PROTEIN

Its structure & functions.

Lesson DemonstratorsElixir Shalinee Li P. Dayday

Elixir Christopher S. Bandoquillo

Elixir Victor F. Melitante JrElixir Juan Carlos J. Lagahit

PROTEINProtein is a chain of amino acids joined by

peptide bonds in a specific sequence.

Protein is an essential nutrient. There is no life without protein. Protein is contained in every part of your body, the skin, muscles, hair, blood, body organs, eyes, even fingernails and bone. Next to water, protein is the most plentiful substance in your body.

(Lauritzen, Georgia C.)

The Two General Categories of Protein

Fibrous proteins are found only in animals. They usually serve as structural entities — for example, connective tissue, tendons, and muscle fiber. They are normally insoluble in water.

Globular proteins usually do not serve a structural function — they act as transporters, like hemoglobin, and are often enzymes. They are usually water-soluble

Functions of ProteinProtein has a critical physiological function.

Protein is primarily used in the body to build, maintain, and repair body tissues.

In the event that protein intake is greater than that required by the body for this primary function, excessive protein is converted to energy for immediate use or stored in the body as fat.

Protein energy will be used only after other energy sources (carbohydrate and fat) are exhausted or unavailable.

Functions of Proteins Protein is vital in the maintenance of body

tissue, including development and repair.

Protein is the major source of energy.

Protein is involved in the creation of some hormones, help control body functions that involve the interaction of several organs and help regulate cell growth.

Protein produces enzymes that increase the rate of chemical reactions in the body.

Functions of Proteins Proteins transport small molecules through

the organism. Hemoglobin is the protein that transports oxygen to the cells and it is called as transport protein.

Proteins called antibodies help rid the body of foreign protein and help prevent infections, illnesses and diseases.

protein help store other substance in the organism. For example, iron is stored in the liver in a complex with the protein ferritin.

Functions of Proteins Proteins help mediate cell responses, such

as the protein rhodopsin, found in the eye and involved in the vision process.

Proteins make up a large protein of muscle fiber and help in the movement of various parts of our bodies.

Skin and bone contain collagen, a fibrous protein

Structure of ProteinsProteins are composed of small units.

These units are the amino acids which are called the building blocks of protein. There are about 20 different amino acids which are commonly known.

Each different protein is composed of various amino acids put together in varying order with almost limitless combinations. Most proteins are large molecules that may contain several hundred amino acids arranged in branches and chains.

Structure of ProteinsBiochemists have distinguished several levels of structural organization of proteins. They are:

1.Primary structure2.Secondary structure3.Tertiary structure4.Quaternary structure

The PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN

Elixir JUAN CARLOS J.LAGAHIT

The SECONDARY

STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN

Elixir SHALINEE LI P. DAYDAY

The TERTIARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN

Elixir CHRISTOPHER S. BANDOQUILLO

The QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN

Elixir VICTOR F. MELITANTE JR.