ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP

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Ecological communities consist of interacting or potentially interacting species in the same environment. 

This is what we call ecological relationship.

TWO TYPES OF ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP

•SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP

•OPPOSITIONAL RELATIONSHIP

SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP

Ø Mutualism is when two different species have an ecological relationship that they both benefit from. For example, zebras and wild birds in the grasslands of Africa.

Ø Commensalism describes a relationship in which one species benefits but the other is unaffected. This usually happen between groups of fish and sea anemones.For example, clownfish take refuge in sea anemones.

Ø Amensalism is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by itself.For example, the black walnut tree that secretes chemical to it’s neighboring plants.

Ø Parasitism is when one organism in the relationship benefits from the relationship, and when the other organism does not. For example, a tick on a white tailed deer.

OPPOSITIONAL RELATIONSHIP

Ø Predation is when one organism eats another organism to obtain nutrients. The organism that is eaten is called the prey.

For example, lion that eats gazelles.

Ø Competition is when individuals or populations compete for the same resource, and can occur within or between species.For example, lions and hyenas that compete for prey.

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