Download - Thiet Ke Nha May San Xuat Malt Vang Voi

5/22/2018 Thiet Ke Nha May San Xuat Malt Vang Voi

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LI M U

Cng vi s pht trin ca nn kinh t th gii, Vit nam ang dnvn ln

v t khng nh mnh, v vy i sng vt cht v tinh thn ca ngi dn khng

ngng c nng cao. Vi quan im n no, mc m nh ngy xa khng cn na

m thay vo l khng nhng n ngon m cn mc p. p ng nhu cu ca

ngi tiu dng cc ngnh cng nghip ni chung v cng ngh thc phm ni

ring khng ngng hon thinv cho ra i nhng sn phm rtphong ph v a

dng v chng loi, trong c bia - y l ung c a chung hu ht ccnc trn th gii, m nguyn liu chnh sn xut bia l malt.

Malt l sn phm c ch bin t cc ht ha tho nh i mch,tiu mch,

thc, ng, sau khi ny mm trong iu kin nhit v m nhn to xc nh.

Malt l mt loi bn thnh phm nhng rt giu cht dinh dng: cha 1618% cc

cht phn t d hatan, ch yu l ng n gin, dextrin bc thp, cc axit amin,

cc cht khong, cc nhm vitamin v c bit c h enzim phong ph, ch yu l

amylaza v proteaza. Malt i mch khng nhng l tc nhn ng ha m cn l

nguyn liu chnh sn xut cc loi bia. Ngoi ra malt cn c dng chbin

cc loi thc phm c cht lng cao nh bt dinh dng cho tr em, cc loi

ung tng hp cho ngi gi v ph nc thai, tc nhn dch ha trong sn xut

cn t tinh bt,...

p ng nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng nc ta hng lotcc nh my bia

c mc ln, nhng nh my sn xut malt li rt t, v vy nguyn liu phi nhp

tnc ngoi nn ko theo gi thnh sn phm cng tng cao. Trc tnh hnh ,

victhitkv xy dngnh my snxutmalt l rtcnthit, do em c

giao ti: Thit k nh my sn xut malt vng vi nng sut 18.000 tn sn

phm/ nm.


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CHNG 1

LP LUN KINH T- K THUT1.1. Tnh cn thit phi xy dng:

Trcspht trinca nnkinh tnhhinnay th isngcon ngingy

cng c nng cao, nhu cu s dng cc sn phm thc phm l rt ln v a

dng. V vyhng lot cc nh my thc phm c mc ln nh nh my bnh

ko, nh my bia, nh my ncgiikht, Trong nh my sn xut bia ngy

cng c m rng v tng nng sut phc v nhu cu ngy cng tng ca ngitiu dng.

Nguyn liu chnh sn xut bia l malt i mch nhng vi kh hu nc

ta th khng thch hp cho vic trng cy i mch, x s ca chng l t cc nc

Ty u. Chnh v vy m phi nhp malt t nc ngoi v nn gi c th trng ca

sn phm cng tng ln.Mtkhc, Vit Nam l thnh vin ca tchcWTO nn

vnchtlngv gi crtquan trngv phichuscnhtranh rt ln, v vy

gy rt nhiu kh khn cho cc nh thc phm. Bi v l p ng nhu cu ca

ngi tiu dng, snxutra cc snphmttv c gi thnh hpl th giiphp

ttnht l c cnguncung cpnguyn liuchtlngv rtin. Chnh v vy

vic xy dng nh mysn xut malt vng l rt cn thit. Ngoi ra, vic xy dng

nh my sn xut malt cn mang li nhiu ngha kinh t: n gp phn lm tng

ngn sch nh nc v gii quyt cng n vic lm cho ngi lao ng hn ch tht

nghip gp phn gim thiu cc t nn x hi. Sau khi nghin cu kh nng cung cp ngun nguyn liu i mch v cc

yu t nh hng n vic lp t, thi cng, s hot ng, kh nng thu hi vn, li,

... em quyt nh chn v tr t nh my ti khu cng nghip Ho Khnh, thnh ph

Nng.

1.2. C s thit k:

1.2.1. c im t nhin: Nng l mt thnh ph ln ca c nc v l trung tm ca min Trung


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vi hng gi ch o l ng Nam. Kh hu c th chia lm hai ma: ma nng t

thng 1 n thng 8, ma ma t thng 9 n thng 12, nhit trung bnh l 26 0C,

nhit nng nht trong nm l 370C, m tng i ca khng kh l 77%.

Khu cng nghip Ha Khnh c v tr kh thun li: gn ng quc l 1A,

gn trung tm thnh ph c iu kin thun li v giao thng, c nhiu cng, sn

bay quc t,ng thi l trung tm cung cp nguyn liu cho cc nh my bia

nh: bia Larger, bia Larue, bia Huda, bia Dung Qut, bia Qui Nhn,

V vy vi iukinkh huv a hnhnhth,victhit k xy dngmt

nh my snxutmalt y rtl hp l.

1.2.2. Ngun cung cp nguyn liu:

i vi cc nh my thc phm ni chung v sn xut malt ni ring th vic

cung cp nguyn liu l rt quan trng, phi c mt ngun cung cp nguyn liu n nh.

i mch l loi cy khng thch hp vi kh hu nc ta, n ch c trng

th nghim mt s vng nh Cao Bng, SnLa. V vy ngun cung cp nguyn

liu cho nh my c nhp t cc nc Ty u. Vi h thng giao thng ca

thnh phv hthngcucngln, sn bay quc t, th vicnhpkhuv vnchuynnguyn liusrtthuntinv nhanh chng.

1.2.3. Ngun cung cp in:

Trong nh my s dng in vn hnh thit b, chiu sng, phc v cho

sinh hot,

Ngun in cung cp cho nh my hot ng c ly t mng in quc gia

thng qua cc trm bin p ca khu vc t 500KW xung cn 220/380V.

Ngoi ra m bo cho nh my hot ng lin tc v ch ng trong sn

xut, trong nh my cn lp t thm mt my pht in d phng.

1.2.4. Ngun cung cp hi:

Vi nng sut 18.000 tn sn phm/nm th vic vn hnh mt s thit b

trong nh my (c bit l h thng sy malt) cn s dng mt lng hi kh ln.

V vy nh my cn t l hi vi cng sut hp l. Nc dng cho l hi phi m

bo cc ch tiu ha l cn thit va ko di tui th ca l hi va m bo an


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ton cho cng nhn vn hnh. Trc khi vo l hi nc phi c x l qua h

thng ring.

1.2.5. Ngun cung cp nhin liu:

Ngun nhin liu m nh my s dng l du DO, FO, xng, nht, du

diezen, c cung cp bi cc cng ty xng du trong khu vc.

1.2.6. Ngun cung cp nc:

Nc ng vai tr rt quan trng trong nh my, n c dng vo nhiu

mc ch khc nhau, phc v cho nhiu cng on khc nhau. V vy khu vc

Ha Khnh c nh my nc Thy T vi cng sut 140.000m3/ngy m phc v

cho dn c Ha Khnh v cc vng ln cn ng thi cng phc v cho khu cng

nghip Ha Khnhtrong c nh my chng ta cn t.

Ngoi ra m bo cho vic sn xut lin tc nh my cn o thm ging

nhng nc phi c x l trc khi a vo sn xut.

Ty thuc vo mc ch s dng v tng cng on m yu cu cht lng

nc cng khc nhau, do vy trong nh my c khu vc x l nc.

1.2.7. Vn thot nc:Nh my t gn bin nn rt thun li cho vic thot nc. Ton b nc

thi ca nh my c a qua h thng x l nc thi ri cho thot ra bin.

Nhng phi m bo ncthot ra khng gy nhim mi trng; h thng thot

nc tt, khng ng gy nh hngn nh my cng nh cc khu vcxung

quanh.

1.2.8. Giao thng vn ti:

Nng l mt thnh ph pht trin mnh ngy cng cng nghip ha, hin

i ha, n p ng y cc yu cu v giao thng vn ti. Vi h thng ng

b(nm trn tuyn hnh lang kinh t ng Ty vi ng quc l 1A chy qua),

ng thy, ng st lin kt chy t Bc vo Nam ng thi c sn bay quc t

rt thun li cho vic vn chuyn,nhp nguyn liu hay xut sn phm.M khu

cng nghip Ha Khnh khng nm xa trung tm thnh ph nn vic i li, vn

chuyn rt thun li.


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1.2.9. Ngun nhn lc:

Ngun nhn lc y rt di do, ngoi dn c thnh ph ra cn thu ht

ngun lao ng t cc khu vc ln cn nh: Qung Nam, Qung Ngi, Bnh nh,

Hu,c bit l ngun nhn lc c o to vi cht lng cao cc trng

i hc v Cao ng, Trung cp hay cc trng ngh Nng v cc khu vc ni trn.

Vi i ng cng nhn v cn b cht lng cao s gp phnnng cao nng

sut cho nh my, em li hiu qu kinh t cao.

1.2.10. Th trng tiu th:

Nng ngy cng pht trin i sng ca ngi dn ngy cng c nng

cao, nhu cu tiu dng ngy cng ln, Nng ang tr thnh th trng hp dn

ca cc nh u t. Cc c s, chi nhnh sn xut bia ngy cng mc ln nhiu -

l ngun tiu th u tin sn phm ca nh my malt, ngoi ra malt cn c cung

cp lm nguyn liu cho cc nh my bia cc tnh ln cn.

Qua nhng phn tch trn, em thy vic xy dng mt nh my sn xut malt

ti khu cng nghip Ha Khnh vi nng sut nh vy l hon ton hp l v kinh

t. Vic xy dng nh my y khng nhng gii quyt vic lm cho ngi dnthnh ph m c cc tnh ln cn, gp phn tng ngn sch nh nc ng thi

p ng nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng, a thnh ph Nng i ln mt tm cao mi.


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CHNG 2

TNGQUAN VNGUYN LIUV CHT H TRKTHUT

Ngun nguyn liu chnh sn xut malt vng l i mch - c nhp

khu t cc nc Ty u, ngoi ra trong qu trnh sn xut cn s dng cht h tr

k thut.

2.1. i mch:

i mch l ging gieo trng thuc nhm thc vt c ht, phn nhm b t,

lp 1 l mm, h la m. C ngun gc t Iran chu rt

khe c trng nhiu vng n i, vi kh hu nc

ta vic trng cy la mch khng thch hp nn nguyn

liu i mch c nhp khu t nc ngoi.

Chu k sinh sn ca ht i mch t 100120 ngy,

hoa i mch nm phn trn cng ca cy v kt thnhbng, mi bng gm 2 b phn: trc bng v gi. Gi

thc cht l cun ht nh trc tip vo trc bng. Tu vo s hng m ta c i

mch hai hng hay i mch a hng.

Trong cng nghip sn xut bia dng ch yu l i mch hai hng, du hiu

c trng ca chng l hnh dng ht rt cn i.

2.1.1. Cu to ht i mch:

Xt theo quan im thc vt hc, ht i mch l mt loi ht ging bnh

thng ging nh ht ca cc loi qu. Ht ca i mch bao gm 3 b phn chnh:

v, ni nh v phi.

2.1.1.1. V:

Hu ht ht cc loi i mch c bao bc bn ngoi bng lp v tru, c

mts t i mch khng c lp v ny, nhng loi i mch khng dng sn

xut bia.

Hnh 2.1: Cy i mch.


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V tru c hnh thnh t i hoa, i hoa l cng c bo v cc c quan

bn trong ca ht trong qu trnh hnh thnh v chuyn ha ca n. i mch hai

hng, v tru ca ht kh mng v mm mi, cn i mch a hng th v tru

dy v th hn.Thnh phn ha hc ca v tru ch yu l xenlluloza kt cht li nh

cht khong v linhin.

Di lp v tru l lp v qu c cu to t 3 lp t bo, vi cu trc nh

vy lp v qu rt dai v bn vng.

Di lp v qu l lp v ht bao gm 2 lp t bo: lp ngoi dy, lp trong

trong sut. Lp v ht ny c vai tr nh mt mng bn thm: ch cho nc thm

vo bn trong ht ng thi gi cc cht ha tan trong ht khng cho thm ra ngoi.

Trong cc loi v th v tru l cu t chim trng lng ca v nhiu nht.

V tru chim 78% i vi i mch hai hng c cht lng cao, cn i mch a

hng chim 1011%.

Trng lng ca v chim 10,513% trng lng ca ht, v ht l thnh

phn khng c gi tr dinh dng.

2.1.1.2. Ni nh:y l thnh phn ln nht ng thi l phn c gi tr nht ca ht i mch.

Phn ngoi cng ca ni nh, tip gip vi lp v ht l lp alron. Ging

i mch khc nhau th lp alron ny cng khc nhau. i mch hai hng lp

alron bao gm hai lp t bo, cn i mch a hng th s lp t bo nhiu hn.

Lp alron rt giu protein, cht bo, ng, xenlluloza, pentozan, vitamin v cht tro.

Di lp alron l phn ni nh tht ca ht,gm cc t bo ln c thnh

mng cha y cc ht tinh bt, mt t protein, xenlluloza, cht bo, tro v ng.

2.1.1.3. Phi:

Phi chim khong 2,55% so vi trng lng ca ht. Phi c vai tr rt

quan trng khng nhng i vi s sng lu truyn ca cy m ngay c trong cng

ngh sn xut bia, n c coi l phn sng ca ht.

