education system russian federation - nuffic system | evaluation chart education system russian...

Education system

Russian Federation

The Russian education system described and compared with the Dutch system

Education system | Evaluation chart

Education system Russian Federation

Education system Russian Federation | EP-Nuffic | 2nd edition December 2010 | version 2, January 2015 2

This document provides information about the education system of the Russian Federation. It also includes the Dutch comparison of qualifications obtained in the Russian Federation.

Except where expressly stated otherwise and with the exception of images and illustrations, this publication is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC 3.0) Licence. For more information about the reuse of this publication please visit https://www.nuffic.nl/en/home/copyright.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/deed.nl





L3

2

Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii Аттестат о Среднем (Полном) Общем Образовании (secondary general education)

L6Kandidat Nauk (Кандидат Наук) (PhD) 3

L3

1-4

Diplom ob Okonchanii Srednego Special’nogo Uchebnogo Zavedenija Диплом об Окончании Среднего Специального Учебного Заведения / Svidetel’stvo (Professionalnoe Litsei) Свидетелство профессиональное Лицей (secondary vocational education)

L5

1-2

Magister Магистр(university education)

L2Attestat ob Osnovnom Obshchem Obrazovanii Аттестат об основном общем образовании(basic general education) 5

L7

5-10

Doktor Nauk (Доктор наук)(PhD)

post

grad

uate

unde

rgra

duat

e

L3

1-4

Diplom ob Okonchanii Srednego Proftechuchilisha Диплом об Окончании Среднего Профтехучилища (СПТУ) / Svidetel’stvo Professionalnoe Uchilishche Свидетельство Профессиональное Училище(secondary vocational education)

L4Ediniy Gosudarstvenniy Ekzamen (EGE) Единый Государственный Экзамен (ЕГЭ) (Unified State Exam (USE))

L1Nachalnoe obrazovanie / Начальное образование(primary general education) 4

L4

4

BakalavrБакалавр(university education)

L4

2

Diplom o nepolnom vysshem obrazovanii Диплом о неполном высшем образовании(university education)

L4

5-6

SpecialistСпециалист(university education)

L0 Education level

0 Duration of education

Click here to view a sample of the diploma




Evaluation chart

In the following chart, the left part lists foreign qualifications. The right part lists the Dutch comparisons, with corresponding levels in the Netherlands and European qualifications frameworks.

Degree or qualification Dutch equivalent and NLQF level EQF level

Attestat ob Osnovnom Obshchem Obrazovanii - Аттестат

об основном общем образовании

3 years of general secondary education

Svidetel’stvo (Professionalnoe Uchilishche) -

Свидетельство (Профессиональное Училище) (1-2½

years)

MBO diploma (at qualification level 1 or

2)

1/2 1/2

Svidetel’stvo (Professionalnoe Litsei) - Свидетельство

профессиональное Лицей (2 years)

MBO diploma (at qualification level 3 or

4)

3/4 3/4

Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii -

Аттестат о Среднем (Полном) Общем Образовании

at least a HAVO diploma 4 4

Diplom ob Okonchanii Srednego Proftechuchilisha (SPTU)

- Диплом об Окончании Среднего Профтехучилища

(3 years)

havo diploma for the general education

component

4 4

Diplom ob Okonchanii Srednego Special’nogo Uchebnogo

Zavedenija (SSUZ) - Диплом об Окончании Среднего

Специального Учебного Заведения (3-4 years)

havo diploma for the general education

component

4 4

Diplom o nepolnom vysshem obrazovanii - Диплом о

неполном высшем образовании

2 years of HBO or at most 1 year of WO 5/6 5/6

Specialist programme – Специалист (5 years) HBO master’s degree or WO bachelor’s

degree

7/6 7/6

Specialist programme – Специалист (5 ½ years) approximately WO master’s degree 7 7

Bakalavr diploma Бакалавр (4 years) HBO bachelor’s degree or approximately

WO bachelor’s degree

6 6

Magistr diploma Магистр HBO or WO master’s degree 7 7




NB. • The information provided in the table is a general recommendation from which no

rights may be derived. • NLQF = Netherlands Qualififcations Framework. EQF = European Qualifications

Framework. • The evaluation of a foreign qualification in terms of the EQF/NLQF does not

necessarily mean that all of the learning outcomes associated with these levels have been achieved.

