driving innovations in road cars
DESCRIPTION
As a result, race technology has influenced many of the components of the car sitting in your driveway - from the basic engine design, to the position of the ignition, and even the rear-view mirror. I have some technologies that have already come to production cars.TRANSCRIPT
© Copyright Yash Jain
Driving Innovations In Road Cars From
Auto Racing
Seminar by:Yash Jain
Mechanical Engineering
Swami keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur
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Auto Racing Categories
1. Formula car racing2. Touring car racing3. Sports car racing4. Stock car racing5. Rallying6. Drag racing7. Off-Road racing8. Kart racing
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Formula Racing
• Most sophisticated vehicles • F1 car demands
Precision Incredibly fast reflexes Endurance from driver
Figure 1 : Formula 1 Race [1]
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Touring Car Racing
Road racing that is run with production derived race cars.
Figure 2: lap of 2012 WTC Race of Japan [2]
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Sports Car Racing• Production derived versions of sports cars also known as Grand Tourers(GTs) and purpose built sports prototype cars • Compete within their respective classes on closed circuits.
Figure 3: FIA GT 1 at Silverstone in 2011 [3]
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Stock Car Racing
•In North America, stock car racing is the most popular form of auto racing.[4]•The largest stock car racing governing body is NASCAR (National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing).
Figure 4: The 2012 FedEx 400 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race at Dover International
Speedway
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Rallying
Involves two classes of road legal production based car; Group N Production cars and more modified Group A cars. Figure 5: Andreas Mikkelsen driving a Ford Focus
WRC during the 2013 Rally de Portugal [5]
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Drag Racing
Objective is to complete a given straight-line distance, from a standing start.
Figure 6: Chevrolet cars in drag racing [6]
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Off-Road Racing
In off-road racing, various classes of specially modified vehicles, including cars, compete in races through off-road environments.
Figure 7: Lucas oil Off-Road Racing Series [7]
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Road Car technologies that came from Racing
1. Transmission2. Time Savers3. Traction Control4. Tires5. Brakes6. Suspension7. Dual Overhead Camshafts8. Engine Air intake9. Kinetic Energy Recovery System(KERS)10.New Materials
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Transmission
Automatic Transmission• Makes cruising in the town easy.• Shifts gear with no input from driver(other than the initial selection of Drive).Example: Direct-Shift Gearbox, Clutch-less Manual.
Figure 8: Automatic Transmission with manual mode [8]
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Time Savers• In racing, every second counts, what's faster than turning a key is push button ignition.•A number of production cars are using this racing technology, which starts the car at the touch of a button, not the turn of a key
Figure 9: Several production cars now feature push button ignition.[8]
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Traction Control• First developed by General Motors in 1970s.• Developed for Formula 1 cars in 1980s that inform the systems on today’s road cars.• Helps to provide as much traction as possible – on road car, it’s there to detect when car losing grip and to shuffle the power around as necessary to keep car safe; on a Formula One car, the same is happening in order to bang in quicker lap times.
Figure 10: Traction Control button on road cars[8]
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Tires• Tires are what connect the car to the road and keep the driver in control. Car racing teams understand that. • That's why they use high performance tires tailored to their particular form of racing.• Grooves in them allow the tire to channel things like water, or even snow and slush, away from the car.
Figure 12: Formula 1 car tire; Road car tire[8]
Tires contd. Off-Road or All-Terrain tires on
your car, the grooves are likely very deep and the rubber very bumpy. That type of tire gives the car teeth that can grip uneven or loose surfaces.
Sports Car, the tires likely have a fewer number of grooves and the grooves are typically shallower. That allows more of the tire's rubber to maintain contact with the road, making the car handle better.
Figure 13: Off-Road tires; Sports Car tires[9]
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Brakes• Disc brakes started appearing on race cars in the 1950s.• Disc brakes are also easier to keep cool. When brakes stop a car, they generate a lot of friction and heat.• Ceramic disc brakes have been used on race cars for some time, and are now showing up as options on some luxury sports cars.
Figure 14: Ceramic disc brakes from BREMBO [9]
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Suspension• In car racing, it's best to have all four tires maintain contact with the track.• Independent Suspension, allow each wheel to move without affecting the movement of the other wheels. • Formula One cars use multi-link suspensions, while NASCAR cars tend to use McPherson struts.• Both suspension types are available on a number of production cars.
Figure 11: Multi-link suspension(Top); Mc Pherson Strut(Bottom) [9]
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Dual Overhead Camshafts
•A camshaft, or cam, opens and closes the vales. If a car has two cams on engine, or dual cams, the valves can be open and shut more rapidly, allowing for better performance.•This type of engine design first appeared on race cars in the early 1900s,.
Figure 15: Double Overhead Camshafts[10]
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Engine Air Intake
• The more air that gets into an engine, the better it will breathe.•Also, engines give their best performance when the air they receive is cold. • Superchargers are designed for that purpose. Superchargers aren't allowed on • NASCAR or Formula One race cars; but are used in Drag Racing.
Figure 16: Lysholm 2300 supercharger [10]
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KERS
•It’s been in the sport since 2008.•Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems harvest energy under braking that would otherwise be wasted, and use it to supplement the car’s motive power. Figure 17: A KERS unit. [10]
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New Materials
• One of the most high-tech materials in race cars is Carbon Fiber.• Formula One race car bodies are almost entirely made out of carbon fiber.• Carbon fiber is extremely light and strong, and it's starting to appear on production cars.• Because it's so light, carbon fiber could radically increase fuel economy in production cars.
Figure 18: Carbon Fiber[10]
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ConclusionAs a result, race technology has influenced many of the components of the car sitting in your driveway - from the basic engine design, to the position of the
ignition, and even the rear-view mirror.I have some technologies that have already come to
production cars, but this is not the end.Race teams are working on innovating new
technologies for their vehicles and we might also get some or all of these technologies in our
production road cars.
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REFERENCES[1] http://cdn1.wonderfulengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/F1-wallpapers-12.jpg[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2012_WTCC_Race_of_Japan_(Race_1)_opening_lap.jpg[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2011_FIA_GT1_Silverstone_2.jpg[4] "Addition of Indy Car champ Hornish will give Penske third Cup team". ESPN Racing. November 8, 2007. Retrieved February 8, 2009.[5]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Largada_Stock125_Foto_Claudio_Reis.jpg[6]http://image.chevyhiperformance.com/f/eventcoverage/1012chp_nmca_edelbrock_drag_racing_series_maple_grove_raceway/35028528/1012chp_01_o%2Bnmca_edelbrock_drag_racing_series_maple_grove_raceway%2Bdrag_racing.jpg[7]http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/06/Lucas+Oil+Off+Road+Racing+Series+Jjp5rosAGsAl.jpg[8] http://www.gocompare.com/covered/2013/03/eight-driving-innovations-which-came-from-f1/[9] http://s1.cdn.autoevolution.com/images/news/how-multi-link-suspension-works- 7804_2.jpg[10] http://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/trends-innovations/top-10-car-tech-from-racing.htm#page=0
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