Trong cng ngh sn xut malt, i mch ny mm tc l s hot ng pht

trin ca phi tr thnh malt. Trong giai on ny mm h enzyme trong ht


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c hot ho chng sct mt s hp cht dinh dng cao phn t tr thnh

cc phn t nh hn. Mt phn cc hp cht thp phn t s nui cy non,phn cn

li tn ti trong ht sau ny bin thnh cht ha tan ca dch ng. Nu thiu

phi th c s l thuyt ca qu trnh sn xut malt coi nh sp .

Phn tip gip gia phi v ni nh l ng. Ng l mt mng bn thm n

ch cho php cc cht ha tan t ni nh thm qua chuyn v phi v nc t

pha phi i vo ni nh.

2.1.2. Thnh phn ha hc ca i mch:

Thnh phn ha hc ca i mch rt phc tp, n ph thuc vo ging i

mch, iu kin t ai, kh hu, k thut canh tc v iu kin bo qun.

2.1.2.1.Nc (thy phn):

Nc nh hng rt ln n qu trnh vn chuyn v bo qun ht i mch.

Nu hm cao s kch thch qu trnh h hp v t bc nng ca ht dn n tn tht

cht kh trong qu trnh bo qun. Mtkhc, thy phn cao qu mc s to iu

kin thun li cho vi sinh vt pht trin, khng nhng th m i mch c thy phn

cao s lm tng chi ph vn chuyn dn n khng kinh t. 2.1.2.2. Gluxit:

Gluxit bao gm 4 nhm: monosaccharide, disaccharide, trisaccharid v polysaccharide.

- Monosaccharid trong i mch bao gm: glucoza v fructoza.- Disaccharidbao gm: saccharoza v maltoza.- Trisaccharid: thnh phn chnh l ng rafinoza.- Polysaccharid l hp phn chim nhiu nht trong thnh phn gluxit ca ht

i mch. Chng bao gm: tinh bt, xenlluloza, pentozan, amilan v cc hp cht

dng keo.

1. Tinh bt:

Tinh bt l thnh phn chim t l cao, hn mt na khi lng cht kh ca

hti mch l tinh bt, nu ging i mch c cht lng cao th c th ln n 70%.

Trong cng ngh sn xut malt th tinh bt l ngun cung cp thc n d tr

cho phi, cn trong cng ngh sn xut bia th tinh bt l ngun cung cp cht ha


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tan cho dch ng trc lc ln men.

Tinh bt tn ti di dng nhng khi lp th, c kch thc kh b c gi

l ht tinh bt. Ht kch thc to c ng knh khong 2030m, ht kch thc

nh c ng knh khong 210 mchng c phn b ch yu ni nh v mt

phn rt t phi.

Thnh phn ha hc ca tinh bt bao gm amylaza v amylopectin, hai cu

t ny khc nhau v cu to phn t, tnh cht l hc v ha hc.

Trong mi trng giu nc, tinh bt b thy phn bi h enzim amylaza

to thnh dextrin, ng maltoza, glucoza v mt s oligosaccharide khc. S thy

phn tinh bt bi enzim amylaza ng vai tr quan trng trong cng ngh sn xut

malt v y l phn ng c tnh cht l nn tng xy dng nn c s l thuyt ca

qu trnh ngm, m mm v sy malt.

2. Xenlluloza:

Xenlluloza trong ht i mch ch yu c phn b lp v tru v chim

khong 20% cht kh ca v.

Xenlluloza c cu to t 200010000 gc ng glucoza, sp xp thnhmch di, xon li thnh tng chm. Do c cu trc nh vy nn xenlluloza rt dai

v rtkh b phn ct trong mi trng bnh thng.

3. Hemixenlluloza:

Hemixenlluloza l thnh phn ch yu to nn thnh t bo. Di tc

dng ca nhm enzim sitaza, n b thy phn thnh hexoza v pentoza, qu trnh

thy phn ny c gi l sitoliza. Qu trnh ny ng vai tr rt quan trng giai

on m mm v y l bc t ph cc enzim khc xm nhp vo bn

trong t bo.

4. Cc hp cht pectin v cc cht dng keo:

Cc hp cht pectin phn b thnh t bo to ra mng trung gian, trong

cc hp cht pectin th protopectin chim t l cao.

Cc hp cht pectin c bn cht l hydratcacbon cho nn khi b thy phn s

cho ra cc sn phm l ng n galactoza v xiloza.


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5. Saccharid thp phn t:

Saccharid trong ht ch yu l mt s ng n v ng kp. Cu t

chim t l cao nht l ng saccharoza (1,8% khi lng cht kh ca ht), n

c phn b nhiu phi; cn hm lng ng glucoza v fructoza khng ng

k (0,30,4%).

Tuy cc loi ng n gin trong ht i mch khng nhiu nhng chng

ng vai tr rt quan trng i vi s pht trin ca phi, c bit l giai on u

ca qu trnh m mm.

2.1.2.3. Cc hp cht cha nit:

Hm lng cc hp cht cha Nit trong i mch khong 911% so vi

khi lng cht kh ca ht.

1. Protit:

Protit trong ht phn b ch yu lp alron v phi,mt phn rt nh

lp t bo bao quanh ni nh.

S thy phn protit l mt trong nhng qu trnh quan trng nht trong cng

ngh sn xut malt v bia, cc sn phm thy phn ca chng ng vai tr nht nhtrong tin trnh cng ngh.

Protit trong i mch c chia thnh 2 nhm: protit n gin (protein) v

protit phc tp (proteid).

Trong nhm protein, cc i din tiu biu l leukozin, edestin, hodedin v glutelin.

Proteid l nhng hp cht c to thnh t mt phn t c bn cht pro tein

v mt phn t khc c bn cht phi protein. i din tiu biu ca nhm ny l

nucleoproteid, lipoproteid, glucoproteid v phosphoproteid. c im chung ca

proteid l km ha tan hoc ha tan khng bn vng.

2. Cc hp cht cha nitphi protit:

Nhm hp cht ny c cc i din tiu biu l albumoza, peptone, peptit,

polypeptide v axit amin. Cc cht ny c vai tr quan trng trong cng ngh sn

xut bia.


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2.1.2.4. Cc hp cht khng cha nit:

Nhm ny bao gm cc hp cht hu cv v c khng cha nit, khi c

chit ly bng nc th chng ha tan thnh dung dch.

i din trong nhm ny l: polyphenol, cht ng, fitin, axit ha c,

vitamin v cht khong.

1. Polyphenol v cht ng:

Polyphenol trong ht i mch ch yu tp trung lp v. Nhng hp cht

thuc nhm ny c tnh cht rt li trong cng ngh sn xut bia l d dng kt

hp vi protit cao phn t to thnh phc cht d kt lng, lm tng bn keo

ca sn phm nhng bn canh s ha tan ca polyphenol vo dch ng li l

nhn t lm xu i hng v v ca bia.

2. Fitin:

Fitin c cng thc phn t C6H6O6(H2PO3)6. Chng tp trung ch yu v

v chim n 0,9% cht kh ca v. Khi b thy phn s to thnh inozit C6H6(OH)6

v axit phosphoric.

3. Vitamin:

i mch cha nhiu loi vitamin nh: B1, B2, B6, C, PP2, tin vitamin A, E,

axit pentotenic, biotin, axit pholievic v nhiu dn xut vitamin khc.

Tuy hm lng t nhng vitamin trong i mch ng vai tr quan trng

trong cng ngh sn xut malt v chng l nhn t iu ha sinh trng ca mm.

4. Cht khong:

Trong i mch c nhiu loi cht khong nh: P2O5, MgO, CaO, SiO2, K2O,

Cc cht khong trong i mch ng vai tr quan trng trong cng ngh sn

xut malt v bia.c bit l nguyn t phospho,c vai tr thit yu trong vic hnhthnh h thng m trong dch ng.

2.1.2.5. Cht bo v lipoid:

Cht bo v lipoid trong ht i mch ch yu tp trung phi v lp alron,

chim khong 2,53% hm lng cht kh ca ht.

giai on m mm, mt phn cht bo v lipoid b thy phn bi enzim


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lipaza. Mt s sn phm thy phn c chuyn n phi nui cy non, s cn

li hoc tn ti trong dch ng hoc thi ra ngoi theo b malt trong cng ngh

sn xut bia,nu chngtn ti trong bia s lm gim bn keo ca sn phm.

2.1.2.6. Pherment (enzim):

Enzim l nhng hp cht hu c c hot tnh rt cao, c cu to phn t rt

phc tp v gi vai tr c bit quan trng trong cng ngh sn xut bia.

Hot lc ca cc enzim rt cao trong giai on hnh thnh ht, khi ht chn

th hot lc ca chng gim ng k. Khi sy n hm m 13% th hu ht h enzim

trong ht khng hot ng tr thnh trng thi lin kt. Trong qu trnh ngm ht

ht nc, hm m ca ht tng ln 4344% th h enzim trong ht c gii phng

khi trng thi lin kt, chuyn thnh trng thi t do, n giai on m mm th

hot lc ca cc enzim cao nht.

Trong ht imch cha mt lng enzim rt phong ph, chng c xp

vo cc nhm khc nhau. c phn thnh hai nhm chnh: hydrolaza v

decmolaza.

1. Hydrolaza (enzim oxy ha - kh):Ph thuc vo c cht b thy phn, hydrolaza c chia thnh cc phn

nhm sau: cacbohydraza, proteaza, esteraza.

Cacbohydraza: Nhm enzim ny c tc dng thyphn gluxit cao phn tthnh cc sn phm c khi lng phn t thp hn. Trong nhm ny c hai phn

nhm nh: polyaza v hexozidaza.

Proteaza: Cc enzim nhm ny thy phn protein thnh cc sn phm trunggian v sau trong cc hp cht ny tip tcb phn ct n sn phm cui cng l

axit amin v NH3.

Esteraza: Nhm enzim ny phn ct mi lin kt este gia cc hp cht huc khc nhau hoc gia cc hp cht hu c v v c. Nhm ny c chia thnh

hai nhm nh l: lipaza v phosphataza.

2. Decmolaza:

Nhm enzim ny xc tc phn ng oxy ha - kh ca qu trnh h hp v


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phn gii ym kh gluxit, ngha l chng tham gia trc tip vo qu trnh trao i

cht ca t bo. Nhm enzim ny ng vai tr quyt nh trong vic hot ha v

pht trin caphi giai on m mm.

2.1.3. Yu cu v cht lng v phng php bo qun i mch khi nhp v:

i mch a v nh my c nhp t cc nc Ty u, i mch nhp v

thuc loi I v II c mu vng sng t nhin, c mi c trng khng c mi v l,

kch thc ht tng i ng u, t ht lp, t tp cht,

Khi nhp i mch v phi c ch cng ngh bo qun mt cch hp l,

nu khng c ch bo qun thch hp th trong khi ht s xy ra cc hin tng

khng mong mun nh: h hp, t bc nng, s xm nhp ca vi sinh vt v cn

trng, s dn n tn tht cht kh trong ht v h hng c khi ht. V vy cng

vic trc khi bo qun l:

-Chn cc dng i mch ging sch bnh v c kh nng chng chu su bnh.-Trc khi nhp, tt c cc dng c v phng tin tip xc vi i mch phi

cvsinh sch sbng cc bin php mnh nh: phun ha cht, xng hi,

-Khng tip nhn cc l i mch phi c hm m cao 14%,Trong qu trnh bo qun phi gi ng qui trnh qui phm bo qun, khng

hm m ca ht vt qu gii hn cho php, bo m nhit n nh trong khi

ht,

2.2. Nc:

Trong ngnh cng ngh thcphm ni chung, cng ngh sn xut malt ni

ring th nc l rt cn thit. Trong cng ngh sn xut malt nc phc v cho

nhiu mc ch v cng on khc nhau: nh nc dng ngm ra ht, v sinh

thit b, nh xng, sinh hot,

Nu nc khng m bo cht lng sn xut th n khng nhng s nh

hng rt ln n qui trnh cng ngh m cn nh hng n sn phm. V vy

trong nh my sn xut malt nc s dng sn xut phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

Nc trong sut, khng c mi v v l, khng c vi sinh vt gy bnh.cngcancttnhtl 7 mg ng lng/ lt.


14/95

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14

pH= 6,57. Chun coli: 300 ml. Ch s coli: 3. Hm lng cn kh: 250500mg/l.

Ngoi ra cc ion kim loi nng cng nh hng rt ln n qu trnh sn xut

malt v n gy cn tr s ht nc ca ht trong giai on ngm. Yu cu: Fe2+< 0,3

mg/l; Mn2+


15/95

.

15

CHNG 3

CHN V THUYT MINH DY CHUYNCNG NGH

3.1. Qui trnh cng ngh:

3.2. Thuyt minh qui trnh cng ngh:

3.2.1. Nguyn liu (i mch):

Nh my nhp i mch loi I v loi II, loi I c b dy ht > 2,5mm v loi

i mchloi I, II (W =11%)

Lm sch Tp cht

Ra v st trng Cht sttrng

Nc

Kh nn

Ngm Kh nnNc (1214oC)

m mm (to=1317oC,T=7 ngy)Khng khiu ho

Sy malt ti (tomax=85oC,T =24h)

Tch mm r Mm, r sch

Bo qun

W=44%

W=42,5%

W=3%


16/95

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16

II c b dy htt 2,22,5mm, cn loi III c b dy ht< 2,5mm cho cht lng

khng tt nn nh my khng nhp nguyn liu loi ny.

