ecbcs slide show short version v2.2_march_2009

Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems Programme - ECBCS

Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems Programme (ECBCS)

International Energy Agency

An Introduction



to facilitate and acceleratethe introduction of energy conservation and environmentally sustainable technologies into healthy buildings and community

ECBCS Mission


healthy buildings and community systems, through innovation and research in decision-making, building products and systems, and commercialization


IntroductionThe IEA Organisation of R&D Collaboration

International Energy Agency (IEA)

Governing Board


Governing Board

Standing CommitteeCommittee on Energy Research & Technology (CERT)

Working Party onEnergy End-UseTechnologies

Working Party onRenewable EnergyTechnologies

Working Party onFossil FuelTechnologies

Fusion PowerCo-ordinatingCommittee

Energy Conservation in Buildingsand Community Systems Programme


IntroductionThe IEA ECBCS Programme

A collaborative Research & Development agreement (since 1977)Twenty-three member countries


Fifty-three research projects (Annexes) and three Working GroupsExtensive technology transfer


International Energy AgencyECBCS Implementing Agreement

IntroductionOutline of ECBCS Structure


ECBCS Implementing AgreementStrategic PlanResearch AnnexesCollaboration with other IEA programmes


IntroductionSummary of Current ECBCS ProgrammeParticipating Organisations

Universities47% (95) Government or

funding6% (12)


Total organisations: 202

Industry (utilities, consulting engineers, architects manufacturers)26%

(52)

Standardisation or research (commerical, not-for-profit or public) 21%

(43)


ECBCS Strategic Plan 2007-2012

Towards Near-ZeroPrimary Energy Use & Carbon Emissions


Primary Energy Use & Carbon Emissionsin Buildings & Communities



Current Environment and Challenges

A new demand for high performance buildings

Shift of emphasis from technology development to market-oriented development


Transition from first-cost-based business towards life-cycle-performance-based business

Solutions to fulfil ecological and economic demands, and social sustainability

An optimising and holistic approach needed



Emerging Trends

Changes in lifestyles, work and business environmentMovement towards iterative and interactive processesAnd from components to integral systems and solutions


Final goalIntegrated and performance-based solutions for energy efficient and environmentally friendly buildings and communities ,that support sustainability and produce carbon-free energy according to demand.



Future Outlook




Roadmap to 2030 - Vision

End-Users: Vision = Culture of Energy Awareness

Market and Business: Vision = Life-cycle performance based business


Vision = Life-cycle performance based business

Energy and Environment: Vision = Energy effective buildings using only renewable energy sources

Solutions not Components: Vision = Sustainable buildings and communities producing energy on demand



Drivers and Barriers for the introduction of more sustainable buildings and communities

DriversIncreasing scarcity of natural resourcesPopulation growthExtreme weather phenomenaGrowing awareness of environmental issues


Growing awareness of environmental issuesLegislation on environmental issues in building codesIncreasing interest in human health and wellbeing aspectsRapid and continuous urbanisation an opportunityAging population in industrialised countriesRise of living standards in developing countriesRapid development of ICT solutions



Drivers and Barriers for the introduction of more sustainable buildings and communities

BarriersLack of internationally harmonised terminologyLack of binding international agreements and targetsRapid and continuous urbanisation a challenge


Lack of skilled resources in industrialised countriesRise of living standards in developing countriesLack of knowledge policy makers, designers, consumers, many areasPerceived financial barriersPolitical barriers



R & D Strategies

The R&D strategies are derived from: Research drivers, national programmes within IEA countries, and

the IEA Future Building Forum Think Tank Workshop, March 2007


They represent a collective input to exploit technological opportunities to save energy in the buildings sector, and to

remove technical obstacles to market penetration. They apply to residential, commercial, office buildings and

community systems.

Focus areas: 1. Dissemination 2. Decision-making

3. Building products and systems



Strategies for Dissemination

The goal is to develop and improve information mechanisms, methods and tools in order to create powerful, energy and environmentally aware end-users and to create a basis for an attractive environment for new business models.


Focuses:Improve information mechanismsDevelop performance information platforms of existing building stocksInfluence information platforms of best practice business modelsInfluence reportive buildings and ratingsImpact on legislation and authorities



Strategies for Decision Making

The goal is to develop methodologies, methods and validated tools for the life cycle decision-making enabling processes to produce high-performance building and community solutions on demand.