• Information on the Dutch equivalent qualifications is available in the Netherlands Education System. See: http://www.nuffic.nl/en/library/education-system-netherlands.pdf

• Information regarding international study programmes at VMBO and MBO level is issued by SBB, the foundation for Co-operation on Vocational Education, Training and the Labour Market.

http://www.nuffic.nl/en/library/education-system-netherlands.pdf

http://www.nuffic.nl/en/library/education-system-netherlands.pdf




Introduction

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Russian Federation became an independent country. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, or Soviet Union) was made up of the 15 republics. This module concentrates on the Russian Federation. The recognised higher education institutions are supervised by an Academic Council of university governors. Individual institutions are led by a vice-chancellor. In the case of private institutions, supervision is the responsibility of the owners/founders. It is also common practice to appoint a Board of Supervisors. In 2009 Federal Universities were introduced. These universities were established through a merger of existing state institutions. The federal universities have a special status in the sense of significant achievements in science and large-scale research and innovation. On top of that, 12 universities were awarded the status of National Research University in 2010. These are highly competitive universities, with effective systems for commercialization of scientific research and development activities. The language of instruction is usually Russian. Everyone attends a compulsory 9 years of education, comprising 4 years of primary school and 5 years of the initial phase of secondary education. The academic year runs from 1 September until the end of June.




Primary and secondary education

General education requires some 34 weeks of study per year. A school week consists of 27-38 hours of study. The school year starts on 1 September and ends in the beginning of June. The basic curriculum for general education is determined in line with State requirements with regard to the minimum content of education and workload of pupils. It also establishes certain compulsory fields of study, such as humanities, natural sciences, social sciences, and natural sciences. In practice, each school designs its own curriculum, provided that it adheres to the framework of the Basic Curriculum. After completing 4 years of primary education, students enter the first phase of secondary education, which has a nominal duration of 5 years and concludes the period of compulsory education. At this point students take an examination leading to the issue of the Attestat ob osnovnom obshchem obrazovanii or the Svidetel’stvo ob okonchanii nepol’nogo obshchego srednego obrazovaniya.

In terms of level, the Attestat ob osnovnom obshchem obrazovanii (Аттестат об основном общем образовании) is

comparable to 3 years of general secondary education in the Netherlands.

The second phase of secondary education comprises at most 2 years. The number of subjects examined should be at least 5, including 2 written examinations (composition and mathematics) and 3 elective subjects. In addition to the results of the final examinations, school leaving certificates include a supplement with the grades obtained by the student in all subjects during the whole period of education. The total number of subjects may vary from 17-20. Final and annual examinations are written (65%) and oral (35%). Upon completion, students are awarded the Attestat o Srednem (polnom) obshchem obrazovanii certificate, which qualifies them to take entrance examinations for higher education.

In terms of level, the Attestat o Srednem (polnom) obshchem obrazovanii (Аттестат о Среднем (Полном) Общем Образовании)

is comparable to at least a HAVO diploma in the Netherlands.




Secondary vocational education Up until 1992, Russia had 2 types of vocational education. The first, called SPTU (Srednee Professional’noe Tekhnicheskoe Uchilishe), comprised 3 years after the 9 years of primary and secondary education, and led to the Diplom ob okonchanii srednego proftechuchilisha certificate, which entitled the holder to practice in the professional field and also provided access to the entrance examinations for higher education.

In terms of level, the Diplom ob Okochanii Srednego Proftechuchilisha (Диплом об

Окончании Среднего Профтехучилища) is comparable in the Netherlands to a HAVO

diploma for its general education component.

The SSUZ (Srednee Specialnoe Uchebnoe Zavedenie) was offered at a Tekhnikum in the case of technical and economic professions and at a Uchilishe for other professions. This type of education lasted 3 to 4 years after the 9 years of primary and secondary education, and led to the Diplom ob okonchanii srednego special’nogo uchebnogo zavedenija certificate .

In terms of level, the Diplom ob Okonchanii Srednego Special’nogo Uchebnogo Zavedenija (Диплом об Окончании Среднего Специального Учебного

Заведения) is comparable in the Netherlands to at least a HAVO diploma for

its general education component.

During the 1990s a number of the SSUZ institutions were converted into post-secondary Colleges (Kolledzh), which offer programmes that lead to a professional qualification which entitles the holder to practice in the professional field (in managerial positions) and also provides fast-track admission into similar specialisations in higher education. Currently, secondary vocational education (nachalnoe professionalnoe obrazovanie) is offered at 2 types of schools: the Professionalnoe Uchilishche and the Professionalnye Litsei.