3.2.2. Lm sch:

3.2.2.1. Mc ch:

Mc dnguyn liu nhp v nh my c phn loi v lm sch nhng

vn khng m bo v cht lng nguyn liu m chng ta a vo sn xut,trong

nguyn liu vn cn nhiu tp cht v c v hu c,ht khng t yu cu,ht gy

v, lp,nhng tp cht v nhng ht km phm cht ny nu a vo sn xut

th s nh hng n cht lng,iu kin cng nghv vychng ta cn phi loi

trc khi a vo sn xut.

3.2.2.2. Thc hin:

Khi ht c lm sch ln lt qua hai thit

b sau:qut sngv thit b lm sch bng t tnh.

Qut sng:Qut sng dng qut bi, thc lp, cc tp

cht nh, , si,cn st li ra khi khi ht.

Cu to:1. Ca nguyn liu vo. 5. i mch sch.2. Ca tp cht ln ra. 6. Bi.3. Rm, rc. 7. Con quay iu4. Tp cht b. chnh ht.B phn lm vic ca qutsng bao gm mt

vt ti chuyn ht n qut, mt hoc hai qut ht (hoc qut nn) v h thng

sng rung gm hai hoc ba sng. Sau khi khi ht qua mi sng th c lm sch dn.

Nguyn tc hot ng:i mch c vt ti vo qut qua phu, ti y c con quay iu

chnh lulng ca ht vo mt cch u n. Ht c ri xung sng th nht,

sng ny b nht trong ba sng ca qut v nm hi nghing so vihai sng kia.

Sng ny c l hnh trn ng knh 1020mm hoc hnh bu dc di vi kch

Hnh 3.1:My qut sng.


17/95

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17

thc 35x8mm. Vi kch thc nh vy sng ny s gi li cc tp cht ln nh ,

si,ng thi lc ny h thng qut ht lm vic, khng kh b ht i qua lp ht

s cun theo bi, cc tp cht nh v sau chng c lng xung phu (3), cnbi cun theo khng kh theo ng ng i vo Xiclon.

Cc tp cht ln c loi ra khi ht sau khi qua sng th nht, kht ht

c tip tc ri xung sng th hai, sng ny c kch thc l sng nh hn sng

th nht, l sng hnh bu dc c kch thc 25x4,5mm. Sng th hai tip tc gi

li cc tp cht ln hn ht i mch. Sau khi qua sng th hai hi c xung

sng th ba, sng ny c l hnh bu dc kch thc 20x2mm hoc hnh trn ng

knh 11,5mm. Vi kch thc l sng nh vy n s gi li i mch v cho qua

ct, si v cc tp cht b hn kch thc ca l sng. Cc tp cht c thu gom

thng cha ring, i mch c lm sch thu gom mtknh ring, chng

c thi bng lung khng kh mnh v nh vy cc tp cht nh, bi nu nhcn

st li trong khi ht s b loi tr trit .

Thit b lm sch bng t tnh:Sau khi kht ht ra khi qut sng th cc tp cht nh rc, bi, si, b

loi nhng cc mt st, kim loi vn cn tn ti trong khi ht, v vy khi ht c

cho vo thit b lm sch t tnh loi b cc tp cht kim loi ny.

B phn lm vic ch yu ca thit b ny l thanh nam chm vnh cu hoc

cun nam chm int. Mt phng m ht phi trt qua mylm sch bng nam

chm vnh cu c t vi nghing 450. iu chnh dng khi ht xung

mt phngnghing mt cch u n ngi ta lp t mt van hm.

Ch thch:

a) Nam chm vnh cu.

b) Nam chm in t.

1. Nam chm.

2. Tang quay.

3. Van iu chnh dng ht.

4. i mch cha lm sch.

5. i mch lm sch. Hnh 3.2:Nguyn tc hot ng ca my lm sch t tnh.


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Khi dng ht i qua mt phng nghing th tt c nhng vt c t tnh s b gi li

trn mt phng, cn i mch s ri xung phu v c chuyn ra ngoi.

nhng vt cht c t tnh b gi li trn mt phng th nam chm dng

ch to thit b phi c mt t trng t nht l 9000 Gaus ng thi chiu dy

lp ht chy trn mt phng nghing khng c qu dy, cho php ti a l 5mm

v tc chy ca chng ch nn vo khong 0,5m/s.

3.2.3. Ra v st trng ht:

3.2.3.1. Mc ch:

Vi sinh vt nhim vo trong khi ht trong thi gian cha thu hoch, khi thu

hoch v trong lc vn chuyn, bo qun. V vy khi nhp nguyn liu vo, bn

thn nguyn liu c sn vi sinh vt, trong qu trnh boqun nh my trong cc

xil cha vi sinh vt cng c th xm nhp vo, nu a trc tip nguyn liu vo

sn xut th snh hng rt ln n cc qu trnh cng ngh. Chnh v th trc

khi a vo sn xut ta phi ra v st trng ht, ngoi vic tiu dit vi sinh vt, ra

v st trng cn c tc dng lm sch nguyn liu.

3.2.3.2. Thc hin:Sau khi lm sch xong, khi ht c cho vo thit b ngm, ht c ra

sch trong qu trnh ngm ht. Khi ngm cc cht bn trn b mt ht s tch ra

khi v ht v ha tan vo trong nc, cc tp cht nhs ni ln trn v c vt

ra ngoi. cho ht c sch hn th cho vo nc ngm H2O2 vi liu lng

3l/m3, cht ny ngoi vic tiu dit vi sinh vt, lm sch ht cn c tc dng kch

thch thm s ny mm cho ht.

3.2.4. Ngm ht:

3.2.4.1. Mc ch:

Ht trc khi ngm c m thp W= 11%, vi m ny th trong ht ch

tn ti nc lin kt bo ton kh nng sng ca ht ch khng ny mm c.

Khi m ca ht vt qu 15% th trong ht mi bt u xut hin nc t do.

Mc ch ca qu trnh ngm l to iu kin ht ht thm nc t do lm

tng m ca ht trong iu kin cung cp y O2, thi ht CO2v cc sn


19/95

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19

phm trao i cht khc m km hm s pht trin ca mm. Vi m cao

W=44% th qu trnh m mm sau ny mi m bo c tin trin bnh thng.

3.2.4.2. Thc hin::

C nhiu phng php ngm i mch, cc phng php ny khc nhau

thi gian ngm, thi gian m ht c nhng t trong nc, phng php thng

kh v nhit ca nc ngm. Mc d cc phng php ny l khc nhau nhng

khi chngii php cngngh th chng phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

Thi gian m ht ht nc n m cn thit l ngn nht. Ch thng kh y nht, ht nguyn vn nht. Trng thi c hc v trng thi sinh l ca ht tt nht, m bo cng lc

ny mm sau ny ca htl cao nht.

C 5 phng php ngm ht:

Ngm l trong nc.Ngm hon v nc- khng kh.Ngm trong dng lin tc nc- khng kh.Ngm bng phng php phun nc.Ngm bng phng php phun nc- ht kh:Trong cc phng php trn, nh my chn phng php ngm hon v nc

khng kh.

Thit b:Qu trnh ngm c tin hnh trong cng mt thit b. Thit b ngm l

nhngthng bng thp hoc btng li thp hoc cc kim loi khc (inox, ng,

), c thn dng tr y hnh cn. Pha di c gn cc tm thp c l mt sng

d tho nc bn, mi thng c trang b lp rp cc dng c v cc ph tng nh:

ng ng, van,

Nguyn tc hot ng:ng trung tm (1) dng o trn ht, kh nn theo ng ng (2) vo

ng trung tm lm cho t trng ca hn hp ht - nc trong ng nh hn ngoi

ng. Do hn hp ht - nc trong ng (1) i ln pha trn v theo 2 ng (6) phn


20/95

.

20

phi trn b mt thit b. Hn hp ht- nc bn ngoi ng i xung pha di ri

li theo ng (1) i ln pha trn. C nh th

ht c o trn ra sch, li chn (7)

dng gi ht khi mun tho nc ra khi

thit b m khng cn tho ht. Cn h thng

ng (3) dng cung cp khng kh cho ht

trong qu trnh ngm.

Cch tin hnh:Cho nc vo y th tch ca

thng ngm, i mch vo thng ng

thi thi khng kh tht mnh, sau khi cho

ht lng i mch vo thng th lin tc thi

khng kh 10 pht, sau yn trong 1h.

Tt c cc ht lp v tp cht nh s ni ln

trn mt nc v c thu gom vo camera,

nc bn c tho khi thng bng cch m van y. Sau cho nc sch vothng n vch nh mc ng thi cho dung dch st trng vo v khi ht c

sco u bng kh nn. Sau 23h nc bn cng vi cc cht st trng c x

khi thng v mt ln na np y thng bng nc sch. Ngm ht trong 6h v c

mi gi th khi ht c sc kh 5 pht, sau khi ht c ngm theo ch :

ngm nc 4h, ngm trong khng kh 2,5h v c mi gi th thi kh nn vo khi

ht 35 pht.

Khi ht ngm nc yu cu b mt ht trong thng phi bng phng v nc

ngp ht t nht 0,2m. Thi gian ngm ca m l 48h v thay nc 6 ln, nhit

nc ngm l 15170C, khi ht t n m W=44% th qu trnh ngm kt thc.

3.2.5. m mm:

Qu trnh m mm- y l mt khu rt quan trng. Tt c cc qu trnh

sinh l, ha sinh v ha l u xy ra- m cc qu trnh ny l c s khoa hc ca

cng ngh sn xut malt v l nn tng l thuyt ca cng ngh sn xut bia.

Hnh 3.3: Thit b ngm.1-ng o i mch; 2- ng ng dnkh nn; 3- ng ng rut g si kh;

4-Nc sch; 5-Nc bn; 6-ng phnphi ht; 7-Li chn ht khi tho ncra m khng cn tho ht; 8- Ca thoht; 9- Ca tho ht l v t cht ni.

9


21/95

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21

3.2.5.1. Mc ch:

m mm i mch gm 2 mc ch chnh sau:

Chuyn i trng thi ca h enzim c trong ht i mch t trng thi nghsang trng thi hot ng, ng thi tch ly tch ly cc enzim (ch yu l amylaza

v proteaza) v khi lng v tng hot lc ca chng.

To v duytr iu kin thun li h enzim thy phn sau khi c giiphng khi trng thi lin kt chng s thy phn mt phn c cht c trong ht

chuyn cc cht dinh dng cao phn t thnh cc sn phm c phn t lng thp.

Ngoi ra chng cn ph v thnh t bo lm cho ht mm ra,to nn nhiu s bin

i c lv ha hc trong thnh phn ca ht i mch.

3.2.5.2. Thc hin:

Nhim v ca chng ta l sn xut malt vng, m c im ca malt vng l

c mu vng sng, c v ngt nh nhng v hng thm du c trng ca malt, tnh

chtquan trng nht ca bia sn xut t malt vng l c v ng du, hng thm

ngt v rt nh nhng. V vy trong qu trnh m mm phi to iu kin thun li

tch ly tng hp c lng enzim tht nhiu (c bit l enzim amylaza), cccht dinh dng tiu tn t. Mun t c iu ny th phi khng ch cc iu

kin cng ngh.

C nhiu phng php m mm nhng c chia ra lm 2 phng php

chnh: m mm khng thng gi (trn sn) v m mm c thng gi(bao gm:

m mm trong ngn (catset), m mm trong ngn c lung di ng, m mm

trong thng quay v cc h thng m mm hin i).

Nguyn tc ca phng php m mm thng gi l trong qu trnh m

mm ta tin hnh thi khng kh c nhit v m thch hp, trng lp vi diu

kin phng m xuyn qua khi ht.Vic thi khng kh nh vy nhm cc mc ch:

Cung cp O2cho khi ht. iu chnh nhit trongkhi ht. Gii thot CO2khi khi ht.


22/95

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22

Thit b:Nh my s dng phng php m mm thng gi theo nguyn tc lung

di ng. Nguyn l ca phng php ny l qu trnh m mm c thc hin

trong catset di chia thnh nhiu ngn, s ngn bng s ngym. Ht c m

qua tt c cc ngn v thi gian m mi ngn l 24h. Khi m cho thi khng

kh c nhit v m tng i iu kin phng m xuyn qua khi ht.

Vic thi khng kh ny l cung cp oxy cho khi ht, iu chnh nhit v gii

thot CO2cho khi ht.

Khng kh trc lc thi vo khi ht phi c bo ho hi nc v iu

chnh nhit trong mt camera gi l bung x l nc nhit.

Thit b m l mt catset, di 4050m, rng 34m. Din tch ca n cho

7 ngy m v c chia thnh 7 ngn, tc 14 vng bn nht. Mi vng bn nht

c mt ch cng ngh ring. Thit b c y dng li hoc c l mt sng. Vt

liu ch to thng l thp

khng g. pha trn ca y

l lp malt, cn pha di lkhong khng c chiu cao t

nht 0,7m dng b tr

ng ng dn kh. Khng

kh sch c dn vo cc

khoang c cc thng s khc

nhau, chng phi ph hp

vi tin trnh m ca malt

vng bn nht . Nh c

hai qut y, khng kh sau

khi x l trm trung tm

c y vo cc khoang v t y thi vo lp malt theo hng di ln.

Vic o malt c thc hin nh my o kiu gung quay. Cc gu mc,

mc malt pha trc v ra pha sau.