Focuses:Develop performance indicators and criteria for sustainabilityDevelop tools for integrated design, construction and managementDevelop life-cycle commissioning methodology and ICT based commissioning toolsDevelop local energy planning tools


ECBCS Strategic Plan 2007-2012Strategies for Building Products and Systems

The goal is to develop and demonstrate highly resource-efficient new and retrofit/refurbishment building and community solutions, and advanced operating systems for their use and control.Focuses:

Develop solutions for carbon neutral energy production and


Develop solutions for carbon neutral energy production and consumptionDesign and demonstrate prefabricated and modular energy retrofit solutionsDevelop advanced control systems, sensor networks and user-interfaces


The products of the collaborative R&D work are:

Design guidesDesign methodologies, tools, software

ECBCS Strategic Plan 2007-2012Products


Design methodologies, tools, softwarePerformance analysis, methods and toolsGeneric energy saving technologies, e.g. building andsystem conceptsDemonstration, system analysis and assessmentInformation packages, technical reportsConferences, symposia, workshops


The ECBCS Annexes - OverviewECBCS Annual Programme Work Commitment (Ongoing Annexes)

Annex 418%

Annex 428%

Annex 4311%

Annex 4412%

Annex 45


Work commitment: 65 person-years / year

Annex 3611%Annex 38

13%

Annex 397%

Annex 4014%

Annex 458%

Annex 54%

ExCo + ESSU4%


The ECBCS Annexes - OverviewAreas of Application

Design and Business Environment

Design Tools, GuidesSoftware, AlgorithmsGuidelines, Process,

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Guidelines, Process, Evaluation

Building Assemblies and Systems

Building Envelope (window, walls)HVAC, Lighting Fuel Cell


The ECBCS Annexes - OverviewAreas of Application

Outreach and Commercialization

Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (Annex 5)


ECBCS Publications and WebsiteSeminars and Conferences


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesIntegrated Approach

Towards net zero energy solar buildings(to 2013)Total energy use in buildings: analysis and evaluation methods (to 2012)Prefabricated systems for low energy


Prefabricated systems for low energy renovation of residential buildings (to 2010)Integrating environmentally responsive elements in buildings (2009)Holistic assessment toolkit on energy efficient retrofit measures for government buildings (2008)Solar sustainable housing (2003)


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesInnovative Technologies

Heat pumping and reversible air conditioning (2009)The simulation of building integrated fuel cell and other cogeneration systems (2007)High performance thermal insulation (2004)Control strategies for hybrid ventilation in new and retrofitted


Control strategies for hybrid ventilation in new and retrofitted office buildings (2002)


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesHVAC & Energy Management

Total energy use in buildings: analysis and evaluation methods (to 2012)Low exergy systems for high performance buildings and communities (to 2010)Heat pumping and reversible air conditioning (2009)Cost effective commissioning of existing and low energy buildings (2008)Testing and validation of building energy simulation tools (2007)Commissioning of building HVAC systems (2004)


Commissioning of building HVAC systems (2004)Low exergy systems for heating and cooling (2003)Computer-aided evaluation of HVAC systems (2001)Bringing simulation to application (1998)Low energy cooling systems (1997)Real time HVAC simulation (1995)Building energy management systems (1992)Building HEVAC systems simulation (1987)Energy auditing (1987)


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesBuilding Envelope

Prefabricated systems for low energy renovation of residential buildings (to 2010)Integrating environmentally responsive elements in buildings (2009)Whole building heat air and moisture response (2007)


Whole building heat air and moisture response (2007)High performance thermal insulation (2004)Integral building envelope performance assessment (1999)Heat, air and moisture transport in insulated envelope parts (1995)Low slope roof systems (1993)Condensation and energy (1990)Windows and fenestration (1986)


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesSector Specific

Holistic assessment toolkit on energy efficient retrofit measures for government buildings (2008)Retrofitting in educational buildings energy concept adviser for technical retrofit measures (2002) (and working group (2005))Solar sustainable housing


Solar sustainable housing(2003)Energy efficiency in schools(+ working group)(1990)Energy management in hospitals (1989)


The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesEnvironment

Towards net zero energy solar buildings (to 2013)Energy efficient future electric lighting for buildings (2008)Energy related environmental impact of buildings (1999)Daylight in buildings (1999)Energy efficiency in cold climate buildings (working group)(1999)


