The BrainThe Brain
_______
___________
___________
______________
___________
Areas of the brain The brain is composed of ___________
Hemispheres, ________ and _________________
____________
_____________
medulla Controls ______ including _______, and _________ rate Impulse transmitted from medulla via __________ or
__________ branch of __________ nervous system.
_________
_____________
____________
cerebellum Co-ordination of ________, ____ and
________
__________
_________
Highly Folded and so has a large _______. Patients with injuries to specific parts of
the brain can be studied to see how their ______ are altered.
cerebrum/cerebral hemispheres
_________
____________
____________
Different parts of the brain can be _____________ to see which ______ in the body respond
Conversely different parts of the body can be stimulated to see which parts of the brain show ______________.
More recently _____ (magnetic resonance imaging) has been used in brain study
cerebrum/cerebral hemispheres
Areas of the cerebrum
Visua l sensory area
Visua l associationarea
Proprioception sensory area
M ainm otorarea
M ainsensoryarea
Com plex m ovem entm otor area
Higher functionsassociation area
Speechassociationarea
Sm ellsensoryarea Auditory
sensoryarea
Visua l andauditoryassociationarea
Com prehensionassociationarea
Sensoryareas
Associationareas
M otorareas
The Areas can be split into 3 groups __________ Areas
_______ Areas
___________ Areas
___________ ___________
__________
________ for impulses from ______
cerebrum/cerebral hemispheres
•________ of the cerebral hemispheres receive impulses from _____ organs and transmit them to the ____________ areas
•The _______ areas of the cerebral hemispheres receive _______ - _______ them in the light of similar past experiences and transmit impulses to _____ areas
•The motor areas transmit impulses to the _______
•The size of the ______ and ______ areas is related to the number of __________ in that area
•The left and right cerebral hemispheres control the _________ sides of the body
Mapping of the sensory & motor areas to the body
shou
lde
r
legs
toes
ankle
MotorCortex
shou
lder
toes
genita lia
foot
SensoryCortex
Sensory & Motor Maps
The maps show that regions of the body with many sensory (or _______) neurons have corresponding large areas of the _______ linked to them.
So for example the _____ occupy a larger region of the _______ than the ______, because there are more ______ neurons in the lips.
Association Areas Are used to compare ________ with previous
_______, and make ___________ These areas are involved in _______, _________
and ________ retrieval The ____________ are large in humans and it
is thought that they responsible for higher functions like ____________, ________ & ___________.
Speech The ________ of the brain Patients with ______ problems gave 1st clues
about how the brain controls language 1981 Dr Paul Broca described a patient who
could only say the word “tan”. When the patient died Broca examined the
brain and found damage to the ____________________
This part of the brain is now know as _______ area
Broca’s Area
__________
Wernicke’s Area In 1967 ______________ noticed damage to
another region of the cortex. _______ area is connected to ______ area by a
bundle of nerve fibres. If this was damaged the patient can understand
________ but cannot ________ words. So ________ area is concerned with
understanding ________. ______ area is concerned with controlling the ______ that produce ______
Wernicke’s Area
____________
Visual Processing
The __________ area is at the back of the brain & receives _______ input from the ______ nerves
The 2 _______ see slightly different images from the opposite of the _______, and differences can be used to judge ___________
Optic Chiasma
Summary ________ – receive input from receptors ___________ – Origin of impulses which
bring about voluntary movements These receive/transmit impulses from
the _______ side of the body ___________ – interpret _______
information in the light of ____________
A close shave
