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Preventing Violence, Robbery, and Theft

A Guide for Retail Owners, Managers, and Workers

About WorkSafeBCWorkSafeBC (the Workers’ Compensation Board) is an independent provincial statutory agency governed by a Board of Directors. It is funded by insurance premiums paid by registered employers and by investment returns. In administering the Workers Compensation Act, WorkSafeBC remains separate and distinct from government; however, it is accountable to the public through government in its role of protecting and maintaining the overall well-being of the workers’ compensation system.

WorkSafeBC was born out of a compromise between B.C.’s workers and employers in 1917 where workers gave up the right to sue their employers or fellow workers for injuries on the job in return for a no-fault insurance program fully paid for by employers. WorkSafeBC is committed to a safe and healthy workplace, and to providing return-to-work rehabilitation and legislated compensation benefits to workers injured as a result of their employment.

WorkSafeBC Prevention Information LineThe WorkSafeBC Prevention Information Line can answer your questions about workplace health and safety, worker and employer responsibilities, and reporting a workplace accident or incident. The Prevention Information Line accepts anonymous calls.

Phone 604 276-3100 in the Lower Mainland, or call 1 888 621-7233 (621-SAFE) toll-free in Canada.

To report after-hours and weekend accidents and emergencies, call 604 273-7711 in the Lower Mainland, or call 1 866 922-4357 (WCB-HELP) toll-free.

Preventing Violence, Robbery, and Theft

A Guide for Retail Owners, Managers, and Workers

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

Preventingviolence,robbery,andtheft:aguideforretailowners,managers,andworkers.—2010ed.

IssuedalsobyWorkers’CompensationBoardofBritishColumbia.

ISBN978-0-7726-6344-3

1.Retailtrade—BritishColumbia—Safetymeasures.2.Violenceintheworkplace—BritishColumbia—Prevention.3.Workenvironment—BritishColumbia.4.Industrialsafety—BritishColumbia.I.WorkSafeBC

HF5429.5P732010 363.11’9381109711 C2010-906263-9

©2010,2012Workers’CompensationBoardofBritishColumbia.Allrightsreserved.TheWorkers’CompensationBoardofB.C.encouragesthecopying,reproduction,anddistributionofthisdocumenttopromotehealthandsafetyintheworkplace,providedthattheWorkers’CompensationBoardofB.C.isacknowledged.However,nopartofthispublicationmaybecopied,reproduced,ordistributedforprofitorothercommercialenterprise,normayanypartbeincorporatedintoanyotherpublication,withoutwrittenpermissionoftheWorkers’CompensationBoardofB.C.

2012 edition

AcknowledgmentsThispublicationwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthegenerousassistanceofvariousorganizationsandindividualsinvolvedwithsmallbusinessinBritishColumbia.WorkSafeBCwouldliketothanktheRetailCouncilofCanadaandtheotherorganizationsandtheirrepresentativeswhohelpedproducethefirstedition,whichthisreprintisbasedon.

WorkSafeBC publicationsManypublicationsareavailableatWorkSafeBC.com.TheOccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulationandassociatedpoliciesandguidelines,aswellasexcerptsandsummariesoftheWorkers Compensation Act,arealsoavailableonthewebsite.

Somepublicationsarealsoavailableforpurchaseinprint:

Phone: 604232-9704Toll-freephone: 1866319-9704Fax: 604232-9703Toll-freefax: 1888232-9714Onlineordering: WorkSafeBC.comandclickonPublications;followthelinksfor

ordering

Contents

Introduction .................................................................................................1Didyouknow?............................................................................................... 1

Part 1: Overview..........................................................................................2Keyrisks......................................................................................................... 2

Reducingtherisk........................................................................................... 3

Part 2: Preventing violence (for employers) ............................................4Assessingtherisk............................................................................................ 4

Physicalcontrols(storedesignandsecuritydevices)....................................... 6

Proceduralcontrols(trainingandsafeworkprocedures)................................. 8

Part 3: Possible scenarios in retail (tips for employers and employees) ...............................................................................................11

Shoplifting(theft)........................................................................................ 11

Robbery....................................................................................................... 12

Difficultoriratecustomers........................................................................... 14

Abusivecustomers........................................................................................ 15

Unwelcomemembersofthepublic.............................................................. 15

Suspiciouspersons........................................................................................ 16

Part 4: What to do after a violent incident .............................................17Providefirstaidandothermedicalattentionifnecessary.............................. 17

Arrangeacriticalincidentinterventionifnecessary...................................... 18

Watchforsignsandsymptoms..................................................................... 18

Reportandinvestigatetheincident.............................................................. 19