Energy efficiency in cold climate buildings (working group)(1999)Environmental performance of buildings (1993)


The ECBCS Annexes - OverviewCommunity Systems Related Annexes

Energy efficient communities (Annex 51)(to 2011)Advanced local energy planning (1998)Energy efficient communities RealityReality P PBHKW S BHKW Coal BHKW_ _= P PBHKW S BHKW Coal BHKW_ _=

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Computer-assisted Modeling


Energy efficient communities (Annex 22)(1993)Local government energy planning (1983)Energy systems and design of communities (1981)

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The ECBCS Annexes - Overview Buildings Related AnnexesVentilation

The Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC) (ongoing)Evaluation and demonstration of domestic ventilation systems (2002)Energy efficient ventilation of large


enclosures (1996)Multizone air flow modelling (1996)Demand controlled ventilation systems (1992)Air flow patterns within buildings (1991)Inhabitant behaviour with regard to ventilation (1987)Minimum ventilation rates (1986)


Selected Projects 1979 - present



Selected Projects - Annex 5 (1979-)Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre

AIVC is Annex 5 of IEA ECBCS (1979-)Support of R&D on Air Infiltration and Ventilation


Support of R&D on Air Infiltration and VentilationParticipating Countries: Belgium, France, Greece, Netherlands, Norway, USAOperating Agent: INIVE eeig


Annex 5Publications

All available at www.aivc.orgTechnical NotesGuidesAnnotated Bibliographies


Annotated BibliographiesVentilation Information PapersQuarterly Newsletter AIRConference ProceedingsBibliographic database with several thousand references


Selected Projects - Annex 41 (2003-2007)Whole Building Heat, Air and Moisture Response

The project aimed to acquire a better knowledge of whole-building heat, air and moisture balance, and its effects on:

The indoor environment


The indoor environmentEnergy consumption for heating, cooling, air humidification and air dryingThe envelopes durability


Annex 41 Aspects of the Research

A detailed exploration of the complex physics involved, including Basic research,Further development of existing and new models, Measurement of the moisture storage function of materials,Measurement of the air permeance of envelope parts as


Measurement of the air permeance of envelope parts asbuilt, Mock up testing field testing and validation.

An analysis of the effects of the whole building HAM-response on ComfortEnclosure durabilityEnergy consumption


Selected Projects - Annex 42 (2003-2007)The Simulation of Building-Integrated Fuel Cell and other Cogeneration Systems

The project focussed on the modelling of fuel cell and other cogeneration technologies in the built environment

ObjectivesTo develop models to simulate the performance of fuel cells and other cogeneration systems and associated equipment, such as controllers, thermal cooling, thermal storage, refrigeration, fuel


controllers, thermal cooling, thermal storage, refrigeration, fuel processors, and power conditioning systems To characterize occupant-drivenelectrical usage patterns for various demographic groups and geographic locations, comprisinga significant component of the thermodynamic system that must be modelled by the simulation tools


Annex 42Objectives (continued)

To implement the new models into existing whole-building simulation programs To validate the models and


To validate the models and their implementation into the whole-building simulation programs To perform technical, environmental, and economic assessments of selected cogeneration applications using the new models

Fuel Cell Technologies


Selected Projects - Annex 43 (2003-2007)Testing and Validation of Building Energy Simulation Tools

Building energy analysis software is increasingly used in the design and planning of buildings.

Objectives of the projectTo create and make widely available a comprehensive and integrated suite of IEA Building Energy Simulation Test (BESTEST)


integrated suite of IEA Building Energy Simulation Test (BESTEST) cases for evaluating, diagnosing, and correcting building energy simulation software. To maintain and expand analytical solutions for building energy analysis tool evaluation. To create and make widely available high quality empirical validation data sets, including detailed and unambiguous documentation of the input data required for validating software, for a selected number of representative design conditions.


Annex 43Products

Final reports in the following research areas:

Ground Coupling Comparative TestsMulti-Zone and Air Flow Comparative Tests


Shading/Daylighting/Load Interaction Empirical ValidationTestsMechanical Equipment and Control Strategies Comparative and Empirical Validation TestsDouble Faade Building Comparative and Empirical Validation Tests


Selected Projects - Annex 44 (2004-2009)Integrating Environmentally Responsive Elements in Buildings

The greatest future potential for energy efficiency now lies in technologies that promote the integration of responsive elements in buildings.

