Download - Transportation planning
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
TORSHA DATTA CHOUDHURI-110TOUSIF JAMAN-111
TUHIN MAJUMDAR-112TULIKA BARMAN-113
VED PRAKASH MANDAL-114
MENTORED BY PROF. SUMIT NARAYAN BOSE
TECHNO INDIA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
CIVIL ENGINEERING
28/04/2016
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
TRAFFIC FLOW CHARACTERISTIC
ACCIDENT STUDY TRAFFIC VOLUME STIDIES SPEED STUDY
FAQS FUNCTIONS METHODOLOGY ORIGIN-DESTINATION
STUDIES PARKING STUDIES
OVERVIEW
FAQS ON TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
What is urban transportation
planning?
Why are highways so important?
What is the future of urban transportation
planning?
Image source-www.pinterest.com
FUNCTIONS OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
1. To define transportation planning
2.To identify highway system
component
3. To forecast traffic volume after a certain
number of years
4. To recall the purpose and process
of construction planning design
5. To identify the mode choice behavior of commuters
METHODOLOGY
INVENTORIES
TRIP GENERATIO
N
TRIP DISTRIBUTI
ONMODAL SPLIT
TRAFFIC ASSIGNME
NT
PLAN PREPARATION
AND EVALUATION
TRIP GENERATION & DISTRIBUTION
The relationships between trips generated and the relevant variables are expressed as mathematical equations, generally in a linear form. For example,the model could take the following form:Tij = a0 + a1Z1j + a2Z2 j +L+ anZnj
The Gravity Model is as followsTij=
The function used to estimate the total utility provided by a mode option -
Um = bm++e
Modal split
Image source-EMBARQ
ORIGIN-DESTINATION STUDIES
METHODS OF ORIGIN AND DESTINATION STUDIES
Road side interview method Return postcard method
Tag on car method Home interview method Work spot interview methodImage source- hits_training.com, www.pbase.com, www.pinterest.com, wikipedia.org, www.wahm.com, www.dumblittleman.com
TYPICAL DESIRE LINE MAP AND ROUTE VOLUME MAP
Desire line map
Route Volume map
Image source-www.urbanohio.com, www.globalsecurity.org
Parking is one of the major problems that is created by the increasing road traffic. It is an impact of transport development. The availability of less space in urban areas has increased the demand for parking space especially in areas like Central business district. This affects the mode choice also. Parking also has a great economical impact.
PARKING STUDIES
www.urbancapture.com
OBJECTIVE OF PARKING STUDIES
Parking studies are used to evaluate the facilities available like• Parking demand-The parking demand varies during
the day and reaches a peak value during heavy parking demand time
• Parking characteristics – It refers to the practices prevalent in the area under consideration, mainly whether the vehicles are parked on street or off street
• Parking space inventory- the area under study is surveyed and kerb parking and off street parking facilities are plotted on a map
PARKING SYSTEM
On street parking
• Parallel parking• 30 parking• 45 parking• 60 parking• Right angle parking
Off street parking
• Mechanical car parking• Multistory car parking• Roof car parking• Surface car parking• Underground parking
www.wikipedia.org, www.urbancapture.org, www.pinterest.com
ACCIDENT STUDIES
The problem of accidents in India is acute due to complex flow pattern of vehicular traffic along with pedestrians
Objectives of accident studies• To evaluate existing design,
regulation and control measures• To study the causes of accident and
suggest corrective treatment• To support proposed changes in
design in the particular zone• To carry out ‘before and after’
studies after implementing changes
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
Road user VehicleRoad and
its condition
Traffic Road design
ACCIDENT STUDIES & TYPICAL COLLISION DIAGRAM
Collection of accident data
Preparation of accident report
Preparation of local file
Preparation of diagrams showing type of
collisions
Application of data collected for prevention
of accidents in the future
Image source-ntl.bts.gov
TRAFFIC VOLUME & DENSITY
TRAFFIC VOLUME(Q) • Number of vehicles
passing a particular point during unit time.
• Vehicles/hr• Measured in daily
volumes(ADT/AADT) or Hourly volumes
TRAFFIC DENSITY(K)• Number of vehicles
occupying a unit length of road at any instant.
• Vehicles/km• K= (Vs free mean
speed)
TRAFFIC CAPACITY
Traffic volume-actual rate of flowTraffic capacity- maximum rate of flow
Types of capacity :
Basic capacity
Possible capacity
Practical capacity
Passenger car unit is an equivalence factor use to convert the flow of different vehicle classes into one standard vehicle known as passenger car.
Passenger car unit (PCU)
FACTOR AFFECTING TRAFFIC CAPACITY
Lane width Lateral clearance
Width of shoulders
AlignmentPresence of intersection
sRoad
geometrics
SPEED STUDIES
Speed studies are the studies which are carried out to know the general trends in speeds of different vehicles over a particular route depending on various factors
Classified into two groups:
Spot speed study
Speed and delay study
SPOT SPEED STUDIES
The instantaneous speed of a vehicle at a point or cross section is known as spot speed
Space mean speed• Average speed of
vehicles in a certain road length at any time
Time mean speed• Average of
instantaneous speeds of observed vehicles at the spot
PRESENTATION OF SPOT SPEED DATA
Speed distribution
table
Frequency distribution
diagram
Cumulative speed
distribution diagram
SPEED DELAY STUDIES
Floating curve metho
d
License plate metho
d
Interview
method
Conclusion
We would like to express our gratitude to the following people-Professor Sumit Narayan BoseDr Indranil Mukherjee,And the entire Faculty of Department of Civil Engineering, Techno India College of Technology
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
1. Road accidents in India, 2009.2. V F Babkov. Road Condition and traffic safety. MIR Publishers, Moscow, 2019.3. J Stannard Baker. Traffic Accident Investigation Manual. The traffic Institute
Northwestern University, 2019.4. Milan Batista. On the mutual coefficient of restitution in two car collinear collisions,
2006.5. S K Khanna C E G Justo. Highway Engineering. Nem Chand and Bros, Roorkee, 2001.6. K W Ogden, S Y Taylor. Traffic Engineering, and Australia. Management. Monash
University. Melbourne. Traffic Engineering and Management. Monash University Melbourne, Australia, 2019. Louis J Pignataro. Traffic Engineering. USA, 2019
7. Highway Engineering by S.K.Khanna and C.E.G.Justo (NemChand and Bros.)8. Highway engineering by Martin Roger www.nptel.ac.in www.wikipedia.org www.in.pinterest.com