Appendices ..............................................................................................20AppendixA:Somedo’sanddon’tsforpreventingretailviolence................... 21

AppendixB:Safetyandsecurityfeedbackreport.......................................... 22

AppendixC:Suspectandvehicleidentificationsheet................................... 24

AppendixD:Violentincidentreport............................................................ 25

AppendixE:Sampleprocedureforregularpersonchecks............................. 27

AppendixF:Safetyandsecuritychecklist..................................................... 28

AppendixG:WorkSafeBCForm52E40—IncidentInvestigationReport.... 30

AppendixH:OccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulationexcerpt—WorkingAloneorinIsolation............................................................... 32

AppendixI:OccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulationexcerpt—ViolenceintheWorkplace..................................................................... 33

AppendixJ:RequirementsundertheEmployment Standards Act................... 35

Otherhealthandsafetyresources................................................................. 36

Contactinformation.................................................................................... 36

A Guide for Retail Owners, Managers, and Workers • �

IntroductionDidyouknowthatworkplaceviolenceisoneofthetoptencostswhenitcomestoworkers’compensationclaimsintheretailindustryinBritishColumbia.Surprised?Soaremostpeople.

Workplaceviolenceincludesincidentsinvolvingtheuseofforce,aswellasthreateningstatementsandbehavioursthatmayleadtophysicalaltercations.Beingabletodealeffectivelywithalltypesofviolentincidentsiscriticalforaretailbusinessanditsemployees.

Did you know?· ViolentincidentsintheB.C.retailindustryresultinclosetoa

milliondollarsincompensationpaymentsannually.

· Retailcompanieslosemillionsofdollarseachyearasaresultoflostmerchandise,stolenmoney,andpropertydamage.

· Preventionmeasuresusedtoprotectemployeesagainstworkplaceviolencewillalsoreducestoreslosses.

· Employersarerequiredbylawtotrainemployeestodealwiththeriskofworkplaceviolence.

· Itisillegalforemployerstopassthecostsofstorelossesontotheiremployees.(SeeAppendixJ,page35.)

What is violence?

The Occupational Health and Safety

Regulation defines workplace

violence as “the attempted or actual

exercise by a person, other than

a worker, of any physical force so

as to cause injury to a worker, and

includes any threatening statement

or behaviour which gives a worker

reasonable cause to believe that he

or she is at risk of injury.”

Violence statistics

The B.C. Crime Prevention Association surveyed

1,200 retail employees in B.C., and found that

21% of them had been subjected to violence or

“aggressive acts” related to work.

From 2007 to 2011, acts of violence or force in the

B.C. retail industry ranked ninth among causes of

work-related injury in terms of claim costs paid.

Over that period:

• The total cost of claims came to over $7.5 million

• There was an average of 85 violence-related

claims each year

• The average cost paid per claim was the highest

of all accident types

Considering the nature of violence, the actual costs

to business and the personal toll on front-line

employees are likely much higher.

� • Preventing Violence, Robbery, and Theft

Part 1: OverviewInmanyretailbusinesses,front-lineemployeesareatriskfromviolentincidentsonadailybasis.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Inmostoperations,thepublichasfreeandeasyaccesstothestoreandemployeesfrequentlyneedtodealwithpeopletheydon’tknow.Inaddition,retailbusinessestypicallykeepcashonhand,displaytemptingmerchandise,remainopenforextendedhours,andemploylargenumbersofyoungworkers.

Key risksThefollowingarekeyrisksformanyretailbusinesses:

· Robberyandassault

· Shoplifting

· Abusiveanddifficultcustomers

· Unwelcomemembersofthepublic

Mostemployeeswanttodothebesttheycanfortheiremployers.Whenapotentiallyviolentincidentoccurs,intheheatofthemomentanemployeemaytrytoreducethelossforthebusinessandputthemselvesatrisk.Itiscriticalthatemployeesunderstandthattheirsafetyisthefirstpriority.Thereisnoexpectationforemployeestobeheroes.Moneyandmerchandisecanalwaysbereplaced;peoplecan’t.

Ke

y ri

sks


Reducing the riskGiventhedailyrisksthatmanybusinessesface,retailersneedspecificplansfortheirstorestohelpprotectemployeesandminimizethepotentialforviolence.Retailerscanreducethepotentialforworkplaceviolencethroughacombinationofphysicalandproceduralcontrolmeasures,whichincludethefollowing:

· Carefulstoredesign

· Useofsecuritydevices—generalandpersonal

· Employeeeducationandtraining

· Employeeschedulingandproceduresforworkingalone

Themosteffectivecombinationofcontrolmeasures(orcontrols,forshort)willvarydependinguponthetypeofretailstore,location,andindividualbusinesspractices.