Professional schools (Professionalnoe Uchilishche) offer programmes lasting 1 to 2½ years. The Svidetel’stvo (certificate) awarded upon completion qualifies students for the entrance examinations for higher education.

In terms of level, the Svidetel’stvo awarded by a Professionalnoe Uchilishche

(Свидетельство Профессиональное Училище) is comparable in the Netherlands to an MBO diploma at qualification level 1 or

2, depending on the specialisation.

Professional grammar schools (Professionalnye Litsei) teach programmes lasting 1 to 4 years and lead to a Svidetel’stvo (certificate), which likewise qualifies students to take the entrance examinations for higher education.

In terms of level, the Svidetel’stvo awarded by a Professionalnoe Litsei

(Свидетельство профессиональное Лицей) after completion of 2-year programme is comparable in the

Netherlands to an MBO diploma at qualification level 3 or 4, depending on the

specialisation.

Completion of the first 2 years of a Professionalnoe Litsei may give access to the entrance examinations for higher education. Pupils who have completed the general secondary education (11 years) may be admitted in the third year of a Professionalnoe Litsei. The certificate awarded after 4 years of professional grammar school is called the Svidetel’stvo. This qualification (4-year programme) gives access to the third year of Bakalavr programmes in similar field.




Admission to higher education

Formerly, admission to higher education was based on the Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii (Certificate of Secondary Complete General Education) and the results on entrance examinations taken at individual institutions. Both exams were usually oral. Designing the school-leaving exams was the responsibility of the schools themselves. The number of institutions that students could apply to was limited, as they had to sit separate examinations for each institution. Since 2009 the Uniform State Examination (Ediniy Gosudarstvenniy Ekzamen, EGE) has become compulsory throughout the Russian Federation. This exam forms a single, nationally standardised set of exams. Although in principle the EGE should be the only exam future students need to pass, some institutions have been granted the right to impose additional requirements. The highly prestigious Moscow State University (MGU) serves as an example of this.

Higher education

Higher education is provided at universities, institutes and academies. According to the law, universities must offer both academic and professionally oriented higher education and conduct both scientific and applied research in a wide variety of disciplines in natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. Universities must be prestigious centres in the field of science and methodology. Russia has hundreds of institutes, which as a rule offer programmes focusing on professions in the agricultural, medical, pharmaceutical, pedagogical and technical sectors. Many former polytechnics, medical institutes, agricultural institutes, and teacher training institutes have acquired university status. However, there is an unofficial distinction between these ‘new’ universities and the old ‘classical’ ones. Institutes may be autonomous institutions or divisions of universities or academies. Academies in general offer programmes in one major discipline, such as music or arts. At present, of all Russian state higher education institutions, around 50% are universities and academies and institutes each are around 25%.




A network of new, high-status ‘federal’ universities is being created by the Russian Education Ministry. This network of new universities enjoys a privileged status with regard to research facilities and academic staff. In 2006-2009, the first 5 federal universities were established through a merger of existing state universities. • The Northern (Arctic) Federal University emerged from the Arkhangelsk State

Technical University. • The Kazan State University formed the basis of the current Privolzhsky Federal

University. • The Ural Federal University has its roots in the Ural State Technical University. • The Far Eastern Federal University is located in the former Far Eastern State

University. • The North-Eastern Federal University has its foundation in the Yakutian State

university of M.K.Ammosov. These universities offer bachelor’s and master’s programmes in close cooperation with business and research centres. Also, they are strongly oriented towards international academic cooperation and research. In addition, a nationwide competition recently resulted in the selection of 15 universities that received the status of National Research Universities.

1. Belgorod State University, 2. Irkutsk State Technical University, 3. Kazan State Technological University, 4. Mordovian State University of N.P. Ogarev, 5. Moscow State Institute of Electronic Technology, 6. Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), 7. Moscow Power Engineering Institute (technical university), 8. Perm State University, 9. Russian State Medical University of the Federal Agency of Public Health and Social

Development, 10. Russian State University of Oil and Gaz of I.M. Gubkin, 11. Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, 12. Saratov State University of N.G. Chernyshsevsky, 13. Tomsk State University, 14. Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences- Saint Petersburg Academic

University- Scientific-Educational Center of Nanotechologies of the RAS 15. South Ural State University.

These universities will receive extra means from the federal budget. Financing is aimed towards the purchase of training-laboratory and scientific equipment, to the improvement of qualifications and professional retraining of university personnel, to the set up of training programmes, to the creation of information resources and to the modernisation of the quality management in education and scientific research.