Hnh 3.4: Nguyn l cu to ca tuyn m mmh Ostertag.

1-thit b ngm ht;2-mt bng lp y; 3- mt bngtrng; 4- my o malt kiu gung; 5- vt ti chuyn

malt ti vo l sy; 6-khng kh x l.


23/95

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23

Nguyn tc hot ng:i mch t t thng ngm c xung vng bn nht u tin ca

ngn thnhtv dn thnh lpdy 0,70,8m. Sau 1/2 ngy, nhmy o, l ht

ny cchuynsang vng bn nhtth2 cangn1 v vng bn nhtvac

giiphng sn l htmi. Sng ngy hm sau, l htvng bn nht th2

ca ngn 1 scchuynsang vng bn nht1 cangn 2 cn l htvng bn

nht1 cangn 1 scchuynsang vng bn nht2 cangn 1. Cnhvy,

sau 7 ngy qu trnh m ktthc, v khi ttc cc vng bn nhtclp

y, cn l utin binthnh malt, ca qua vt tiysang l sy.

Nhit trong nhng ngy u m mm l khong 1317oC, trong nhng

ngy sau tng ln khong 20oC. m ca ht sau khi m l 42,5%.

3.2.6. Sy malt:

3.2.6.1. Mc ch:

Sau khi m c malt ti c m W= 42,5%, y l m thch hp

cho visinh vt tn cng v pht trin, n l sn phm khng bn vng. V vy mc

ch chnh ca qu trnh sy l tch nc ra khi ht, lm cho m ca malt tih xung 3% - y l sn phm bn vng, vi m ny loi tr kh nng xm

nhp v pht trin ca vi sinh vt, d dng cho vic bo qun trong thi gian di.

Mc khc mi v v thnh phn ha hc ca malt ti khng thch hp cho

vic sn xut bia nh n khng c cht mu, cht thm, V th ta phi tin hnh

sy, di tc dng ca nhit cao v thi gian di hng lot cc qu trnh xy ra

m kt qu l mang li hng v, mu sc cho sn phm.

Ngoi ra sy malt nhit cao (850C) cn c tc dng tiu dit cc vi sinh

vt bm trn ht hoc chuyn chng v dng bo t hn ch n mc ti thiu kh

nng h hng do chng gy ra, lm tng bn sinh hc ca sn phm.

3.2.6.2. Thc hin:

sy malt ngi ta c th s dng thit b sy lin tc hoc gin on. Tc

nhn sy c th s dng khng kh sch cho qua calorife hoc hn hp kh lnh

hoc kh t.


24/95

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24

c im ca malt vng l c mu vng sng, hng v v ngt nh, l

nguyn liu sn xut cc loi bia vng. c im ca qu trnh sy malt vng l

loi tr nhanh hm m ca malt trong khi nhit sy cn qu thp, mun t c

iu ny phi tin hnh thng gi mc ti a.

Thit b:Nh my s dng thit b sy lin tc CXA_5 sy maltti. Cu to:

1- ca d malt ti.

2- camera sy s b.

3,4- mng thng gi.

5- khoang cha tm.

6- mng dn khng kh bn.

7,8- camera kh nng.

9- li cha malt.

10,11- mng dn kh b sung.

12- mng dn tc nhn sy.

13- khoang cha malt kh.14- trc cnh kh.

15- mng cha malt.

16- vt ti.

17- calorife. Hnh 3.5: L sy lin tc CXA-5.

18,19,20- qut gi.

Nguyn tc hot ng:Malt ti cvo l syqua chp (1) v csysbcamera (2).

Sau nhbgttng, malt cxung u n v lin tc vo khoang

cha(5) v tyxunghai camera(9). Camera (9) cchia thnh bnvng sy

c nhitv ch thng gi khc nhau, c k hiu I, II, III, IV t trn xung.

Khng kh nh qut (18) thi qua calorife (17) nhit c nng ln

thnh tc nhn sy. Qua ca iu chnh (12) tc nhn sy c thi ln hai camera

chamalt (9), ngi cakhng kh nng l ngziczc. Mi lnqua vng sy

Vn I

Vn II

Vn III

Vn IV


25/95

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25

khc, hngi can liichiu. Nhvyqua htcc vng sy, tc nhn sy

ichiubnln. dicc vng sy, c ngngdnkhng kh lnhtngoi

vo iuchnhlinhitcatc nhn sytrclc thivo khu vcsy.

Khi khng kh nng i htvng syI, chng ca ra ngoi qua qutht (19).

Cn malt sau khi i htvng syIV th cri xungmng (15) v ca ra

ngoi bngvt ti (16). Qutnn (20) dng thikhng kh c nhit thng

vo khimalt tsysb chng. Pha di ca cc vng sy c ng ng

(10), (11) dn khng kh lnh t ngoi vo iu chnh nhit ca tc nhn sy

trc lc thi vo khu vc sy .

Nhit sy vng I l 500C, hm m ca malt h xung 24%, vng II

nhit 60700C, vng III v IV nhit ca tc nhn sy l 850C hm m gim xung

cn 3%.

L syny c u iml: ddng iuchnhcc thng ssy, tiu tnnhit

lng t, t ng ho 100% v mi ca lm vic l sy ch cn mt cng nhn vn hnh.

3.2.7. Tch mm r:

3.2.7.1. Mc ch:Trong thnh phn ha hc ca r cha nhiu hp cht thuc nhm alcaloid,

nu hp cht ny tn ti trong bia s gy ra v ng rt kh chu. Ngoi ra mt s

cu t c trong thnh phn ha hc ca r mm l nguyn nhn to nhiu ru bc

cao trong qu trnh ln men bia. V vy sau khi sy xong th malt phi c em i

tch mm r.

3.2.7.2. Thc hin:

Malt sau khi sy xong th c em i tch mm r ngay v khi mm, r

camalt cn nng, gin nn d v v d tch, nu lu chng s ht m v tr nn

dai v kh tch khiht.

Thit b:Vic tch mm r malt c tin hnh bng thit b chuyn dng, gi l my

dp r. y l mt thng quay hnh tr, b phn chnh ca my dp r l mt tang

quay c l, mt sng vi kch thc l sng di 25mm; rng 1,5mm. Pha trong


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26

tang quay theo chiu dc, lp mt trc quay c, trn trc c gn cc mi cho

hnh vt (gi l xa quay). Chiu quay ca xa ngc vi chiu quay ca tang ngoi

v tc quay cng nhanh hn.

Nguyn tc hot ng:Sau khi sy malt kh c vo tang quay nh vt ti th xa v tang bt u

quay. Nh chuyn ng ngc

chiu v chuyn ng quay ca xa,

c khi ht cng quay theo. Khi

khi ht quay chng to ra ma st

v nh cbphn mi chogt

cc lp ht cho nn r malt b t

khi ht mt cch d dng. R lt

qua mt sng ca tang quay v ri

xung mng hng pha di v nh

vt ti chng c y ra ngoi.

Cn malt sch sau khi tch mm rs c dn v mt pha v cng

xung mng v c chuyn ra ngoi nh cng mt h thng vt ti. Bi v cc

loi v cng tp cht nh pht sinh trong thi gian tch mm r th c ht ra

ngoi nh qut ht v a n Xiclon lc.

3.2.8. Bo qun:

Sau khi tch mm r xong th malt thnh phm c bo qun trong cc xil

ri ng bao tiu th.

Hnh 3.6:My p r malt.

1-malt cn r; 2-tang quay mt sng; 3- xaquay; 4- qut gi; 5- malt tch r; 7- vtti; 8- r malt.


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27

CHNG 4

TNH CN BNG VT CHT4.1. Chn cc thng s ban u:

4.1.1. Nng sut ca nh my:

Nh my sn xut malt vng vi nng sut l 18.000 tnsnphm/ nm.

4.1.2. Chnsliuban uca nguyn liu:

- m ban u ca i mch: wb= 11%.

- Khilngring caimch: m= 670 kg/m3.

- mcaimch sau khi rav ngm: wN= 44%.

- Hstrng nthtch cahtsau khi ngm so viimchtrckhi

ngm l: 1,45. [3, tr 97]

- mcaimchsau khi nymm: wU= 42,5%.

- Hstrng nthtch cahtsau khi nymmso vihttrckhi

ngm l: 2,1. [3, tr 217]

- mcamalt sau khi sy: wS= 3%.

- m ca malt sau khi tch mm, r: w= 3%.

- Khi lng ring ca malt sau khi tch mm, r (malt thnh phm):

tp= 650 kg/m3.

4.1.3. Mc hao ht canguyn liu qua tng cng on:

Bng 4.1. Tiu hao nguyn liu qua tng cng on.

(hao httnh theo % cht kh ca nguyn liu cng on trc )

4.2. Tnh cn bng vt cht:

4.2.1. Tnh cn bng vt cht cho 1000 kg i mch:

Cng on Lm sch Ravngm Ny mm Sy Tch mm, r

Hao ph (%) 1 0,9 7,5 1 4,5


28/95

.

28

4.2.1.1. Khi lng cht kh trong nguyn liu (mnl):

)(890

100

111001000

100

1001000 kg

wm bdnl

4.2.1.2. Th tch ca nguyn liu(Vnl ):

49,1670

10001000

dm

nlV

(m3).

4.2.1.3. Lng nguyn liu sau khi lm sch:

- Lngchtkh sau khi lm sch:

)(1,881

100

1100890

100

1100kg

mm nlLS

- Lngnguyn liusau khi lm sch:

)(990

11100

1001,881

100

100kg

w

mM

bd

LSLS

- Thtch canguyn liusau khi lm sch:

)(47,1670

990 3mM

Vdm

LSLS

4.2.1.4. Lng nguyn liu sau khi ra v ngm:

- Lngchtkh trong nguyn liu sau khi ra v ngm:

)(17,873

100

9,01001,881

100

9,0100kg

mm LSN

- Lng nguyn liusau khi rav ngm:

)(23,155944100

10017,873

100

100kg

w

mM

N

NN

- Thtch canguyn liusau khi ngm:

)(13,245,147,145,1 3mVV lSN

4.2.1.5. Lng malt tisau khi ny mm:

- Lngchtkh sau khi ny mm:

)(68,807

100

5,710017,873

100

5,7100kg

mm NU

- Lngmalt ti sau khi ny mm:


29/95

.

29

)(66,14045,42100

10068,807

100

100kg

w

mM

U

U

U

- Thtch malt tisau khi m:

)(09,31,247,11,2 3mVV LSU

4.2.1.6. Lng malt sau khi sy:

- Lng cht kh trong malt sau khi sy:

)(6,799

100

)1100(68,807

100

1100kg

mm US

- Lngmalt sau khi sy:

)(33,8243100

1006,799

100

100kg

w

mM

S

SS

4.2.1.7. Lng malt sau khi tch mm, r:

- Lngchtkh cn li:

)(61,763

100

5,41006,799

100

5,4100kg

mm ST

- Lngmalt thnh phm:

)(22,7873100

10061,763

100

100kg

w

mM

S

TT

(Coi nh m ca malt trc v sau khi tch mm, r khng thay i.)

- Thtch malt thnh phm:

)(21,1650

22,787 3mM

Vtp

TT

4.2.1.8. Lng cht kh tch ra theo mm rv th tch ca n:- Lng cht kh tch ra theo mm, r:

)(98,35100

5,46,799

100

5,4kg

mm SR

- Th tch mm r chim khong 12% so vi th tch ht ban u. Vy th

tch ca mm, r c tch ra l: 0,12 x 1,47 = 0,17 (m3).

4.2.1.9. Lng nc cn thit cho qu trnh ra v ngm i mch:

- Lngnccnthitcho qu trnh ra1000 kg imchl 2m3

.[3, tr 97]


30/95

.

30

- Ngoi ra lngnccncho qu trnh ngm ctnh theo cng thc:

2

)( ncaQ

[3, tr 97]

Trong : a: l lng nc ngm ban u, a= 1,49m3.

c: l lngncngm trckhi ktthc qu trnh ngm,

c=1,16m3.

n l s ln thay nc, n=6.

V vy ta c :

)(95,72

616,149,1 3mQ

Do tnglngnccho qu trnh rav ngm l:Vnc = 2 + Q = 2 + 7,95 = 9,95 (m

3).

4.2.1.9. LngH2O2cn s dng:

Theo ti liu lng H2O2cn s dng l 3l/m3nc. [5, tr 12].

V vy lng H2O2cn dng cho qu trnh ra i mch l: 3 x 9,95 = 29,85 (lit).

4.2.1.10. Lng kh nn:

Ta c lng kh nn dng cho 1 tn i mch : 6 m3/h, y l lngkh nn

chsdngcho qu trnh h hpcaht. [3, tr 85].

Theo bi ta tnh c lng nguyn liu sau khi lm sch l 990 kg. Vy

lng khng kh cn l:

hm /94,51000

9906 3

Gi s lng khng kh s dng cho qu trnh h hp ca ht chim 20%

lngkhng kh cung cp, vyta c lngkh thct:

hmVkn /7,2920

10094,5 3

4.2.1.11. Lng khng kh iu ha:

Qua bng 7.1 [3, tr109], ta c lng O2hp th (ml) tnh theo 100g cht kh

qua cc ngy m nh sau:

-Ngy th 1 hp th 860ml.



31/95

.

31

-Ngy th 3 hpth 1080ml.



Vy lng O2m khi ht hp th trung bnh trong mt ngy ca 100g cht

kh l:

ml10255

96512601080960860

= 1,025(l).