With this approach, building design completely changes from


With this approach, building design completely changes from adding up individually designed elements and systems, to an integrated method reflecting a holistic approach, allowing:

o optimal use of natural energy strategies ando integrated renewable energy devices.

Leading to Integrated Building Concepts


Annex 44Responsive Building Elements Explained

Responsive Building Elements building construction elements which are actively used for transfer and storage of heat, light, water and air.

This means that construction elements like floors, walls, roofs, foundation ,etc., are logically and rationally combined and integrated with building services systems, such as heating,


integrated with building services systems, such as heating, cooling, ventilation and lighting.

Examples: Thermal Mass ActivationEarth CouplingAdvanced Integrated FacadesPhase Change MaterialsDynamic Insulation


Selected Projects - Annex 45 (2004-2008)Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings

More efficient use of lighting energy would limit the rate of increase of electric power consumption, reduce the economic and social costs resulting from constructing new generating capacity, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants.

Considerations for optimising


Considerations for optimising the energy efficiency of lighting:

Energy savings; Daylight use; Individual control; Light quality; Lifetime emissions; Total costs


Annex 45Objective

To identify and accelerate the widespread use of appropriate energy efficient high-quality lighting technologies and their integration with other building systems, making them the preferred


choice of lighting designers, owners and users.

Expected ProductEnergy Efficient Future Electric Lighting for Buildings: A Guidebook for Designers


Selected Projects - Annex 46 (2005-2008)Holistic Assessment Toolkit on Energy Efficient Retrofit Measures for Government Buildings

The project targets the decision-making process that determines the use of energy-saving measures in building retrofits.

Improvements are essential to avoid locking in long-term commitments to energy inefficiencies by adopting sub-optimal renovation methods.


renovation methods.

Aimed at executive decision makers and energy managers of Government buildings, performance contractors and designers.


Annex 46Objectives

To provide tools and guidelines to improve the working environment of Government buildings through energy-efficient retrofitting projects. Many results can be applied to similar private sector buildings;To provide recommendations on how to operate the retrofitted buildings;


Planned Product: An IT Toolkit, guidelines and best practice

buildings;To promote energy- and cost-efficient retrofit measures by providing successful examples;To support decision-makers in evaluating the efficiency and acceptance of available concepts;To find improved ways of using Energy Performance Contracts (ESPCs) for Government buildings retrofit measures.


Selected Projects - Annex 47 (2005-2009)Cost Effective Commissioning of Existing and Low Energy Buildings

The project seeks to enable the effective commissioning of existing and future buildings to improve their operating performance.

Techniques developed will help move the industry from the


Techniques developed will help move the industry from the current intuitive approach towards a more systematic approach to building operation, focussing on energy savings.

An ambitious data collection project will document the energy savings and non-energy benefits of commissioning.


Annex 47 (2005-2009)Research Areas

The aim of the project is to advance the state-of-the-art ofbuilding commissioning


Initial Commissioning of Advanced and Low Energy BuildingsCommissioning and Optimisation of Existing BuildingsCommissioning Cost-Benefit and Persistence


Selected Projects - Annex 48 (2005-2008)Heat Pumping and Reversible Air Conditioning

Substituting a boiler with a heat pump may save more than 50% of primary energy. Heat pumping is probably today one of the quickest and safest solutions to save energy and to reduce CO2 emissions.


The aim of the project is to promote the best heat pumping techniques applicable in the air conditioning of commercial buildings, emphasising their integration in the whole air conditioning system.

The project aims to make air conditioning as reversible as possible.


Annex 48 (2005-2008)Planned Products

Identification Tool, Typification and Selection GuideTo help practitioners and decision makers in making a rational choice between existing HVAC technologies, regarding the most efficient combination of heat and cold production.A Design GuideTo help the designers and decision in optimising the whole HVAC


To help the designers and decision in optimising the whole HVAC and heat pump systemA Commissioning and Optimal Operation GuideTo help designers, installers and operators in running the system in optimal conditions.Documented Case StudiesReferences and illustrations on how to use the above guides. Successful case studies will be made usable as demonstration projects.


Selected Projects - Annex 49 (2005-2008)Low Exergy Systems for High Performance Buildings and Communities

Using high quality energy (exergy), such as fossil fuels, is not necessary to satisfy the demands of heating and cooling buildings.