Physical controls

Storedesignandsecuritydevicesaresometimesreferredtoasphysicalcontrols.Physicalcontrolsmayincludethefollowing:

· Clearsightlinesbothinsideandoutsidethestore(forexample,byusinglowshelvingormirrors,orbypositioningthesalescounternearawindowsoemployeescanseeoutandthepubliccanseein)

· BarrierssuchaswidercountersorPlexiglaspartitions(oftenseeningasstations)thatseparatetheemployeesfromthecustomers

· Goodlighting

· Securitycameras

Procedural controls

Proceduralcontrolsincludetraining,safeworkprocedures,andscheduling.Theseallhaveasignificantimpactonhowvulnerableemployeesaretopotentialviolence.Retailbusinessesshoulddothefollowing:

· Provideemployeeswithspecifictrainingonworkplaceviolence.

· Providespecificwrittenproceduresforworkingalone.

· Providespecificwrittenproceduresforhigher-risksituationssuchasopening,closing,andcashingout.

· Evaluateemployeescheduling.Considerhowmanyemployeesareonshiftandwhotheyare.

Writtenproceduresdonotneedtobecomplicated;theyshouldfocusonminimizingtheriskforemployees.Considerconsultingyouremployees—front-lineworkersoftenhavegoodideasaboutpotentialproblemsandhowtosolvethem.

For more information

Employers can find more

information on physical

and procedural controls

in Part 2 of this booklet,

on pages 4 –10. Employers

and employees can find

tips on how to deal with

possible scenarios in

Part 3, on pages 11–16.

Reducing the risk


Part 2: Preventing violence (for employers)Thebestwaytodealwithworkplaceviolenceistopreventitfromhappeningatall.Asaretailemployer,youcandothisbydevelopingaviolencepreventionplan.Yourplanshouldidentifypotentialrisksinyourbusinessanddescribethecontrolsyouwillusetodealwiththoserisks.Yourcontrolswilllikelybeacombinationofcarefulstoredesign,securitydevicestodeterpotentiallyviolentpersons,aswellastrainingandsafeworkproceduresforemployees.

Yourviolencepreventionplanshouldbespecifictoyourworksiteandtypeofbusiness.Startbyaskingthesebasicquestions:

· Howwellpreparedisyourbusinesscurrently?

· Whatcontrolsdoyoualreadyhaveinplaceforviolenceprevention?

· Whatlikelyscenariosareyoutryingtoprotectagainst?

Thisprocessofgatheringandevaluatinginformationaboutthespecificriskstoyouremployeesisaworkplaceviolenceriskassessment.

Assessing the riskWheneverthereisdirectinteractionbetweenemployeesandthepublic,thereisapotentialforviolencetooccur.Ifexperienceinaspecificworkplaceorinsimilarworkplacesindicatesthatapotentialforviolenceexists(forexample,intheretailindustry)theOccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulationrequiresthatariskassessmentbeconducted.

Whenconductingariskassessment,youwillneedtogatherinformationaboutactualandpotentialviolentincidents,andanalyzeyourcurrentviolencepreventionmeasures,includingphysicalandproceduralcontrols.Followthesebasicguidelines:

· Useyourknowledgeandexperienceofyourbusinessandworklocationtoidentifypotentialproblems.Considerallaspectsofyourbusiness.

· Considerpreviousincidentsofviolenceinyourworkplace.Howmanyincidentshavetherebeenandwhathappened?

· Askforinputfromemployeesaboutcurrentproblems,concerns,andpossiblesolutions.

· Evaluatealltheinformationandprioritizetheareasthatneedimprovement.

Yourassessmentshouldresultinalistofimprovementstominimizetheriskstoyouandyouremployees.

The Regulation

Sections 4.27– 4.31

of the Occupational

Health and Safety

Regulation deal with

workplace violence

requirements for

B.C. businesses (see

Appendix I of this

booklet).


Inspect your workplace

Somebasicviolencepreventionstrategiescangoalongwaytowardsmakingyourstorewelcomingtocustomersbutunattractivetothievesandrobbers.Wheninspectingyourworkplace,considerthefollowingphysicalcontrols:

· Storelayout

· Designandpositionofsalescounters

· Typesandheightsofshelving

· Howandwhereyoudisplayvaluablemerchandise

· Useofmirrorstoseepartlyhiddenareasofthestore

· Useofdooralarms

· Useofpanicalarmsorpersonalalarms

Involve your employees

Nooneknowsyourbusinessbetterthanyouandyouremployees,somakeapointofaskingfortheirinputaboutpotentialrisksforviolence.Forexample,whenandwheredoemployeesfeeltheycouldbeunsafe?Dotheyfeelconfidentthattheyknowhowtohandleaviolentsituation?Aretheyawareofindividualsorsituationsthathavebeenproblemsinthepast?