In principle, this category "national research university" is introduced for a period of 10 years. National research universities have the right to realise educational programmes designed by themselves.

At present Russia has around 700 state-run institutions for higher education. There are also several hundred private institutions, at which programmes in law, management and finance are strongly represented.

University and higher professional education

University curricula generally span 36 weeks a year, with a study load of 55 hours a week at most. Students typically have 27 hours of class time each week. The academic year runs from September until June and consists of 2 semesters lasting 5 months each. Specialist (Специалист) University Specialist programmes vary in length from 5 to 6 years. The diploma provides a professional qualification and can be earned in any field of study. The specialisation is always stated on the diploma certificate, to which an overview of subjects and academic results is appended. Students are usually required to write a final paper. Specialist programmes span over 400 fairly in-depth specialisations.

In terms of level, the Specialist (Специалист) degree following a nominal 5-year is comparable in the Netherlands to a

WO bachelor’s or HBO master’s degree, depending on the content of the

programme.

In terms of level, the Specialist (Специалист) degree following a nominal

5½-year is approximately comparable in the Netherlands to a WO master’s degree,

depending on the content of the programme.




Diplom o nepolnom vysshem obrazovanii (Диплом о неполном высшем образовании) The Diplom o nepolnom vysshem obrazovanii has a nominal duration of at least 2 years and represents an intermediate qualification allowing entry into the labour market.

In terms of level, the Diplom o nepolnom vysshem obrazovanii (Диплом о неполном высшем образовании) is comparable to 2

years of higher professional education (HBO) or to at most 1 year of university

education (WO) in the Netherlands, depending on the content of the

programme.

Bakalavr (Бакалавр) Alongside Russia’s existing Specialist qualifications, a system of bachelor’s/bakalavr and master’s/magistr diplomas was introduced. Bakalavr programmes have a nominal duration of 4 years and are, in theory, offered in many fields of study. The preliminary years take a broad orientation, with particular emphasis on subjects such as social sciences, economics, history, a foreign language, and natural sciences. In some cases students complete a final paper (short and not required) or project. Upon successful completion, students receive a state diploma with an appendix listing all subjects, hours, marks, practical training and final examination and final paper or project results.

In terms of level, the Bakalavr degree (Бакалаврa) following a nominal 4-year is

approximately comparable in the Netherlands to a WO bachelor’s or HBO

bachelor's degree, depending on the content of the programme.

This diploma qualifies students to enter the labour market or to go on to an associated research-oriented Magistr programme.




Magistr (Магистр) Magistr programmes take off where Bakalavr programmes end and have a nominal duration of 1 to 2 years. A Specialist diploma is also sufficient qualification for enrolment. Magistr programmes are by and large research-oriented. They conclude with a state examination and students’ defence of their final paper. The diploma certificate is issued with an appendix – the Prilozhenie k diplomu listing all subjects, hours, marks, practical training and final examination and final paper or project results, and qualifies students to take doctoral entrance examinations.

In terms of level, the Magistr degree (Mагистра) is comparable in the

Netherlands to a WO or HBO master’s degree.

In practice, Magistr diplomas are actually seldom awarded, and then in only a limited number of disciplines. A Magistr diploma and a Specialist diploma both confer the same rights, even though the former has a nominal duration of an additional year and is more research oriented. Kandidat Nauk (Кандидат Наук) Russia has 2 types of doctorates: the Kandidat Nauk, meaning literally ‘Candidate of Sciences’ and the Doktor Nauk, meaning ‘Doctor of Sciences’. The prerequisite for admission to a Kandidat Nauk programme is a Specialist or Magistr diploma. The programme – or aspirantura – comprises lectures, seminars and research, takes 3 years to complete and is concluded with the public defence of a doctoral thesis. Candidates are required to write an extensive summary of their doctoral thesis, called an Avtoreferat. Doctoral theses deemed satisfactory by the doctoral thesis council result in conferral of the Kandidat Nauk diploma and the title spetsialist-issledovatel, or ‘specialist researcher’. Doktor Nauk (Доктор Наук) Doktor Nauk is the highest academic title that can be achieved. Admission is extremely selective and highly restricted. An institution’s Academic Council determines whether or not to award the title, based on the level of advancement shown in the reserach project, which must resolve a fundamental scientific problem. The curriculum focuses entirely on research. Where the research and doctoral thesis for a Kandidat Nauk demonstrate outstanding quality, a Doktor Nauk diploma may also be conferred. There is no equivalent qualification in the Netherlands.




