dr mohammad najafidr. mohammad najafi · dr mohammad najafidr. mohammad najafi director and...

DR MOHAMMAD NAJAFIDR. MOHAMMAD NAJAFI Director and Assistant Professor

Center of Underground Infrastructure Research and gEducation

USE OF TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGIES FOR A COMPREHENSIVEUSE OF TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGIES FOR A COMPREHENSIVE ASSET MANAGEMENT OF CULVERTS AND DRAINAGE

STRUCTURES

AUTHORS

Dr. Mohammad NajafiDirector, Center for Underground Infrastructure Research & Education (CUIRE),

Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0308, U.S.A.,

Phone: 817-272-0507, Fax: 817-272-2630, Email: [email protected]

Lynn OsbornSenior Applications Manager, Insituform Technologies,

17999 Edison Ave, Chesterfield, MO 63005, U.S.A., Phone: 636-530-8045, Fax: 636-530-8744,

Email: [email protected]

Topics Covered

1. Introduction

2 Background2. Background

3. Trenchless Technology

4. Research Objective

5 Conclusions5. Conclusions

6. References

Advanced Research Applied Research Applied EngineeringAdvanced Engineering

CUIRE Board Members

TT Technologies

Northwest Pipe

•CUIRE has helped in the following:•CUIRE has helped in the following:•Trenchless Technology Book•ASCE Pipeline 2003 ProceedingsASCE HDD M l f P ti•ASCE HDD Manual of Practice

•ASCE Auger Boring Manual of Practice•ASCE Pipeline Renewal Design Pamphlet (Under Review)•ASCE Pipe Bursting Manual of Practice (Under Review))•ASCE Pipe Ramming Manual of Practice (Scheduled for Completion in July-2007)

Outreach ActivitiesOutreach Activities

• Inspector SchoolsInspector Schools– Auger Boring & Pipe

Ramming School– HDD School– Pipe Bursting School

New Installations– New Installations– Pipeline Renewals

WWW.CUIRE.ORG

Outreach ActivitiesClassroom Training Field Hands onClassroom Training Field Hands-on

Training

NASTT Student Chapter• UCT and No-Dig

ConferencesConferences• CUIRE Schools• Guest SpeakersGuest Speakers• Field Trips

Abstract

• Culverts and Drainage Structures are difficult to• Culverts and Drainage Structures are difficult toinspect, repair or renovate them.

• Advantages of Trenchless Technologies• Advantages of Trenchless Technologies

– no obstruction to transportation systems

– Safe

increase life of the asset (double or triple the– increase life of the asset (double or triple theoriginal design life)

• Research : “Use of trenchless technologies for• Research : Use of trenchless technologies forculvert asset management and renewal.”

– AIM : comprehensive study and decision makingprocedures for asset management using

(Source: http://www pipefusion com)

trenchless technologies.http://www.pipefusion.com)

1. Introduction

• Highway culverts and drainage structures (≤10 feet or 3 meter)usually are

– concrete pipe (CP)corrugated metal pipe (CMP)– corrugated metal pipe (CMP)

– plastic pipe (PP)

• Severe and rising needs of renewing these culverts and drainagestructures

• Major barriers– budget allocations and resource limitations– Small diameter culverts have no access– Larger ones with possibility of manual inspection

1. Introduction (contd.)

• asset management procedures for culverts are a complex issue

A T T• Advantages of Trenchless Technologies– no obstruction to transportation systems– Safe– increase life of the asset (double or triple the original designincrease life of the asset (double or triple the original design

life)

• Trenchless technologies have there own capabilities and limitations• Trenchless technologies have there own capabilities and limitations

1. Introduction (contd.)

• Trenchless technologies have little field performance history

• Lack of comprehensive multi-scale engineering study

• The research project described provides– comprehensive multi-scale engineering study– decision making procedures using trenchless technologies

2. Background

• United States– approximately 4,000,000 miles (6,437,376 kilometers) of roadway– Worlds largest transportation network– Millions of culverts are installed under these roadways

• Surface infrastructure are preserved more than undergroundSurface infrastructure are preserved more, than undergroundinfrastructure

“out of sight is out of mind ”

• Theories, models, framework, management plans are developed totrack inspect repair and maintain the surface infrastructuretrack, inspect, repair and maintain the surface infrastructure

2. Background (contd.)

• Invisible critical components are been neglected

E• Existing culverts are established only when there is a problem orroadway failure

• Causes of culvert deterioration– Age– Corrosion

Surface loading– Surface loading– Change of service conditions etc.


• Factors accelerating deterioration may be:– Structural– Hydrological

E– Environmental and economical

• Infrastructure is the public’s asset– The public has a share in the expense of construction and

maintenance of these assets.Tax revenues are used to fund maintenance of these– Tax revenues are used to fund maintenance of theseinfrastructures


• Need of– Sound design– Construction guidelines– Budget allocations– Sustainable infrastructure policies

• This research project is to develop :– Complete set of engineering guidelines– design, construction, and inspection manual,, , ,– asset management– inventory protocols for culverts and drainage structures.

