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Please read through the following examples and critique/comment

accordingly. Submit your answers online ASAP, on or before January 24Monday 5 pm

1. Given the hypothesis and the conclusion, is the conclusion valid/logical?

Why or why not?

Hypothesis:A relatn exists between a pregnant womans level of anxiety about the laborand delivery experience and the number of children she has already borne.The study data reveal a negative relatn between anxiety levels and parity

does exist.

Conclusion:Childbirth experience reduces anxiety

The conclusion that childbirth experience reduces anxiety is valid given thathypotheses are stated in the negative to fit statistical analysis tools. The

results reveal a negative relationship between anxiety levels and parity,meaning there is a positive relationship between the number of parity and

level of anxiety. As such, childbirth experience reduces anxiety.

The conclusion is valid because it was able to show the relationshipbetween the variables (a womans level of anxiety and delivery

experience and parity). It also shows a logical relationship.

2. Read through the example and comment on the outcome of the study, the

manner they stated their findings, interpreted their findings, etc.

Harrison, et.al (2004) hypothesized that the stability of a marital relationshipwould influence the ability of people with multiple sclerosis to acceptdisability. Consistent with the hypothesis, the researchers found in their

longitudinal study of 399 participants (all of whom were married at theonset) that the people who had remained married over the 6-year period

had a higher acceptance of their disability at the end of the study than

people whose marriages ended through a separation, divorce, or widowhood.A further analysis revealed that the relationship was significant for men, butnot for women.

The researchers interpretation was that marriage confers psychosocial

benefits, a conclusion that they support with evidence from other studies.

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They did not state on how they gathered the data, what tool was used,statistical tools.

3. Read through, analyze, then give your observations/comments:

Schultz, et.al.(2003) compared treatments for reducing postoperativenausea and vomiting in gynecologic surgery patients. Subjects wererandomly assigned to one of four groups (droperidol and acupressure bands;droperidol and placebo bands; placebo and acupressure bands; placebo

drugs and bands). It was hypothesized that fewer women in the combined

modality group than in other groups would experience moderate to severenausea and vomiting

4. Critique the following, is there something wrong? If so, what?

Medves and OBrien (2004) conducted a clinical trial to test the hypothesis

that thermal stability would be comparable for infants bathed for the 1st

time

by a parent and for those bathed by a nurse. As predicted, there was no

difference in temperature change between newborns bathed by nurses or

parents. The researchers provided additional support for concluding that the

loss is not associated with who bathes the newborn by indicating that a

power analysis had been used to determine sample size needs. They notedthat the parents for the 2 groups of infants were comparable

demographically at the outset. Also, although the prebath temps of the

infants in the 2 grps were significantly different, the researchers used initial

temperatures as a covariate to control these differences. Finally, they made

an a priori determination that a change in temp of 1degree would be

clinically significant; at 4 points in time after the bath, the grp differences in

temp were never this large; thus, the differences were clinically insignificant

- Hehe. I dont see something wrong. I guess they just need to simplifythe explanation.

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