AskasmanyofyouremployeesaspossibletocompletetheSafetyandSecurityFeedbackReport(AppendixB).Thereportisdesignedtogetemployeesandsupervisorsthinkingaboutspecificworkplaceviolenceissues,includingwheretheyfeelvulnerableandwheretheythinkimprovementscouldbemade.

Groupdiscussionswithyouremployeesmayalsobeeffectiveforgettingtheirinput;andagroupsettingmaysparkagreaterexchangeofconcernsandideas.YoucanusetheSafetyandSecurityFeedbackReporttohelpguidediscussions.Recordalltheinformationdiscussed.Theideaistogetasmuchinformationaspossibleaboutworkplaceviolenceconcernsandpossiblecontrolsforyourbusiness.

Ifyourcompanyhasasafetycommittee,involvethecommitteeintheprocessofassessingrisksanddevelopingcontrols.

“Hardening the target”

Evaluate the use of violence

prevention controls in your

business — inspect your workplace

using the Safety and Security

Checklist in Appendix F. Contact

your local community police officer

for advice on robbery and theft

prevention.

Employee input

Employees should complete the

Safety and Security Feedback

Report on pages 22–23 and

give it to their employers or

supervisors — they need to know

what employees think about

safety and security.

An overhead mirror can let employees see all the aisles in the store.


Set priorities and develop a written plan

Prioritizethepotentialrisksyouhaveidentifiedsothatyouknowwhichonestoaddressfirst.ReadoverthereturnedcopiesoftheSafetyandSecurityFeedbackReportandcompareemployeecommentsandsuggestionswithyourcompletedSafetyandSecurityChecklist.Brainstormwithyouremployees,orarepresentativeteam,abouthowyoucandealwitheachpotentialrisk.Prepareawrittenplan,includingatimelineforimplementingcontrols.

Share the written plan with your employees

Ifyouwantemployeestotakeviolencepreventionseriously,youneedtoshowthemthatyouareserioustoo.Asimpleone-pagesummaryreportexplainingyourviolencepreventionplanandtimelinecanhelpachievethis.TheSafetyandSecurityChecklistisorganizedintocategoriessuchas“Visibilityandlighting”and“Handlingmoneyanddeposits.”Considerusingthesecategoriestohelporganizeyourreport.

Postthereportinthestaffroom,whereemployeescanreadit.Holdastaffmeetingtogoovertheplanandtodiscussotherpossiblestrategies.

Implement the plan

Violencepreventioncaneasilypayforitself.Itprobablywon’tcostmuch,ifanything,toimplementmostofthesolutionsinyourplan.Infact,manyofthechangesthatyoumaketoimprovesafetywillalsomakeyourbusinessmoreattractivetocustomersandimprovesalesandemployeemorale.Also,manyofthecontrolsthathelppreventviolencewillalsohelppreventrobberyandtheft.

Physical controls (store design and security devices)Considerincludingthefollowingstoredesignfeaturesandsecuritydevicesinyourviolencepreventionplan:

· BarrierssuchasPlexiglas(asingasstations)andwidecountershelpkeepemployeesoutofreachfromcustomers.

· Low shelvesensureagoodviewwithinthestore,makingitmoredifficultforthievestohide.

· A safewith a time lockisagoodplacetostorecashandothervaluables.

· Product placementcandiscourageshoplifting.Placeexpensiveitemsbehindthecounterorinlockeddisplay.

A safe with a time lock is useful for storing cash and other valuables.


· The cash register layoutshouldbenearawindowwithclearviewsoutsidesotheclerkiseasilyvisibletothepublic(nopostersonthewindow).Theemployeeshouldbeonaraisedfloortoallowclearviewsoftheentirestore,andshouldhavemorethanoneexittoavoidbeingblockedineasily.

· A secure refuge areasuchasalockableofficewithafish-eyelensinthedoorandaphonewillallowemployeestosafelymonitorthestore.

·Mirrors and clear sight linesallowemployeestoseewhoisintheaislesorsecludedpartsofthestore.

· Visible security cameras deterindividualsandrecordallactivitiesinthestore.

·Communication devices for employees to summon help in an emergencyincludepanicbuttons,personalalarmscarriedbyemployeesathighrisk,andcellphones.

·Door alarmsalertemployeeswhensomeonehasenteredthestore.

·Good lightingisusefulbothinsideandoutsidethestore.