M ta c lng cht kh trong nguyn liu sau ra v ngm l mN= 873,17 (kg).

T suy ra lng O2cn cung cp cho 873,17 kg trong 1 ngy l:

100

1000025,117,873 xx8949,99 (l/ngy) = 8,95 (m

3/ngy).

Trong khng kh lng O2chim 1/5 th tch, v vy lng khng kh iu

ha cn cung cp trong 1 ngy cho giai on m l:

Vkkdh= 8,95 x 5 = 44,75 (m3/ngy).

4.2.2. K hoch sn xut ca nh my:

Nh my lm vicmi nm 12 thng, trong cc ngy l ln trong nm

c ngh nh: Quc t lao ng (1-5), L quc khnh (2-9), Gii phng min nam

(30-4), Tt dng lch (1-1).

Mi ngy lm vic 3 ca. Mi ca lm vic 8 ting ng h .

Bng 4.2:Biu sn xut canhmy.

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C nm

Sngy lm

vic/Thng

26 24 26 25 25 26 27 26 25 27 25 27 309

Sca/Thng 78 72 78 75 75 78 81 78 75 81 75 81 927

4.2.3. Tnh chi ph cho mt ngy:4.2.3.1. Nng sut ca nh my:

43,58252309

18000000N (kg/ngy)


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4.2.3.2. Lng nguyn liu sn xut:

- Khi lng ca nguyn liu sn xut:

65,7399722,787

43,5825210001000' TM

NM (kg/ngy)

- Th tch ca nguyn liu:

25,1101000

49,165,73997

1000

''

NL

VMV (m

3/ngy)

4.2.3.3. Lng nguyn liu sau khi lm sch:

- Khilngnguyn liusau khi lm sch:

67,732571000

99065,73997

1000

''

LSLS

MMM (kg/ngy)

- Thtch canguyn liusau khi lm sch:

3'

' (77,1081000

47,165,73997

1000m

VMV LSLS

/ ngy)

4.2.3.4. Lng nguyn liu sau khi ra v ngm:

- Lng cht kh trong nguyn liu sau ra v ngm l:

53,646121000

17,87365,73997

1000

''

NN

mMm (kg/ngy).

- Khilngca nguyn liusau khi rav ngm:

35,1153791000

23,155965,73997

1000

''

NN

MMM (kg/ngy)

- Thtch canguyn liu:

61,1571000

13,265,73997

1000

''

N

N

VMV (m

3/ngy)

4.2.3.5. Lng malt tisau khi ny mm:

- Khilngca malt ti:

54,1039411000

66,140465,73997

1000

''

UU

MMM (kg/ngy)

- Thtch camalt ti:

65,2281000

09,365,73997

1000

''

U

U

VMV (m

3/ngy)


33/95

.

33

4.2.3.6. Lng malt sau khi sy:

- Khilngmalt sau khi sy:

48,609981000

33,82465,73997

100

''

SS

MMM (kg/ngy)

4.2.3.7. Lng malt sau khi tchmm,r:

- Khilngmalt sau khi tch mm, r(malt thnh phm):

43,582521000

22,78765,73997

1000

''

TT

MMM (kg/ngy)

- Thtch ca malt thnh phm:

53,891000

21,165,73997

1000

'' TT

VMV (m

3/ngy)

4.2.3.8. Lng cht kh tch ra theo mm, r:

- Khilngchtkh tch ra theo mm, r:

43,26621000

98,3565,73997

1000

''

RR

mMM (kg/ngy)

- Thtch camm, r:

58,121000

17,065,739971000

'' RR VMV (m

3/ngy)

4.2.3.9. Lng nc cn thit cho qu trnh ra v ngm:

27,7361000

95,965,73997

1000

'

nuocNVM

Q (m3/ngy)

4.2.3.10. LngH2O2cn s dng:

V= 29,85 x 736,27 = 21977,66 (lit)

4.2.3.11. Lng kh nn cn s dng:

73,21971000

7,2965,73997

1000

''

knkn

VMV (m3/h)

4.2.3.12. Lng khng kh iu hatrong qu trnh m:

- Lng khng kh iu ha cn s dng:

39,331117,873

75,445,64612

17,873

''

xxVmV kkdhNkkdh (m

3/ngy)


34/95

.

34

Bng 4.3. Tng kt cn bng vt cht.

STTCngon

Tnh cho 1000 kgnguyn liu

Tnh cho mtngy Tnh cho mt nm

Khilng(kg)

Th tch(m3)

Khilng(kg)

Thtch(m3)

Khi lng(kg)

Th tch(m3)

1i

mch1000 1,49 73997,65 110,25 22865273,85 460,41

2Sau khi

lm

sch990 1,47 73257,67 108,77 22636620,03 454,23

3 Sau khira vngm

1559,23 2,13 115379,35 157,61 35652219,15 658,17

4Sau ny

mm1404,66 3,09 103941,54 228,65 32117935,86 70652,85

5 Sau sy 824,33 60998,48 18848530,32

6Sau

tch

mm, r787,22 1,21 58252,43 89,53 18000000,87 27664,77

7R,

mm35,98 0,17 2662,43 12,58 822690,87 3887,22

8

Tnglng

nc sdng

9,95 736,27 227507,43

9 H2O2(lit 29,85 21977,66 6791096,94

10Kh nn 29,7(m

3/h) 2197,73

(m3/h)

679098,57

(m3/h)

11Khng

kh iuha

44,75(m

3/ngy)

3311,39(m

3/ngy

1023219,51(m

3/ngy)


35/95

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35

CHNG 5

CN BNG NHIT LNG5.1. C s cn bng nhit:

Qu trnh sy khng nhng lm thay i cu trc vt l m cn lm thay i

tnh cht ha hc ca malt. Nhng s thay i v khi lng v cht lng ca cc

cu t ha hc , cc loi malt khc nhau v cc thi im khc nhau ca qu

trnh sy, l khc nhau. Chnh v vy cnphic mtchsy thch hpnhm

bo mtnh chtcmquan cng nhchtlngcamalt thnh phm.Tc nhn sy l khng khschtnhin ctnng trong calorife v nh

hthngqutyvo bn trong thitbsy. Nh my sdngl hi ring cung

cpnhitcho calorife.

Cc thng s ban u ca tc nhn sy v vt liu sy:

Nhittc nhn syvo t1= 85oC. Nhittc nhn syra t2cchntheo nhitbut:

t2= t+ (510o

C).

Nhitcanguyn liuvo t1=20oC. Nhit nguyn liu ra t2= ts+ (510oC), vitsl nhitimsng. mban ucanguyn liu: W1= 42,5%. mcuicanguyn liu: W2= 3%. Nhit mi trng lt0= 26oC. mmi trngl 0= 82%. p sut kh quyn po= 1at.

5.2. Xc nh cc thng s ca khng kh:

5.2.1. Thng s trng thi ban u ca khng kh:

Tc nhn sykhi vo calorife l trngthi cakhng kh tnhin. Ta c cc

thng s: t0= 260C, 0 = 82%.

5.2.2. Hm m ca khng kh:

Hm mcakhng kh cxc nhtheo cng thc:


36/95

.

36

1

1622,0bo

boo

pp

px

(5.1) [8, tr 95]

Trong : 0 = 82% = 0,82.

nhit t0= 260C th p sut hi bo ho Pb1= 0,035at [7, tr 312]

Vy: x0= 0,622035,082,01

035,082,0

= 0,0184 ( kg m/kg kkk ).

5.2.3. Nhit lng ring ca khng kh m:

Nhitlngcakhng kh m:

I0= t0+ ( 2493 + 1,97 t0)x0 ( KJ/kg kkk ) [8, tr 96]

I0= 26 + ( 2493 + 1,9726 ) 0,0184

= 72,81 ( KJ/kg kkk ).

5.2.4. Hm m ca khng kh sau khi qua calorife :

Ta c: Nhit ca khng kh sau khi qua calorifel 85oC.

Hm mcakhng kh x1= xo = 0,0184 ( kg m/kg kkk )

Tcng thc (5.1) suy ra mcakhng kh nhit85oC:

622,0121

1

xp

xpb

Trong : p = 1at, p sut kh quyn.

Pb2= 0,590 at, p suthi bo ho nhit85oC [7, tr 312]

Nn

048,0622,00184,0590,0

0184,011

Hay %8,41

5.2.5. Nhit lng ca khng kh nng sau khi qua calorife:I1 = t1+ (2493+1,97 t1) x1 [2, tr 96]

= 85 + (2493+1,9785) 0,0184 = 134 (kJ/kg kkk)

5.2.6. Xc nh nhit bu t, nhit im sng:

Vicxc nhnhitbutv nhit im sng rt quan trng. V:

- Xc nh nhit bu t l khi tc nhn syra khithitbkhng b

ngng tnc.

- Xc nhnhitimsng khi sn phm ra khi thit b khng b


37/95

.

37

= 1

xo x2 x

x

I

B

C

I1=I2

Atst

Hnh 5.1

ngng tmtrn bmt.

Cch xc nh:

- Xc nh nhit im sng: Trn

thI-x ko di onthngx0= x1 = 0,0184 sct

ng= 1 ti1 imtta sxc nhc

nhitimsng. [8, hnh VII.1]

- Xc nhnhitbut: Trn thI-x

ko di onthngI1=I2= 134 (KJ/kg kkk) sct

ng = 1 ti 1 im t ta xc nh c

nhitbutt.

Davo thta xc nhc:

ts = 24 0C nn suy ra: t2= 24+6 = 300C.t= 36 0C nn suy ra: t2 = 36+5 = 410C.

5.2.7. Nhit lng ca khng kh ra khi my sy:

Do ta chtnh qu trnh syl thuytnn:

I2= I1= 134 (KJ/kg kkk)

5.2.8. Hm m ca khng kh sau khi sy:

- Tphng trnh: I2= t2+ (2493 + 1,97 t2)x2

=> x2=2

22

97,12493 t

tI

(kg m/kg kkk)

x2 =4197,12493

41134

= 0,036 (kg m/kg kkk)

nhit t2= 410C tra bng ta c p sut hi bo ho Pb2= 0,0797at [7, tr 312]

- T cng thc (5.1) suy ra mcakhng kh sau khi ra khimy syl:

2=22

2

)622,0( bPx

Px

=0797,0)036,0622,0(

1036,0

= 0,686

Hay 2 = 68,6%.


38/95

.

38

5.2.9. Lng khng kh kh tiu hao cn bc hi 1kg m:

l=02

1

xx

[8, tr102]

=0184,0036,0

1

= 56,82 (kg kkk/kg m)

5.2.10. Tng lng khng kh kh cn thit cho qu trnh sy:

L =02 xx

U

= U l [8, tr102].

Trong : U: Lngmbay hi trong qu trnh sy(kg).

U = G1G2

Vi: G1: khi lng ca vt liu trc khi sy.

G2: khi lng ca vt liu sau khi sy.

T bng [4.3], ta c lng m cn thit bchira tnguyn liu trong 1 ngy:

U = 103941,5460998,48 = 42943,06 (kg/ngy).

=> Lngmcnthitbchi ra trong 1h l:

U = 2406,42943

= 1789,29 (kg/h)

Vylngkhng kh kh cnthitcho qu trnh sytrong 1h l:

L = 1789,29 56,82= 101667,46 (kg kkk/h)

5.3. Cn bng nhit cho qu trnh sy:

5.3.1. Lng nhit cn thit lm bay hi 1kg m:

Lngnhittiu hao ring ctnh theo cng thc:

q = ( I1I0 ) l ( KJ/kg mbay hi) [8, tr 102]

q = ( 13472,81) 56,82 = 3476,81 ( KJ/kg mbay hi )

5.3.2. Tng lng nhit cn thit bc hi m trong khi sy:

Tng lngnhitcnthitcho qu trnh sycxc nhtheo cng thc:

Q1= L ( I1I0) ( KJ/h ) [6, tr103]

Q1 = 101667,46 ( 13472,81) = 6221031,87 (KJ/h)

5.3.3. Lng nhit cn thit cung cp un nng sn phm:

Q2= G1 Csp( T1t1) (KJ/h)


39/95

.

39

Trong :

G1: Khilngnguyn liua vo sy.G1= 103941,54 (kg/ngy) = 4330,9 ( kg/h).

Csp: Nhitdung ring canguyn liu(Kcal/kg0C).Csp=

100

)100( 11 WCWC nck [4, tr 43]

Vi: - Nhitdung ring cachtkh nng snnmtrong khong: 0,35

0,37 Kcal/kg0C, y ta chnCck= 0,35 Kcal/kg

0C = 1,46 (KJ/kg

0C).

- G1= 4330,9 (kg/h).

- W1= 42,5%.

- Cn = 1Kcal/kg0C = 4,19 KJ/kg

0C.

Csp=100

5,4219,4)5,42100(46,1

= 2,62 (KJ/kg0C)

T1: Nhitun nng cho php canguyn liusy, y chnhl nhittruynttc nhn syln bmt malt. Nhitny lybngnhittrung

bnh cakhng kh sy(0C). [4, tr 43]

T1=2

21 tt =2

4185 = 63

0C

t1= 200C: Nhitban ucanguyn liu.=> Q2= 4330,92,6( 6320)

= 484194,62 ( KJ/h ).

5.3.4. Nhit lng tn tht trong qu trnh sy:Nhitlngtntht trong qu trnh sychyul do tnthtra mi trng

xung quanh, un nng thitbsyv cc tnthtkhc.