Assessment systems

The Russian education system uses a 5-2 assessment scale:

Numerical grade In words Description Meaning

5 otlichno Pyat outstanding

4 khorosho tsjetyri good

3 udovletvoritel’no Trie pass

2 neudovletvoritel’no

(also: plokho)

Dwa fail

Bologna process

In 2003, Russia became a member of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), the cooperative system for higher education in Europe whose foundations were laid by the 1999 Bologna declaration. Information on the current situation can be found on the official website of the EHEA: www.ehea.info/country-details.aspx?countryId=39

Qualification frameworks

In 2005, the Bologna Framework (overarching framework for qualifications of the European higher education area) was adopted. Development of a complete national qualifications framework, including non-higher education qualifications, is still under way.

Quality assurance and accreditation

In Russia Accreditation is under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Higher education institutions may operate only with the approval of the government. Russia recognises the following 2 phases:

1. Licensing: This is a permission by the state to provide education. This phase usually lasts 3-5 years and precedes state accreditation.

2. Accreditation is granted by the government. This allows the higher education institution to conduct accredited education programmes and to award nationally recognised (state format) diplomas and degrees.

The National Accreditation Board of the Russian Federation under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation operates under the authority of the

http://www.ehea.info/country-details.aspx?countryId=39




Federal Service of Supervision in Education and Science. This Board is in Russia responsible for the dissemination of knowledge and information about the procedures of the state accreditation of higher education institutions. It also develops materials and methodological recommendations for conducting self-evaluations and visitations. Also, it provides training and conducts research with regard to quality assurance of higher education in Russia. More general information on quality assurance and accreditation can be found on the website of the Russian ENIC: www.russianenic.ru/english/rf/otdel.html

International treaties

Russia signed and ratified the Lisbon Convention in 2000. The website of the Russian ENIC contains a link with all bilateral and multilateral agreements in the field of higher education: www.russianenic.ru/int/agreements/index.html.

Addresses

www.russianenic.ru/ Bilingual (Russian and English) website of the Russian National Information Center on Academic Recognition and Mobility (ENIC), providing an overview of recognised higher education institutions in Russia. The website has information on a range of topics, including about the Russian education system and the Russian law on higher education, along with sample secondary and higher education diploma certificates. www.russianenic.ru/english/index.html Website of the Russian ENIC. www.s-bb.nl Website of SBB, the foundation for Co-operation on Vocational Education, Training and the Labour Market.

http://www.russianenic.ru/english/rf/otdel.html

http://www.russianenic.ru/int/agreements/index.html

http://www.russianenic.ru/

http://www.russianenic.ru/english/index.html




Diploma Supplement

At present, 39 universities are involved in a pilot project with regard to the introduction of the Diploma Supplement. Though the Diploma Supplement (DS) has not been implemented in Russia, the grade list attached to diplomas follows the same general pattern as the DS and provides information about programme structure and study load. Some higher educational institutions may issue the European Diploma Supplement on request. However, this supplement is not a substitution for the Russian Diploma Supplement.

Composition of file

Minimal file requirements: any file originating in Russia must consist of a copy of the original Russian diploma certificate, together with a translation, and a grade list – issued with the diploma - together with a translation. Authenticity Russian higher education diplomas of state institutions have a standard layout. They come in blue hardbound booklets (13x20 cm) and are ochre and turquoise in colour. When copied, the two-headed (tsarist) eagle becomes visible, as do text boxes indicating that the document is a copy. The appended grade list follows the pattern of the DS and provides much information about programme structure and study load. Details about the diploma recipient, nature of the programme, date and place of issue are filled in by hand. If the diploma recipient graduated cum laude, this is printed (with honours/s otličiem) underneath the title Diplom. Diplomas are signed by the vice-chancellor and chairman of the state examination committee. The left-hand page of the diploma contains the registration number and an authentication that the document is a state-recognised higher education diploma. Diplomas confirming to this old style (in use until around 1993) were issued in small (11x15 cm), blue, hardbound booklets. Details about the diploma recipient and nature of the programme are filled in by hand, as are the date and place of issue. If the diploma recipient graduated cum laude, the diploma is bound in a red booklet. These diplomas are signed by the vice-chancellor and secretary (dean) of the institution, and are stamped with the institution’s round seal in the lower left corner. The state symbol of the former Soviet Union is also displayed on the cover of the diploma. The diplomas are always accompanied by a grade list bearing the same number as the diploma.




