WHAT IS LEARNING?Dr. James M. Alo

is acquiring new knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, preferences or understanding, and may involve synthesizing different types of information.

Types of learning

1. Experiential Learning - is the process of formulating meaning from direct experience. Aristotle once said, "For the things we have to learn before we can do them, we learn by doing them."

2.Simple non-associative learning

a. Habituation- there is a progressive diminution of behavioral response probability with repetition of a stimulus.

b. Sensitization- progressive amplification of a response follows repeated administrations of a stimulus.

3. Associative learning- element is learned through association with a separate, pre-occurring element.

a. Operant conditioning- conditioning is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior.

b. Classical conditioning- involves repeatedly pairing an unconditioned stimulus (which unfailingly evokes a particular response) with another previously neutral stimulus (which does not normally evoke the response).

4. Imprinting- learning occurring at a particular age or a particular life stage that is rapid and apparently independent of the consequences of behavior.

5. Observational learning-most characteristic of humans is imitation; one's personal repetition of an observed behavior.

6. Play- generally describes behavior which has no particular end in itself, but improves performance in similar situations in the future.

7. Enculturation- a person learns the requirements of the culture by which he or she is surrounded, and acquires values and behaviors that are appropriate or necessary in that culture.

8. Multimedia learning- learner uses multimedia learning environments.

9. e-Learning and Augmented Learning- learner interacts with the e-learning environment, it's called augmented learning.

10. Rote learning- - focuses on memorizing the material so that it can be recalled by the learner exactly the way it was read or heard.

11. Informal learning- learning occurs through the experience of day-to-day situations.

12. Formal learning- is learning that takes place within a teacher-student relationship, such as in a school system.

13. Non-formal learning- is organized learning outside the formal learning system. For example: learning by coming together with people with similar interests and exchanging viewpoints, in clubs or in (international) youth organizations, workshops.

14.Non-formal learning and combined approaches- The educational system may use a combination of formal, informal, and non-formal learning methods.

15. Tangential Learning- is the process by which some portion of people will self-educate if a topic is exposed to them in something that they already enjoy such as playing an instrument like the guitar or playing the drums.

16. Dialogic Learning- learning based on dialogue.

Domains of learning

1. Cognitive--such as learning to recall facts, to analyze, and to solve a problem.

2. Psychomotor--such as learning to perform the correct steps in a dance, learning to swim, learning to ride a bicycle, or drive a car; and

3. Affective--such as learning how to like someone, "to hate sin", to love one's country (patriotism), to worship God, or to move on after a failed relationship.

OTHER Types of Learning1. Didactic learning- Instructive or intended to teach

or demonstrate,

2. Experiential education- transactive process between teacher and student involved in direct experience with the learning environment and content.

3. Action learning- focuses on research into action taken and knowledge emerges as a result that should lead to the improvement of skills and performance.

4. Adventure learning- hybrid distance education approach that provides students with opportunities to explore real-world issues through authentic learning experiences within collaborative learning environments.

5. Free-choice learning - Everyone engages in free-choice learning every day.

6. Cooperative learning- learning environments, students interact in purposely structured heterogeneous groups to support the learning of oneself and others in the same group.

7. Service learning- learning as a method of teaching, learning and reflecting that combines academic classroom curriculum with meaningful service.

Thank you.- Dr. James M. Alo