Qua nghin cu, nuthitbsykhng c bon bn ngoi th c thlyt

8 12% nhit lng dng sy. Vy theo l thuyt th lng nhit tn tht c tnh:

Qtt= ( 0,08 0,12 ) Q1 [4, tr 43 ]

Chn 10%, ta c:

Qtt= 0,1 6221031,87 = 622103,187 (KJ/h)


40/95

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40

5.3.5. Lng nhit m calorife cn cung cp cho qu trnh sy:

Qcal= Q1+ Q2+ Qtt

= 6221031,87 + 484194,62 + 622103,187

= 7327329,67 ( KJ/h )

5.4. Cn bng nhit vo v ra thit b sy:

5.4.1. Nhit vo thit b sy:

5.4.1.1. Nhit lng do khng kh sy mang vo:

Qkksv= L I0 ( KJ/h )

= 101667,46 72,81 = 7402407,76 ( KJ/h ).

5.4.1.2. Nhit lng do m ca nguyn liu sy mang vo:

Qav= U t1 Cn [4, tr 49 ]

= 1789,29 20 4,19 = 149942,5 ( KJ/h )

5.4.1.3. Nhit lng do sn phm sy mang vo:

Qspv= G1 C1 t1 [4, tr 49 ]

Trong :

G1: Lngmalt sau khi sy.T bng [4.3], ta c: G1= 60998,48 (kg/ngy)

=> G1 =24

48,60998= 2541,6 (kg/h)

C1=100

)100( 22 WCWC nck

=100

31)3100(35,0 = 0,37 ( Kcal/kg

0C )

= 0,37 4,19= 1,55 (KJ/kg0

C)

t1= 200CVy: Qspv= 2541,6 1,55 20

= 78789,6 (KJ/h)

5.4.1.4. Nhit lng do khng kh t nng calorife mang vo:

Qkkv= Qcal= 7327329,67 (KJ/h).

5.4.1.5. Tng nhit lng vo thit b sy:

Qv= Qkksv+ Qav+ Qspv+ Qkkv [4, tr 49 ]


41/95

.

41

= 7402407,7 + 149942,5 + 78789,6 + 7327329,67

= 14958469,47 (KJ/h)

5.4.2. Nhit lng i ra khi thit b sy:

5.4.2.1. Nhit lng do khng kh sy mang ra:

Qkksr= L I2 [4, tr 49 ]

= 101667,46 134

= 13623439,64 ( KJ/h )

5.4.2.2. Nhit do sn phm sy mang ra:

Qspr= G2 C2 t2 [4, tr 49 ]

Trong :

C2= C1 = 1,55 (KJ/kg0C)G2= G1= 2541,6 (kg/h)t2= 300C

=> Qspr= 2541,6 1,55 30

= 118184,4 ( KJ/h )

5.4.2.3. Nhit lng theo m bay ra th hi:

Qar= U i ( KJ/h ) [4, tr49 ]

Trong : i: Hm nhitcahi ncnhitcuiT2

T2=2

'22 tt =2

3041= 35,5

0C

Ta c: T2= 35,50C tra bng [7, tr317] th i= 2561,96 10-3 (J/kg)

U= 1789,29 (kg/h)

Nn suy ra:

Qar= 1789,29 2561,96 10-3

= 4584,09 (KJ/h)

5.4.2.4. Nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh:

Qmtr= ( 0,080,12 ) Qkkv

y ta chntnthtl 0,1.

=> Qmtr= 0,1 7327329,67 = 732732,967 (KJ/h)


42/95

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42

5.4.2.5. Tng nhit lng ra khi thit b sy:

Qr= Qkksr+ Qspr+ Qav+ Qmtr

= 13623439,64 + 118184,4 + 4584,09 + 732732,967

= 14478941,1 (KJ/h)

5.4.3. Sai s:

Q = %100

v

rv

Q

QQ= %100

47,14958469

1,1447894147,14958469

= 3,2%

Vi sai s trn th kt qu tnh ton c th chpnhnc.


43/95

.

43

CHNG 6

TNH V CHN THIT B

6.1. Thit b phn xng x l nguyn liu:

6.1.1. Tnh xil cha nguyn liu:

Kch thc xil cha nguyn liu s dng trong thi gian 4 tun. Xil c

dng thn tr trn y chp vi gc nghing 600, thit b lm bng thp khng r c

h s cha y l =0,9.Theo bng [4.3], ta c lng i mch cn s dng trong mt ngy l:

73997,65 kg.

Vy t suy ralng i mch cn cha trong

xil vithi gian 4tun:

73997,65 x 4 x 7= 2071934,2 (kg)

S dng 20 xil cha, do lng nguyn liu

cha trong mt xil:

2071934,2/20 = 103596,71 (kg).

- Th tch xil cha c xc nhbng cng thc:

V= Vtr+ Vn=

m

Trong :

Vtr: th tch phn hnh tr(m3).

Vn: th tch phn hnh nn(m3).

m: khi lng i mch(kg).

: h s cha y, = 0,9.

: khilng ring ca i mch; =670 kg/m3.

Vy: V= 103596,71

670 0,9

m

171,8 (m

3)

- Chn D= 4m, d = 0,5m, H3 = 0,5m.

H3

H1

H2

H

D

=60o

d

Hnh 6.1: Xi l cha nguyn liu.


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44

Ta c:

Vtr= 124

.H

D (6.1)

Vn=

4

d

3

1 22

2

DdDH

M: tgdD

H

2

2

Suy ra: Vn= tgdD 3324

1

= 48,14605,04241 33

otg (m3)

Nn: Vtr= V-Vn= 171,814,48= 157,32 (m3)

- Chiu cao phn hnh nn:

H2=

03,32

35,04

2

60

otgdD(m)

T (6.1) suy ra: H1= 24

D

Vtr

=

2

157,32 412,52

3,14 4

(m)

- Vy chiu cao tng cng ca xil:

H= H1+ H2+H3= 12,52 + 3,03 + 0,5= 16,05 (m)

Vy ta s dng 20 xil cha nguyn liuvi cc kch thc nh sau:

D = 4 m; d = 0,5m; = 600.

H = 16,05m trong : H1=12,52m; H2= 3,03m; H3= 0,5m.

6.1.2. My lm sch i mch:

Theo bng [4.3], ta c lng i mch cn lm sch l:73997,65 (kg/ngy) = 3083,23 (kg/h).

Ta chn my lm sch c cc thng s k thut nh sau: [3, tr 52]

Nng sut my: 5.500kg/h.Qut sng:c 3 sng, trn c c l hnh bu dc.

Sng th nht c l sng hnh bu dcvi kch thc: 35 x 8mm.

Sng th hai c l sng hnh bu dcvi kch thc : 25 x 4,5mm.


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Sng th ba c l sng hnh bu dcvi kch thc: 20 x 2mm.

Thit b lm sch bng t tnh:B phn lm vic chnh l cun nam chm in t, c t trn mt phng

nghing vi dc 45o, mt t trng ca nam chm t 9000 Gaus.

Chiu dy lp ht chy qua mt phng nghing l 5mm.

Tc di ca chng l 0,5m/s, chiu dy lp ht khi chy qua l 44mm.

Cng sut ng c chy qut: N1= 0,17 kw.

Cng sut ng c chy tang quay N2=0,29 kw.

Kch thc thit b: di x rng x cao : 3x2x4m.

S lng thit b lm sch i mch:5500

23,3083= 0,56.

S thit b lm sch l 1.6.1.3. Tnh gu ti:

6.1.3.1. Gu ti vn chuyn i mch ln xil cha(G1):

Chiu cao vn chuyn ca gu: 18,9 m = 18900mm.

Chn mt gu vn chuyn i mch ln 20xil cha nguyn liu.Theo [6.1.1], lng i mch m gu ti cn vn chuyn ln 20 xil cha l:

2071934,2 kg.

Theo [1, tr 110] , ta chn c cc thng s ca gu nh sau:

Nng sut ca gu: 50 tn/h.

Chiu rng tm bng B 175mm.

Chiu rng gu b 160 mm.

Tm vi gu l 110mm.

Chiu cao gu h 110mm.

Chiu cao ming gu h1 33mm.

Gc ln ca y gu r 25mm.

Gc nghing ca thnh gu 2o.

Gc xc 67o30.

Dung tch gu i 1,25lit.


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Khi lng gu 0,85 kg.

S lp cao su z 4 lp. [1, tr111]

ng knh tang D= 140xZ 560mm.

- Khong cch gia hai gu c tnh t cng thc sau:

Q= va

i 6,3 (tn/h) [1, tr 115]

Trong : Q: nng sut gu ti, 50 tn/h.

i: th tch gu, i = 1,25 dm3.

a: khong cch gia hai gu gn nhau (m).

: khi lng ringcai mch, =0,67 tn/m3.

v: vn tc b phn ko, v= 3m/s. [1, tr 115]

: H s cha y ca gu, chn =0,8. [1, tr 115]

Nn ta c:

mmmQ

via 7,1441447,0

50

367,08,025,16,36,3

.

- S lng gu trn bng:

n =

27438,2737,144

28014,31890022

a

RH gu.

- Tng thi gian vn chuyn i mch ln xil cha:

T = 42,4150000

2,2071934 ( gi)

- Cng sut ng c ca gu ti:

Ndc=

367

HQ

(kw) [1, tr115]

Trong : Q : nng sut gu , tn/h.

H : chiu cao nng, H= 18,9m.

: Hiu sut gu ti, vi loi dng ht c H 30m th = 0,7.

Vy: Nc= kw68,37,0367

9,1850

S lng: 1 ci.


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47

6.1.3.2. Gu ti vn chuyn i mch ln thit b lm sch ( G2):

Chiu cao nng: H= 6,15m = 6150 mm.

Lng nguyn liu cn vn chuyn vo my lm schl: 73997,65 kg/ngy

[theo 6.1.2].

Nng sutcamy lm schl 5.500kg/h.

Theo [1, tr 110] ta chn cc thng s ca gu ti nh sau:

Nng sut ca gu: 5,5 tn/h.

Chiu rng tm bng B 125mm.

Chiu rng gu b 110mm.

Tm vi gu l 110mm.

Chiu cao gu h 132mm.

Chiu cao ming gu h1 66mm.

Gc ln ca y gu r 35mm.

Gc nghing ca thnh gu 40.

Gc xc 41o30.

Dung tch gu i 0,81l .

Khi lng gu 0,48kg.

Chiu dy gu 0,6mm.

S lp cao su 4 lp.

ng knh tang D=140xZ 560mm.

- Khong cch gia hai gu c tnh theo cng thc sau:

a = vQ

i 6,3 (tn/h) [1, tr 115]

Trong : Q:nng sut gu ti 5,5 tn/h.

i: th tch gu, i = 0,81 dm3.


: khi lng ring ca i mch,0,67 tn/m3.

v: vn tc bphn ko, v= 1m/s. [1, tr 115]

: H s cha y ca gu, chn =0,8.


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48

Nn ta c:

a = mmm 2,2842842,0

5,5

167,08,081,06,3

- S lng gu trn bng:

n =

502,284

28014,361502)(2

a

RH gu.

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 13,07,0367

15,65,5

.367

.

HQkw.

S lng : 1 ci.

6.1.3.3. Gu ti vn chuyn i mch t vt V3 ln bunke cha (G3): bo m ng b, chn G3 ging G2 nhng vi chiu cao vn chuyn :

H = 14,79 m = 14790mm.

- Khong cch gia hai gu: a= 284,2mm.

- S lng gu trn bng: n=

1112,284

28014,3147902

gu

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 31,07,0367

79,145,5

.367

.

HQkw.

S lng: 1 ci.

6.1.4. Tnh vt ti:

6.1.4.1. Vt ti vn chuyn i mch vo xil (V1):

Chn5 vt c chiu di vn chuyn 25630mm = 25,63 m.

Lng nguyn liu vn chuyn vo 20xil cha l: 2071934,2 kg.

Chn ng knh ca vt D= 600mm. thi gian vn chuynca vt bng thi gian vn chuyn ca gu ta chn

nng sut ca vt l 50 tn/h.

- S vng quay ca trc trong 1 pht:

n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht) (6.2) [1, tr 119]

Trong : D: ng knh ngoi ca cnh vt, D= 600mm.

: khi lng th tch ca vt liu, = 0,67 tn/m3

.


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S:bc vt, S= 0,9 x D = 0,9 x 0,6 = 0,54m.

: h s y, i vi dng ht l 0,4.

Vy: 42,204,067,054,06,047

502

n ( vng/pht).

- Cng sut cn thit trn trc vt:

N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw) (6.3)

Trong : - Q: nng sut vt ti, kg/s.

- l: chiu di ca vt ti, (m)

- k: h s xt n s mt mt trong trc, k= 0,70,8; chn

k=0,75.

- : h s tr lc, i vi dng ht l 1,5.

- 1,1: h s tr lc xut hin khi vt liu i qua cc gi trc

trung gian.

Vy: N = 19,7360075,01000

5,163,2581,9500001,1

(kw)

- Cng sut ng c in c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

Nc=

N(kw) (6.4)

Vi l hiu sut b phn dn ng, chn = 0,8.

Nc= 98,0

19,7 (kw)

Slng: 5 ci.

6.1.4.2. Vt ti vn chuyn i mchn thit b lm sch (V2):

Chn5 vt c chiu di vn chuyn ca vt ti 26140mm = 26,14 m.

ng b chn nng sut vt ti bng nng sut gu ti G2: 5,5 tn/h. [theo

6.1.3.2].