The project aims to


The project aims to improve the design of energy use strategies, accounting for the different qualities of energy sources, from generation and distribution to consumption.


Annex 49 (2005-2008)Expected Results

An IT based guidebook on how to implement advanced LowEx technology at a community level

Analysis concepts and design guidelines with regards to exergy metrics for performance and sustainability.


A collection of best practice examples for new and retrofit buildings and techniques to show the potentials of the new approach.


Selected Projects - Annex 50 (2006-2010)Prefabricated Systems for Low Energy/ High Comfort Building Renewal

Existing buildings account for around 80% of building energy consumption.

100-400 years needed at present rate, to improve existing buildings to current new-construction energy levels.

Holistic energy efficient renovations not the norm, but vital for optimal results.


optimal results.AimsInnovative whole building renovation concept for typical apartment buildings, including:

- Prototype, prefabricated roof systems with integrated HVAC, hot water and solar systems

- Highly insulated envelopes with integrated new distribution systems for heating, cooling and ventilation


Annex 50 (2006-2010)Features

AdvantagesAchieving energy efficiency and comfort for existing apartment buildings comparable to new advanced low energy buildings; Optimised construction, and quality and cost efficiency due to prefabrication;


prefabrication; Opportunity to create attractive new living space in the prefabricated attic space and by incorporating existing balconies into the living space; A quick renewal process with minimised disturbance for the inhabitants

Projected ProductsA Building Renovation Guide, Guidelines for System Evaluation, Documented Case Studies, A Technical Synthesis Report


Selected Projects - Annex 51 (2007-2011)Energy Efficient Communities

The design and continuous optimisation of long-term energy conservation and greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in

communities or city quarters

A holistic approach is crucial: generation, supply, transport, and


A holistic approach is crucial: generation, supply, transport, and use/demand, and both short and long-term measures

Enabling communities to set up their own local strategies forthe creation of sustainable and secure urban energystructuresAimed at planners, decision makers on urban investments,and local administrationsInclusive of modern management measures


Annex 51 Energy Efficient CommunitiesExpected Products

Increasing overall energy chain efficiency,from cradle to grave


State of the Art ReviewCase StudiesGuidebook to Successful Urban Energy

PlanningThe Community Energy Concept Adviser an interactive advice guide


Selected Projects - Annex 52 (2008-2013)Towards Net Zero Energy Solar Buildings

A joint project with the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme

Searching for a clear definition and international agreement onso-called zero energy.Demonstration projects with convincing architectural quality


Demonstration projects with convincing architectural qualityCost effective equalisation of small annual energy needs

Building-integrated heating/cooling systems, power generation andinteractions with utilitiesSupporting the NZEB concept intopractical reality in the marketplaceLowering industry resistance to adoption


Annex 52 Towards Net Zero Energy in BuildingsResearch Areas

Major building types (residential and non-residential)Existing and newVarying climatic zonesIndividual buildings, clusters of buildings and small


Individual buildings, clusters of buildings and smallsettlements

Projected Products of the ProjectHigh Performance Buildings DatabaseSource BookGuidelinesTools


Selected Projects - Annex 53 (2008-2012)Total Energy Use in Buildings Analysis & Evaluation Methods

Aims

To strengthen the robust prediction of energy usagein buildings


in buildings

To enable proper assessment of short- and long-term energy measures, policies, and technologies


Annex 53 Total Energy Use in BuildingsResearch Areas

A new methodology to analyse building energy use

Develop meaningful indicators of energy performance


A methodology of performance prediction of energy saving policies and technologies

Develop methodologies and technologies for long termmonitoring of energy use in buildings


ECBCS Executive Committee Support & Services Unit (ESSU)

WebsiteNewsletterAnnual ReportCoordination with


Coordination with IEA ActivitiesCoordination with non-IEA Activities

T: +44 121 262 1920F: +44 121 262 1994E: [email protected]: www.ecbcs.org

Contact:


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ESSUECBCS Newsletter

Published and freely available on the ECBCS website and in printApproximately 500 downloads each month from website


Circulation of printed edition:1800 copiesPublished twice every year in June and October


ESSUECBCS Annual Report

Published and freely available on the ECBCS website

Approximately 50,000 report downloads


each month from website

ecbcs slide show short version v2.2_march_2009

Documents

energy efficie

integral systems

research commerical

technology development

research projects annexes

performancebased solutions

costbased business

current environment