Diplomas for non-ethnic Russians Diplomas issued to non-ethnic Russians from around 1993 follow a standard layout. These diplomas are issued in blue, hardbound booklets measuring 13x20 cm. Details about the diploma recipient and nature of the programme are filled in by hand, as are the date and place of issue. Unlike diplomas issued to Russian nationals, these diplomas are bilingual: the left-hand page in Russian and the right-hand page is a translation into English, French or Spanish. If the diploma recipient graduated cum laude, this is printed underneath the title Diplom. The diplomas are signed by the vice-chancellor and secretary (dean) of the institution . Affixed in the lower left corner of the left-hand page is a passport-size photograph of the diploma holder, with the stamp of the issuing institution placed on top. These diplomas also contain a further two pages for authentication stamps All diplomas should be accompanied by a grade list bearing the same number as the diploma certificate itself. Consulting the registries Nuffic maintains extensive and intensive contact with both the Russian Ministry of Education and Science and its colleagues at the Russian ENIC. In theory, the Russian authorities can answer questions about any higher education programme in Russia.

List of higher education institutes

www.russianenic.ru/english/cred/index.html Website of the Russian ENIC, including an overview of recognised Russian higher education institutions.

http://www.russianenic.ru/english/cred/index.html




Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii – awarded after 2007 Аттестат о среднем (полном) общем образовании Certificate of Secondary (Complete) General Education




Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii – awarded since 1 January 2010 Аттестат о среднем (полном) общем образовании Certificate of Secondary (Complete) General Education




Attestat o Srednem Obshchem Obrazovanii – awarded since 1 September 2013 (front) Аттестат о среднем общем образовании Certificate of Secondary General Education




Attestat o Srednem Obshchem Obrazovanii – awarded since 1 September 2013 Аттестат о среднем общем образовании Certificate of Secondary General Education




Diplom o Nepolnom Vysshem Obrazovanii Диплом о неполном высшем образовании Diploma of incompleted higher education




Diplom o Nepolnom Vysshem Obrazovanii (appendix) Диплом о неполном высшем образовании Diploma of incompleted higher education




Diplom Specialista –awarded since 1994 Диплом cпециалиста, Российская Федерация Specialist Diploma




Diplom Specialista – uitgereikt na 2012 Диплом cпециалиста, Российская Федерация Specialist Diploma (Specialist degree)




Diploma Bakalavr – awarded prior to 2012 Диплом бакалавра Bachelor diploma




Diploma Bakalavr – awarded since 2012 (front) Диплом бакалавра Bachelor diploma




Diploma Bakalavr – awarded since 2012 Диплом бакалавра Bachelor diploma




Diplom Magistra – awarded prior to 2012 Диплом Mагистра, Российская Федерация Magister Diploma (Master degree)




Prilozhenie k Diplomu – appendix to university diploma Приложение к Диплому




Diplom Magistra – uitgereikt na 2012 Диплом Mагистра, Российская Федерация Magister Diploma (Master degree)




Qualification Russian Federation

Attestat o Srednem (Polnom) Obshchem Obrazovanii Аттестат о Среднем (Полном) Общем Образовании

• diploma secondary general education • grants access in the Russian Federation to all higher education programmes

upon completion of entrance examinations

This qualification is comparable to at least a HAVO diploma in the Netherlands. NB: This information is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived.





Specialist (Специалист) (5 years)

• combined 1st and 2nd cycle higher education diploma • grants access in the Russian Federation to the labour market, to master’s or

PhD programmes

This qualification is comparable to an HBO master’s degree or WO bachelor’s degree in the Netherlands, depending on the content. NB: This information is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived.





Specialist (Специалист) (5½ years)

• combined 1st and 2nd cycle higher education diploma • grants access in the Russian Federation to the labour market, to master’s or

PhD programmes

This qualification is approximately comparable to a WO master’s degree in the Netherlands. NB: This information is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived.





Bakalavr (Бакалавр) (Бакалавр)

• 1st cycle higher education diploma • grants access in the Russian Federation to the labour market or to master’s

programmes • has a nominal duration of 4 years

This qualification is comparable to an HBO bachelor’s degree or approximately comparable to a WO bachelor’s degree in the Netherlands, depending on the content. NB: This information is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived.





Magistr (Mагистр)

• 2nd cycle higher education diploma • grants access in the Russian Federation to PhD programmes • has a nominal duration of 1-2 years

This qualification is comparable to a WO or HBO master’s degree in the Netherlands. depending on the content. NB: This information is a general recommendation from which no rights may be derived.

education system russian federation - nuffic system | evaluation chart education system russian...

Documents