Chn ng knh ca vt D= 600mm.

- Theo cng thc (6.2), ta c s vng quay ca trc trong 1 pht:


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.

50

n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

25,24,067,054,06,047

5,52

n ( vng/pht)

- Theo cng thc (6.3), ta c cng sut cn thit trn trc vt:

N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N= 86,0360075,01000

5,114,2681,955001,1

kw.

- Theo cng thc (6.4), ta c cng sut ng c in:

Nc=

N(kw)

Nc= 075,18,0

86,0 kw

Slng: 5 ci.

6.1.4.3. Vt ti vn chuyn i mch t my lm sch n gu G3 (V3):

Chiudi vn chuyn ca vt ti: 2200 mm = 2,2 m.Nng sut vt til: 5,5 tn/h.



n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

25,2

4,067,054,06,047

5,52

n ( vng/pht)


N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N= 07,0360075,01000

5,12,281,955001,1

(kw).

- Theo cng thc (6.4), ta c cng sut ng c in :


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51

DH1

H2 H

45o

H3

d

Hnh 6.2:Bunke cha.

Nc=

N(kw)

Nc= 09,08,007,0 (kw).

S lng: 1 ci.

6.2. Phn xng ra,st trng, ngm:

6.2.1. Bunke cha nguyn liu:

Dng bunke cha nguyn liu trc khi a vo ra, bunke c dng thn

tr, y cn, c gc nghing = 45o

v c ch to t thp khng g.Theo bng [4.3], ta c lng nguyn liu sau khi lm sch l 73257,67(kg/ngy).

Ta s dng 10bunke cha, v vy lng nguyn liu cha trong 1 bunke:

73257,67/10 = 7325,767 (kg).

- Th tch ca mt bunke:

Vbunke= VTr+ VN=

m

= 15,129,0670

767,7325

x(m

3)

Chn D= 3m; d = 0,5m; H3 = 0,3m.

- Th tch phn nn:

VN= otgdD 45.24

1 33

= 52,315,03241 33 (m3)

- Th tch phn tr:

VTr= Vbunke- VN= 12,153,52= 8,63 (m3)

M: VTr= 1

2

4

.H

D

=> H1= 22,1314,3

63,84

.

.422

D

VTr

(m)


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.

52

V: H2= 25,112

5,0345

2

otgdD

(m)

- Nn chiu cao tng cng ca bunke:H = H1+ H2+ H3= 1,22 + 1,25 + 0,3= 2,77 (m).

Vy ta s dng 10 bunke v 2 bunke d tr vi cc kch thc nh sau:

D = 3m; d = 0,5m; = 45o.

H = 2,77m, trong : H1= 1,22m; H2= 1,25m; H3= 0,3m.

6.2.2. Thit b ra, ngmi mch:

Thit b l thng dng thn tr, y cn c gc nghing y = 600.

gia l ng ng trung tm, n c kt ni vi ng ng dn kh nn.

Th tch ca nguyn liu cn cha l (tnh theo th tch ca i mch sau ngm):

V=157,61 (m3/ngy) [theo bng 4.3]

Ta s dng 10thng ngm nn th tch mi thng l:

01,2175,010

61,157

NT VVV (m

3).

ChnD = 3m; d = 0,4m; H3 = 0,2m.

53,334,05,224

1 33 NV (m3)

Suy ra: 48,1753,301,21 NT VVV (m3)

M: VT= 1

2

4

.H

D

Do : 47,2314,3

48,1744221

D

VH T

(m).

V: 25,232

4,0345

22

otg

dDH (m)

Nn chiu cao ca thng: H = H1+ H2+ H3= 2,47 + 2,25 + 0,2 = 4,92 (m).

Thigian mi ln rav ngm l 48h v vy m bo tnh lin tc cho

qu trnh sn xut th s lng thit b ngm, ral 20 thng v 2 thng d tr.

Vy s thit b cn dng l20 thng vc thm 2 thng d tr thay th

khi lm v sinh thit b.Thng ra v ngm c kch thc nh sau:

DH1

H2H

45

H3

d

Hnh 6.3: Thng ra v ngm.


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D = 3 m; d = 0,4m; = 450.

H = 4,92m trong : H1 = 2,47m; H2 = 2,25m; H3 = 0,2m.

6.2.3. Thng cha nc:

Thng cha nc a vo ra v ngm i mch, n c dng thn tr, y

cn, c gc nghing = 45ov c ch to t thp trng men bn trong.

Theo bng [4.3], ta c lng nc s dng trong mt ngy l:

736,27(m3/ngy).

Cc thng s cha lng nc s dng cho na ngy. Vy th tch nc cn

cha l: 368,14 (m3).

S dng 10 thng cha, v vy th tch mi thng cha l:

V = VN+ VT= 9,409,010

14,368

x(m

3)

Chn D= 3,8m; d = 0,2m; H3 = 0,2m.

- Th tch phn nn:

VN= otgdD 45.24

1 33

= 18,712,08,324

1 33 (m3).

- Th tch phn tr:

VT = V- VN= 40,97,18= 33,72 (m3).

M: VT = 1

2

4

.H

D

=> H1 = 93,28,314,3

72,334

.

.422

D

VT

(m).

V: H2 = 8,112

2,08,345

2

otgdD

(m)

- Chiu cao tng cng ca thng:

H = H1+ H2+H3= 2,93 + 1,8 + 0,2= 4,93(m)

Vy ta s dng thng cha nc vi s lng l10 thng vi kch thc

nh sau:

D

H1

H2

45o

H3

d

Hnh 6.4: Thng cha nc.

H


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54

D = 3,8m; d = 0,2m; = 450.

H = 4,93m trong : H1= 2,93m; H2= 1,8m; H3= 0,2m.

6.2.4. Thng cha H2O2:

Thng cha H2O2c dng thn tr, y cn, c gc nghing =45ov c

ch to t thp trng men bn trong.

Theo bng [4.3], ta c lng H2O2s dng trong mt ngy l: 21977,66 (lit);

ta s dng 4 thng cha.

- Th tch ca thng l:

V = VN+ VT= 9,610449,0

66,21977

x (lit)

= 6,1049 (m3).

Chn D= 2m; d = 0,2m; H3= 0,2m.

- Th tch phn nn:

VN = otgdD 45.24

1 33

= 04,112,02241 33

(m3

).

- Th tch phn tr:

VT= V- VN= 6,10491,04= 5,06 (m3).

M: VT = 1

2

4

.H

D

=> H1 = 61,1214,3

06,54

.

.422

D

VT

(m).

V: H2 = 9,012

2,0245

2

otgdD

(m)

Chiu cao tng cng ca thng:

H = H1+ H2+ H3= 1,61 + 0,9 + 0,2 = 2,71(m)

Vy ta s dng thng cha H2O2vi s lng l4 thng vi kch thc nh sau:

D = 2m; d =0,2m; = 45o

H = 2,71m trong : H1= 1,61m; H2= 0,9m; H3= 0,2m.

DH1

H2

H

H3

d

Hnh 6.5: Thng cha H2O2.


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6.2.5. My nn kh:

Theo bng [4.3], ta c:

- Lu lng khng kh nn cn s dng cho 1 tn i mch: 29,2m3/h.

- Lng i mach trong 1 chu k ngm: 73257,67 x 2 = 146515,34 (kg)

= 146,52 (tn)

Vy lng khng kh nn cn cung cp l:

29,7 x 146,52 = 4351,64 (m3/h)= 72,73(m

3/pht).

Ta chn 3 my nn pittng c nng sut 27 m3/pht [7, tr515]

p sut lm vic: 6m.

Cng sut trn trc: 105 kw.

Cng sut ng c: 125kw.

Kch thc: di x rng x cao = 4000x2100x1800.

6.2.6. Vt ti vn chuyn i mch vo bunke (V4):

Chn2 vt c chiu di vn chuyn l: 33475 mm= 33,475 m.

Chn nng sut vt ti l: 5500 kg/h.

Chn ng knh ca vt D= 400 mm.- S vng quay ca trc trong 1 pht:

58,74,067,036,04,047

5,52

n ( vng/pht)


N = 1,1360075,01000

5,1475,3381,955001,1

(kw)

- Cng sut ng c in c xc nh:

Nc= 37,18,0

1,1 (kw)

S lng: 2 ci.

6.3. Phn xng m mm:

6.3.1. Thit b m mm:

m mm ta chn thit b thuc h Ostertag, do hng Seeger (Stuttgart

Cng ha linbang c) ch to.[3, tr 150]


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56

Thit b l mt catset di 4050m, rng 34m, cao 2m.

gia 2 catset c hnh lang cng nhn i li thao tc, y c b

tng cao cch ming lung m 0,5m. Trong mi ngn m c y dng li c

l mt sng, lmbng thp khng g. pha trn y l malt, pha di l khong

khng c chiu cao 0,7m b tr h thng ng dn kh iu ho. y cc ngn

m c trng xi mng vi nghing 3% thot m d dng. Mi catset m

c chia lm 7 ngn m, v mi ngnchia lm 2 vng bn nht, ngha l mi

lung c 14 vng bn nht v khi bt u m ht s vo vng bn nht th nht.

Ta chn 10catset.

Cc thng s ca catset m l:

- Chiu cao t y ngn n li ht l 0,7m .

- Sn li lm bng thp trng km, dy 3mm.

- Kch thc l li 1,5x20mm.

- Chiu cao tng pha trn li 1,4m.

- Chiu ngang ca lung l 3,5m.

Theo [3-Tr152], ta c chiu dy ca lp ht trong ccngn t 0,71,2m do ta c th chn chiu dy ca lp ht

trong cc ngnnh sau:

Bng 6.1:B dy lp ht ca cc ngn.

Tnh chiu di cc ngn:Gi s h s trng n ca malt trong qu trnh m l nh nhau.

Vy sau mi ngy m ta c tng th tch ca ht mi ngn l:

710x

VVV nut

Trong :

Vu: th tch ca ht sau khi m; Vu= 228,65m3 [theo bng 4.3]

S th t ngn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

B dy lp ht (m) 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1

Hnh 6.6: Catset m.


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57

Vn: th tch ca ht sau khi ngm; Vn= 157,61m3 [theo bng 4.3]

10: s catset m.

7: s ngn ca mi catset.

Vy: 01,1710

61,15765,228

xVt (m

3)

- Th tch malt ca ngn u cha c: 76,1510

61,157 (m

3)

- Th tch malt cacc ngntip theoc xc nh theo cng thc:

15,76 + a.Vt

- Vy chiu di ca cc ngn c tnh theo cng thc:

b

Vad ta

.5,3

.76,15

Vi : a Ngn cha malt th a.

b: chiu dy ca lp malt ngn a.

3,5: chiu rng ca catset.

Chiu di ca ngn 1: d1 15,76 1 0,8 60,8 3,5

x

x

(m)

Chiu di ca ngn 2: 98,55,385,0

01,1276,152

x

xd (m)

Chiu di ca ngn 3: 97,55,39,0

01,1376,153

x

xd (m)

Chiu di ca ngn 4: 96,55,395,0

01,1476,154

x

xd (m)

Chiu di ca ngn 5: 95,55,31 01,1576,155 x xd (m)Chiu di ca ngn 6: 94,5

5,305,1

01,1676,156

x

xd (m)

Chiu di ca ngn 7: 93,55,31,1

01,1776,157

x

xd (m)


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58

Bng 6.2:Chiu di cc ngn.

S th t ngn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 chiu di

Chiu di ngn (m) 6 5,98 5,97 5,96 5,95 5,94 5,93 41,73

6.3.2. My o malt:

Theo bng [4.3], ta c: - Lng malt ti l:103941,54 kg/ngy= 4330,9 kg/h.

- Th tch ca malt ti l: 228,64 m3/ngy = 9,53 m3/h.

Ta chn thit b o malt kiu gung

quay thuc h Ostertag ca hng Seeger [3,

tr151]. Vi cc thng s: [9, tr44].

Chiu rng catset l 3,5 m.

Chiu dy lp ht ti a:120 cm.

Bc gu: 150 cm.

Hnh 6.7:My o malt dng gung quay.

Mi catset ta dng 1 thit b, v vy ra s dng 10 catset nn dng 10 thit b

o malt.6.3.3. My iu ho khng kh:

Trong qu trnh m, i mch h hp mnh nn chng thi ra mt lng

ln CO2v lm tng nhit ca ht nn phi thi khng kh iu ho vo iu

chnh nhit , mv thnh phn khng kh trong khihtmcthch hp.

Theo bng [4.3], ta c: Lngkhng kh diu ha tnh cho 1 tn i mch

trong 1 ngy l: 44,75 m3

. Vy lng khng kh iu ha tnh cho c qu trnh m(7 ngy) l:

44,75 x 7 = 313,25 m3/ngy = 13,05 (m

3/h).

Lng i mch c trn sn m: 115379,35 x 7 = 807655,45 kg= 807,66 (tn)

Vy suy ra lng khng kh iu ha cn cung cp cho c qu trnh m l:

13,05 x 807,66 = 10539,96 (m3/h).


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Chn my iu ho khng kh hng Daikin: Daikin FD 08K/ RU 08K vi lu

lng kh 4080 m3/h.

Kch thc:1220x1280x690mm.

S lng: 3 my.

Hnh 6.8:My iu ha.