Big Hole and Corrosion in Significant Misalignment ofthe Invert of the Culvert the Culvert Structure

Misalignment of the Culvert Misalignment of the Culvert

Failure of the Headwall Cracks on the Pavement Due due to Heavy Spalling to Culvert Underneath

Vegetation and Heavy Spalling Infiltration CrackingVegetation and Heavy Spalling Infiltration, Cracking in the Headwall and Settlement

3. Trenchless Technologies

• trenchless renewal methods– Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP)– Sliplining (SL)

I L R (ILR)

• trenchless construction methods – Pipe Jacking (PJ)– Horizontal Direction Drilling

(HDD)– In-Line Replacement (ILR)– Close-Fit Pipe (CFP)– Panel Lining (PL)– Point Source Repair (PSR)

(HDD) – Pipe Ramming (PR)– Horizontal Auger Boring

(HAB)Point Source Repair (PSR)– Coatings and Linings (C&L)– Thermoformed Pipe (THP)

– Microtunnelling (MT)

(Source : Piehl 2005Piehl, 2005

)

Trenchless Methods

Construction Methods Renewal Methods

Utility Tunneling Cured-in-Place Pipe

Pipe Jacking

Horizontal Earth Boring

Close-fit Pipe

Thermoformed Pipe

Sliplining

Modified Sliplining

Horizontal Auger Boring

HDD

In-line Replacement

Localized Repair

Pilot Tube Microtunneling

Microtunneling

Lateral Renewal

Coatings & Linings

Pipe Ramming

Compaction Methods

Manhole RenewalSource: Najafi, 2005

3. Trenchless Technologies (contd.)

The methods can be selected based on

– capabilities and limitations of specific method

– Existing physical conditionsExisting physical conditions

– The nature of problem:

1.Structural

2 Non Structural2. Non Structural

3. Hydraulic

– Applicability to a specific project

Constructability– Constructability

– Maintenance requirements

– Costs, and life expectancy


• Present Trenchless Technology:– DOTs are using TT without standard methodology– Lack of centered decision support systems– Lack of comprehensive multi-scale engineering study – Ecological and hydraulic challenge have not been addressed yet – Hydraulic capacity of the culverts after the renewal is in

question

• These challenges have lead some U S DOTs to embark projects to• These challenges, have lead some U.S. DOTs to embark projects to study optimal ways of inspection, maintenance, and operation


• In 2006, a project entitled

“An Asset Management Approach for Drainage Infrastructures & Culverts,”

– funded by the Midwest Regional UniversityTransportation Research Center (MRUTC) atTransportation Research Center (MRUTC) atthe University of Wisconsin--Madison, Michigan Department ofTransportation (MDOT) and Ohio Departmentof Transportation (ODOT)


• The objectives of this project was :– develop inventory and condition assessment protocols– business rules for culvert structures

M O– validate and optimize above protocols in Michigan and Ohio.

• FindingsFindings– high rate of deterioration– Need for decision support system for renewal and repair


Another Project entitled

“Use of Trenchless Technologies for a Comprehensive Asset Management of Culverts and

Drainage Structures.”

funded by MRUTC MDOT and ODOT--- funded by MRUTC, MDOT and ODOT.

• This Project is currently being conducted by authors

• task force is formed to prepare a manual by the PipelineInfrastructure Committee of the Pipeline Division of the AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers (ASCE).

4. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

• Develop a handbook that provides up-to-date guidance to assess the existing condition of culverts

• Provide assistance in the selection and design

• Provide information on various methods of construction associated with culvert renewal

• Renewal that minimizes disruption to traffic

• Maximizing hydraulic capacity of the renewed culvert

4. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES (contd.)

• Phase I: – Review literature

– Identify types of culvert deterioration– Identify types of culvert deterioration

– Synthesize all methods to assess the condition of culverts and surrounding

– Design repairs for culverts needing renewalDesign repairs for culverts needing renewal

– Develop a culvert renewal decision process for engineers

• Assess the condition of a culvert and its surrounding soil

• Identify and design appropriate repair techniques• Identify and design appropriate repair techniques.

4. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES (contd.)

• Phase II:– to develop a Culvert Renewal Handbook

• Culvert renewal decision process• Guidance on available culvert evaluation techniques • Design and analysis methods• Renewal systems• Construction procedures, quality assurance/quality

control methods– to develop recommended, stand-alone specifications for

Design• Design• Construction • Quality control of culvert renewal projects

5 CONCLUSIONS5. CONCLUSIONS

• The proposed research framework will assist the decision-makers in allocating funds in order to maximize service life while minimizing direct costs and traffic disruptions.

• Decision process will consider:– condition of a culvert and its surrounding soil,– critical limit states – needed improvements – optimization of operations, renewal options– identify cycle issuesidentify cycle issues – quality control/quality assurance of construction procedures,

materials, and finished projects. – Consider social/political considerations

Acknowledgments• Midwest Regional University Transportation Center, College of

Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison

• Michigan DOT• Ohio DOT• Michigan State University• University of Cincinnati

Upcoming Events

For More Information:Dr. Mohammad Najafi

Director Center for UndergroundDirector, Center for Underground Infrastructure Research & Education

(CUIRE), Department of Civil Engineering,

The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington TX 76019 0308 U S AArlington, TX 76019-0308, U.S.A.,

Phone: 817-272-0507, Fax: 817-272-2630, Email: najafi@uta eduEmail: [email protected]

6 REFERENCES6. REFERENCES

• Bhattachar, D. V., Najafi, M., Salem, O., Funkhouser, P. and Salman, B. (2007). “Development of an Asset Management Framework for Culvert Inventory and Inspection,” Proceedings of the ASCE International Pipeline Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, July 8-, , ,11, 2007.

• Najafi, M. Wallace, R., Baxter, R. (2007). “Hydraulic Analysis of a Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) CIPP-Lined Culvert,” Proceedings ofCorrugated Metal Pipe (CMP) CIPP Lined Culvert, Proceedings of ASCE Texas Section Fall 2007 Meeting, Fort Worth, Texas, October 3-6, 2007.

• Najafi M and Gokhale S (2004) “Trenchless Technology – PipelineNajafi, M., and Gokhale, S. (2004). Trenchless Technology Pipeline and Utility Design, Construction and Renewal,” McGraw-Hill.

• Turner, D. S. (1999) “America’s Crumbling Infrastructure,” USA Toady (Society for Advancement of Education)(Society for Advancement of Education).

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