Co
mp
ute
r O
rie
nte
d
Pro
gra
ms:
*CM
n(N
ter
Sc
ien
ce
E
du
ca
tio
n;
Ed
uc
atl
on
al
Needs:
E
du
ca
tio
na
l O
pp
ort
un
itie
s:
Ed
uc
atl
on
al
Pra
cti
ce
s:
Ed
uc
ati
on
al
Re
se
arc
h:
Ele
me
nta
ry
Se
co
nd
ary
E
du
ca
tio
n:
*Eq
ua
l E
du
ca
tlo
n;
Fe
ma
les:
Hig
he
r E
du
ca
tto
n:
Ma
les
; O
utc
om
es
of
Ed
uc
ati
on
; *S
ex
Dif
fere
nc
es
; *S
ex
Fa
lrn
es
s:
Sk
ill
De
ve
lop
me
nt
En
vlr
om
nts
.
ED
235784
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C
om
pu
ters
in
Ed
uc
ati
on
: R
ea
liz
ing
th
e P
ote
nti
al.
R
ep
ort
of
a
Re
se
arc
h C
on
fere
nc
e,
Pit
tsb
urg
h,
Pe
nn
sy
lva
nia
, N
ove
mb
er
20
-24
. 1
98
2.
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sg
old
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lai~
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d.,
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om
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tup
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inte
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te
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ed
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ati
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d
sc
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th
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lic
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d
pri
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te s
ecto
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t c
en
tere
d o
n
tho
fu
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o
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mp
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rs in
ed
uc
ati
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th
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reso
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ch
re
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to
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liz
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the
C
om
pu
ter'
S
ed
ura
tio
na
l p
ote
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4
s
iim
ma
ry
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the
re
sp
ar
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su
es
co
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ide
red
an
d
su
gq
Pste
d
me
all
s
for
stl
mu
latl
ng
a
nd
S
op
po
rtin
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pvo
po
se
d
ba
s I
C
an
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pro
toty
pe
re
se
arc
h
ac
t~
vit
les
15
fo
llo
we
d b
y
the
C
ha
irm
en
's
Re
po
rt.
Th
e
lnv
ite
d
pa
pe
rs
are
th
en
pre
se
nte
d
( 1
I "T
he
C
om
pu
ter
4g
e.
"
by
H
erb
ert
A
. S
imo
n:
I?)
"Te
ch
no
log
ies
fo
r Learning."
by
Ra
j R
ed
dy;
I31
"P
ara
d,g
ms
for
Co
mp
ute
r-B
asa
d F
di.i
cat ion."
by
A
lan
M.
Le
sg
old
: (
4)
"R
ese
arc
h
on
S
cie
nc
e
Ed
uc
ati
on
."
by
J
11
I H
. L
ark
in;
(51
"R
ese
arc
h o
n M
nth
em
at,
cS
E
du
ca
tio
n."
by
R
ob
ert
R
. D
av
rs:
16
1
"Te
ac
hin
g M
ath
em
ati
cs
."
hy
S
tev
e Da
vis:
(7
) "T
he
M
ath
em
ati
cs
C
ul-
ric
ulu
m K
-12
."
hy
He
nry
0
Po
lla
ck
: (8
1 "T
Pil
ch
ing
S
cie
nc
e."
b
y
Jim
M
ins
tre
l):
19
) "R
ese
arc
h
on
Re
ad
ing
F
du
ca
tlo
n,"
b
y
Ric
ha
rd C
A
nd
ers
oti
: 1
10
1 "
Re
qo
arc
h
on
W
riti
ng
rd
uc
ntl
on
."
by
Ro
he
rt
Gii
rrd
lach
: (
1 I)
"Te
ac
hrn
g
Re
nd
ing
,''
tly
C
ath
eri
ne
C
op
ela
nd
: 1
12
) "T
oa
ch
ing
Wri
tin
g."
b
v
Ero
ok
e W
otk
mn
n:
an
d I151
"Lit
era
cy
."
hr
E.
D.
Hir
ss
h.
Jr.
Re
po
rts
of
the
Co
nfe
ren
ce
C
om
init
tep
s
011
Ma
the
ma
tic
s
an
d
Sc
ien
c?
(F
re
d~
r-~
ck
Re
rf)
an
d
Re
ad
ing
a
nd
W
ri
tln
g (A
lan
M
Losgold)
co
nc
ltld
e
the
r-
po
rt
ILM
M)
De
sc
rip
tors
*C
om
pu
ter
4s
sr5
t~d
In
str
uc
tio
n:
Co
mp
ute
r L
1 ts
rac
y:
Co
mp
s.it~
r Ma
na
ge
d
Ins
trt.
rct
ion
: *E
du
ca
tio
na
l R
-se
arc
h:
Iris
tru
c t
1 ona 1
Mode
l 5 :
*R
ea
din
g I
ns
tl'u
ct
ton
: R
Pse
RrC
h
Ne
ed
s:
.Sc
!on
ce
E
dc
nt~
on
. T
ea
ch
rng
M
eth
od
s:
'Writ
tng
Ir
lstr
uc
tio
n
iLIT
ER
4TU
RE
(0
70
1:
POSI
TION
P
AP
ER
(1
70
1
Ma
te,'?
a I 5
:
*Ma
tiio
iiiil t
I c
s
Ed
uca
t io
n:
Idrn
tifi
ets
. 'C
r)!n
pu
ter
Use
s F
dii
Sil
tlo
n
M
n
E