6.3.4. Vt ti vn chuyn malt t thit b m qua phn xng sy (V5):

Chn2 vt tic chiu di vn chuyn l: 29650 mm = 29,65 m.

Nng sut vt ti l: 103941,54 kg/ngy = 4330,9 kg/h. [theobng 4.3]



97,54,067,036,04,047

3309,42

n ( vng/pht)


N= 77,0360075,01000

5,165,2981,99,43301,1

(kw)

- Theo cng thc (6.4), ta c cng sut ng c in:

Nc= 96,08,0

77,0 (kw)

S lng: 2 ci.

6.3.5. B cha nc d tr:

Theo bng [4.3]ta c lng nc cn s dng cho 1 ngy l 736,27 m3.

Ta chn 2 b cha vi kch thc:

+ Chiu rng b: 6m.+ Chiu cao b: 2m.

+ Chiu di ca b736,27

32,292 6 2 0, 95

m

,chn 33 m.

+ S lng b: 2 b.

6.3.6. Bm nc:

Theo bng [4.3] ta c lng nc s dng trong 1 ngy l:736,27 m3

Lng nc s dng trong mt gi: 30,68 m3/h.


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Chn 3 bm ly tm c cng sut mi bm l: Q= 15 m3/h.

p sut lm vic: p =3 at.

Cng sut ng c: N = 10 kw/h.

6.4. Phn xng sy maltv kho thnh phm:

6.4.1. My sy malt:

Theo bng [4.3]ta c: - Lng malt trc khi sy l: 103941,54 (kg/ngy).

- Lng malt saukhi ra khi my sy: 60998,48 (kg/ ngy).

V vy ta chn my sy c nng sut theo sn phm l 5 tn sn phm/ngy

vi s lng 14my.

Vt liu ch to my bng thp CT3, cht ti nhit l khng kh c un

nng trong calorife.

Thit b sy hiu CX-5 do vin hn lm cng ngh Latviasn xut.[1, tr196]

My syhot ng lin tc, v chia thnh 4 vng syvi nhit khc nhau.

Kch thc ca my: Di x rng x cao: 5,1 x 4,3 x 15(m).

Cng sut : 1,5kw.

6.4.2. My tch mm, r:

Theo bng [4.3]th lng malt cn tch mm, r trong 1 ngy l: 60998,48 kg.

Chn nng sut my l 16.000 kg/ngy. [9, tr126]

Ta chn 4my.

Tang quay t l mt sng vi kch thc l: Di x rng: 25 x 1,5mm.

Cng sut ng c:1,25kw.

Kch thc: 3 x 2 x 2,4m.

6.4.3. Thng cha mm, r malt:

Theo bng [4.3] th lng mm, r tch ra trong mt

ngy theo th tch l 12,58 m3. Thng chamm, r

c dnghnh trchnht, cchtotthp CT3.

Vy ta chn thng cha c kch thc:

- Di: 2m.

H

R

Hnh 6.7: Thng cha r mm.


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- Rng : 2m.

- Cao:12,58

3,31

2 2 0,95

(m)

S lng: 1 ci.

6.4.4. Xil cha malt thnh phm:

Theo bng [4.3] th lng malt sau khi tch mm, r: 58252,43 (kg/ngy).

Thtch malt : 89,53 (m3).

Ta chn thi gian d tr ti a l 4 tun (28 ngy), do lng malt thnh

phm cn cha trong thi gian bo qun l:

58252,43 x 28 = 1631068,04 kg

89,53 x 28 = 2506,84 m3

Ta chn15 xil c kch thc bng cc xil cha nguyn liu sn xut [Mc6.1.1]

6.4.5. Tnh gu ti:

6.4.5.1. Gu ti vn chuyn malt vo thit b sy (G4):

Chiu caonng: H = 16500 mm = 16,5 m.Lng malt cn vn chuyn cagu 4330,9 kg/h. [theo 6.3.4]

Theo [1, tr110] ta chn cc thng s ca gu ti ginggu G2.

- Khongcch gia2 gu gnnhau: a = 284,2 mm.


1232,284

28014,3165002)(2

a

RH gu

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 35,07,0367

5,165,5

.367

.

HQkw

S lng : 1ci.

6.4.5.2. Gu ti vn chuyn malt vo my tch mm (G5):

Chiu cao nng: H = 4350mm = 4,35 m.


Lng malt cn vn chuyn ca gu: 60998,48 kg/ngy= 2541,6kg/h.

Theo [1, tr 110] ta chn cc thng s ca gu ti gingG2:

- Khongcch gia2 gu gnnhau:


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a = vQ

i 6,3 (tn/h) [1, tr 115]

Trong : Q: nng sut gu ti 5,5 tn/h.i: th tch gu, i = 0,81 dm3.


: khi lng ring ca i mch, = 0,65 tn/m3.

v: vntc b phn ko,v= 1m/s. [1, tr 115]

: h s cha y ca gu, chn =0,8.

Vy a = mmm 7,2752757,05,5165,08,081,06,3

.


387,275

28014,343502)(2

a

RH gu

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 09,07,0367

35,45,5

.367

.

HQ(kw)

S lng : 1 ci.

6.4.5.3. Gu ti vn chuyn malt vo xil cha (G6):

Chiu cao nng: H= 18850 mm= 18,85 m.


Lng malt cn vn chuyn ca gu: 58252,43 kg/ngy =2427,18 kg/h.

Theo [1, tr 110] ta chn cc thng s ca gu ti gingG5:

- Khongcch gia2 gu gnnhau: a = 275,7 mm.


1437,275

28014,3188502)(2

a

RH gu

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 4,07,0367

85,185,5

.367

.

HQkw

S lng : 1 ci.

6.4.5.4. Gu ti vn chuyn mm, r vo thng cha (G7):

Chiu cao nng: H= 4760 mm= 4,76 m.


- Lng mmr cn vn chuyn ca gu 2662,43 kg/ngy = 110,93 kg/h.


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Theo [1, tr 110] ta chn cc thng s ca gu ti gingG2.

- Khongcch gia2 gu gnnhau:

a = vQ

i 6,3 (tn/h)

a = mmm 8,1371378,05,5

5,065,08,081,06,3

.


828,137

28014,347602)(2

a

RH gu.

- Cng sut ng c: Nc= 1,0

7,0367

76,45,5

.367

.

HQkw

S lng : 1 ci.

6.4.6. Tnh vt ti:

6.4.6.1.Vt ti vn chuyn malt vo my sy (V6):

Chn 3 vt tichiu di vn chuyn l: 28767mm.

Nng sut ca vt l: 103941,54 kg/ngy = 4330,9 kg/h. [bng 4.3]

Chn ng knhca vt D= 400mm.


n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

97,54,067,036,04,047

3309,42

n ( vng/pht)


N = k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 75,0360075,01000

5,1767,2881,99,43301,1

(kw)

- Cng sut ng c in c xc nh

Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 94,08,0

75,0 (kw).


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S lng: 3 ci.

6.4.6.2. Vt ti vn chuynmalt t my sy ti gu G5 (V7):

Chn 3 vt ti c chiu di vn chuyn l:29461mm = 29,461 m.

Nng sut ca vt l: 60998,48 kg/ngy = 2541,6 kg/h. [bng 4.3]



n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

61,34,065,036,04,047

5416,2

2

n ( vng/pht)


N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 45,0360075,01000

5,1461,2981,96,25411,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 56,08,0

45,0 (kw)

S lng: 3 ci.

6.4.6.3. Vt ti vn chuyn malt t gu ln thit b tch r (V8):

Chiu di vn chuyn ca vt ti 14759 mm= 14,759m.

Nng sut vt l: 2541,6 kg/h [theo 6.4.6.2].



n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

61,34,065,036,04,047

5416,22

n ( vng/pht)



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N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 22,0360075,01000

5,1759,1481,96,25411,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 275,08,0

22,0 (kw)

S lng: 1 ci.

6.4.6.4. Vt ti vn chuyn malt tch mm r tigu G6 (V9):

Chiu di vn chuyn ca vt ti 17848 mm = 17,848 m.

Nng sut ca vt l: 58252,43kg/ngy = 2427,18 kg/h. [theobng 4.3]



n =

SD

Q2

47

(vng/pht).

45,34,065,036,04,047

42718,22

n ( vng/pht)


N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 26,0360075,01000

5,1848,1781,918,24271,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 325,08,0

26,0 (kw)

S lng: 1 ci.


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6.4.6.5. Vt ti vn chuyn mm r ti G7(V10):

Chiudi vn chuyn ca vt ti 15148 mm = 15,148 m.

Nng sut ca vt l: 2662,43kg/ngy = 110,93 kg/h. [theo bng 4.3]



n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht).

16,04,065,036,04,047

11093,02

n ( vng/pht)


N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 01,0360075,01000

5,1148,1581,993,1101,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 0125,08,0

01,0 (kw).

S lng: 1 ci.

6.4.6.6. Vt ti vn chuyn malt thnh phm vo xil cha (V11):

Chn3 vt tic chiu di vn chuyn l: 29500 mm = 29,5 m.

Nng sut ca vt l: 2427,18 kg/h. [theo 6.4.6.4]



n = SD

Q247

(vng/pht)

3,24,065,054,04,047

42718,22

n ( vng/pht)



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N =k

lgQ

10001,1

(kw)

N = 43,0360075,01000

5,15,2981,918,24271,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 54,08,0

43,0 (kw)

S lng: 3 ci.

6.4.6.7. Vt ti vn chuyn malt i cn, ng bao (V12):

Chn3 vt tic chiu di vn chuyn l: 29000mm = 29m.

Nng sut ca vt ti l: 2427,18 kg/h. [theo 6.4.6.6]

Chn ng knh ca vt D= 600mm .

- S vng quay ca trc trong 1 pht:n = 2,3 vng/pht.


N =k

lgQ

10001,1 (kw)

N = 42,0360075,01000

5,12981,918,24271,1

(kw)


Nc=

N (kw)

Nc= 525,08,042,0 (kw)

S lng: 3 ci.

6.4.7. Cn thnh phm:

Nh my chn hai cn nh lng theo khi lng, cn c t di xil

cha malt thnh phm.


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Bng 6.3: Bng tng kt thit b.

STT Tn thit b S lng Kch thc (mm)

1 Xil cha nguyn liu 20 D=4000, d = 500,H = 16050

2 My lm sch 1 3000 x 2000 x 4000

3 Gu ti G1 1 H = 18900; B = 175; b = 160

4 Gu ti G2 1 H = 6150; B = 125; b = 110

5 Gu ti G3 1 H = 14790; B = 125; b = 110

6 Vt ti V1 5 L= 25630; D = 6007 Vt ti V2 5 L= 26140; D = 600

8 Vt ti V3 1 L= 2200; D = 600

9 Bunke cha nguyn liu 12 D = 3000, d = 500, H = 2770

10 Thit b ra v ngm 22 D = 3000, d = 400, H = 4920

11 Thng cha nc 10 D = 3800, d = 200, H = 4930

12 Thng cha H2O2 4 D = 2000, d = 200, H = 2170

13 My nn kh 2 4000x2100x1800

14 Vt ti V4 2 L= 33475; D = 400

15 Thit b m 10 L= 41730, R = 3500

16 My o malt 10

17 My iu ho khng kh 4 1250 x 4000 x 1750

18 Vt ti V5 2 L= 29650; D = 400

19 B cha nc d tr 2 33000x 6000x200020 Bm nc 3 Q = 15 m3/h

21 Thit b sy malt 14 5100 x 4300 x 15000

22 My tch mm, r 4 3000 x 2000 x 2400

23 Thng cha mm, r malt 1 2000x2000 x3310

24 Xil cha malt thnh phm 15 D =4000, d= 500, H = 16050

25 Gu ti G4 1 H = 16500; B = 125; b = 110


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26 Gu ti G5 1 H = 4350; B = 125; b = 110

27 Gu ti G6 1 H = 18850; B = 125; b = 110

28 Gu ti G7 1 H = 4760; B = 125; b = 110

29 Vt ti V6 3 L= 28767; D = 400

30 Vt ti V7 3 L= 29461; D = 400

31 Vt ti V8 1 L= 14759; D = 400

32 Vt ti V9 1 L= 17848; D = 400

33 Vt ti V10 1 L= 15148; D = 400

34 Vt ti V11 3 L= 29500; D = 60035 Vt ti V12 3 L= 29000; D = 600

36 Cn 2


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CHNG 7

TNH T CHC V XY DNG7. 1. T chc:

7.1.1. S h thng t chc ca nh my:

7.1.2. T chc lao ng ca nh my:7.1.2.1. Ch lm vic ca nh my:

Nh my lm vic 309ngy trong mt nm.

Bphnhnh chnh lm vic:

Sng: T7h n11h.

Chiu: T13h30 n5h30h.

Phn xng ngm, m mm v sy lm vic 3 ca/ ngy.

Ca 1: Bt u t 6h n 14h.

Gim c

PG Kinh doanh PG K thut

Phngk hoch

Phng

cun tiu

Phng

t chcPhng

k tonPhng k

thutPhng thn him

Bphnphtr Bphnsnxut

T lhi

Tvn

chuyn

Tinnc

P/x

x lnguyn

liu

P/xra vngm

P/x

mmm

P/x

syP/x

thnh

phm


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Ca 2: Bt u t 14h n 22h.

Ca 3: Bt u t 22h n 6h sng hm sau.

Khong thi gian giao ca l 15 pht.

7.1.2.2. Ngun

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