IDT 617

Adopter Categories

Innovators

Early adopters

Early majority

Late majority

Laggards

Adopters base their adoption of an innovation on:

Relative advantage

Compatibility

Complexity

Trialability

Observability

What is an instructional strategy?

Method of presenting information so that the learner constructs meaningful relationships between new knowledge and existing knowledge

What is a delivery strategy?

Means of choosing the correct delivery mechanism for the instruction

Good instructional strategies motivate the learner to generate or construct meaning Recall

▪ Repetition, rehearsal, etc.

Integration▪ Synthesizing sources

Organization▪ Understanding relationships

Elaboration▪ Adding your ideas

▪ Your goal is to facilitate understanding and, as much as possible, higher order thinking

Part-task practice and/or worked examples

Based on Cognitive Load Theory (Sweller, 1999; van Merrienboer, 1997)

Designers can use basic ID processes and message design principles to construct learning environments for complex tasks

Problem solving

Taxonomy of problem types and appropriate designs (Jonassen, 2011)

Game-based learning

Simulations

Collaborative learning/Distributed cognition

Social constructivist theories of learning (i.e. Vygotsky, 1978)

Literature in peer tutoring, reciprocal teaching…

Learning through social networking

Trends in instructional strategies are aligned with trends in instructional technologies

New technologies allow for innovative strategies not realized before the Clark-Kozma debate

Web 2.0 (Cloud Computing)

Collaborative technologies

Information sharing

Online/distributed learning

Virtual schools; K12, Military

Online universities and/or blended instruction

Learning Objects

Reusable objects designed for specific domains and/or concepts

MERLOT

Wisconsin Online Resource Center

http://www.trendsandissues.org/trends/Ch_31.html

▪ A list of learning object and digital content sites

Artificial intelligence PUSH Intelligent Tutoring Systems

PULL Data mining, testing ideas

Uses diagnostics to adapt to each learner Structured expert and pedagogical models

Instructional games and simulations Allow for complex problem solving Gamification Use of game structures in non-game environments

Fidelity in simulations Affects of realism on learners

Virtual worlds Worlds can be open or constructed specifically for

educational purposes Second Life Whyville

Allow for global collaboration and social learning

Instructional designers consider the strategy and delivery technology

When designers are involved in development, research guides message design (i.e. use of rich media)

Innovations are used when they can have a positive impact

Not just because they are cool

Describe an example of an innovative instructional technology

What is the technology?

How can it be used in an educational context?

▪ What instructional strategies are possible?

Has this technology been widely adopted?

▪ If yes, why?

▪ If no, why not?