Download - The Originis of the Congress
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Thecongress
ofvienna
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Why?• Because the geography of
Europe had been so changed by Napoleon, a group of leaders from the major powers in Europe gathered in Vienna, Austria to talk about how to put it back together.
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Why?•The congress itself was a year-long attempt to figure out what to do with Europe.
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Why?• Prince Metternich, the host of
the event, was the Austrian minister of foreign affairs who had some very strong ideas about what direction Europe should go in.
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Why?• Others at the congress were
Czar Alexander I of Russia, the Duke of Wellington (who had defeated Napoleon) and Lord Castlereagh of England, and Charles de Talleyrand of France.
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New styles• Two new political philosophies
emerged at the Congress of Vienna.
• The first was liberalism, which supported guarantees for individual freedom, political change, and social reform.
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New styles•The followers of liberalism were very much in favor of the ideas of the Enlightenment and thought that the French Revolution needed to happen.
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New styles•This is opposed by conservatism, which supported the traditional political and social order and resisted changes that threatened that way of life.
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New styles•Conservatives looked at the French Revolution as a bad thing because it changed the way things used to be.
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New styles•Nationalism also became
popular again, but its meaning was adapted from not only wanting to form a nation, but also to take pride in a common culture regardless of political boundaries.
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New styles• For liberals, this meant a desire
to allow people to free themselves from foreign control.
• For conservatives, it meant an end to the old world order.
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What they want•Each nation came to Vienna wanting something different, something that benefited them over every other nation.
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What they want•Metternich of Austria was a conservative who opposed liberalism and nationalism.
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What they want• Czar Alexander I of Russia
was a very religious man who brought with him a view of international relations based on Christian values of charity and justice.
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What they want• Lord Castlereagh believed in
the same things as Metternich and that the way to prevent anyone like Napoleon taking power again was to achieve a balance of power in Europe.
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What they want•A balance of power means that no nation could become too strong or too weak.
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What they want• Talleyrand of France had a
difficult job because it was his nation that had brought about the Congress of Vienna when it allowed Napoleon to try and take over Europe.
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What they want•His job was to make sure that France did not get punished too harshly.