·Keeping landscaping low ensuresgoodvisibility,especiallynearentrancesandexits,andbesidewalkwaystoparkingareas.

· Visible security workers canbehiredincooperationwithneighbouringbusinesses.

· Signage advertising controlssuchas“Cashintime-locksafe”and“Securitycamerasinuse” deterwould-bethieves.

An overhead security camera records what’s going on in the store and helps deter shoplifters and robbers.

Employees can use a panic button behind the counter to summon help in an emergency.


Procedural controls (training and safe work procedures)Employersareresponsibleforprovidingasafeandhealthyworkplaceandensuringthatemployeesareadequatelytrainedbeforetheystartajob.Allemployeesneedhands-ontraininginthetaskstheywillperformandongoingsupervisiontoensurethattheviolencepreventionprogramissuccessful.

Certainactivities(forexample,openingandclosingthestore,handlingmoney,andworkingalone)carryagreaterriskofviolencethanotheractivities,andemployeesmayneedtofollowaspecificsafeworkproceduretoeliminateorreducetherisk.Writtensafeworkproceduresspecifictoyourstorewillhelpwithemployeetraining.

Employeesrequirespecifictraininginrecognizingandhandlingpotentiallyviolentincidents.Thisincludesinformationoncustomerbehaviourstowatchoutforandsimpleactionsthatmaypreventasituationfromescalating.Forinstance,robbersdonotwanttobeidentified,soencouragingemployeestomakeeyecontactandgreeteveryonewhoentersthestoremaydecreasethelikelihoodofrobbersfollowingthroughwiththeirplans.

Thefollowingsectionsdescribecommonretailscenarios,andincludetipsandguidelinesthatyoucanusetodevelopwrittensafeworkprocedures.

Opening and closing the store

Retailemployeesaremostlikelytoexperienceviolentincidentsatopeningandclosingtimes.Althoughemployeesmaybeinahurrytogetstartedorwrapuptheworkday,theyshouldbeespeciallyvigilantandfollowopeningandclosingprocedures.Ifanemployeedoesn’tknowtheprocedures,heorsheshouldaskthesupervisororemployerfortraining.Employeesshouldalsoknowwherethewrittenproceduresaresotheycanrefertothem.Encourageemployeestoofferadviceonimprovingtheprocedures.

Italsohelpsforemployeestoworkinpairsatopeningandclosing,especiallywhendoingtheroundsattheendofashift.Cashhandlingmaybepartoftheopeningandclosingroutines.Employeesshouldensurethattherearenocustomersinthestoreifthisisthecase,andthatallentrancesandexitsaresecureandlocked.

Written safe work procedures tell employees what to do when an incident such as a robbery occurs.


Handling money

Allretailbusinessesshouldhavesafeworkproceduresforhandlingmoneyinthestoreorwhenmakingbankdeposits.Ensurethatemployeesfollowtheseguidelineswhenhandlingcashinthestore:

· Makesurecashhandlingareasarelocatedawayfromentrancesandexits.

· Makesuresalescountersarelocatedsotheyareclearlyvisiblefrominsideandoutsidethestore.

· Keepaslittlecashinthecashregisteraspossible.

· Placelargebillsinadropbox,safe,orstrongroomthatisoutofsight.

· Fitcountersafeswithtime-delaylocks.

Ensurethatemployeesfollowtheseguidelineswhenmakingbankdeposits:

· Avoidmakingbankdepositsatnight.

· Varythetimeandrouteformakingdeposits.

· Don’tcarrymoneyinbagsthatmakeitobviousyou’recarryingcashorthataremarkedwiththecompanylogo.

· Makedepositswithaco-worker,ifpossible.Theco-workershouldfaceawayfromthedepositorytokeepaneyeonotherpeopleinthearea.

Working alone

Workingalonepresentsadditionalrisks.Italsopresentslegalrequirements,includingtheneedforaspecificwrittenworkprocedurethatmustbedevelopedinconsultationwithyouremployees.Thewrittenworkprocedureshouldincludethefollowing:

· Specifictimeintervalsduringtheshift(dependingontherisk)whensomeonewillchecktheemployee’swell-being

· Aspecificcheckattheendoftheshift

· Theactionsthatwillbetakeniftheemployeecannotbecontactedordoesnotphoneinattheappropriatetime

Forasampleperson-checkprocedure,seeAppendixE,page27.

Therearemanywaystosetupachecksystemforemployeeswhoworkalone.Forexample,24-hourphoneserviceprovidersareavailableforchecks.Theserviceproviderwillexpectcallsfromyouremployeesduringtheirshifts.Ifanemployeedoesnotcall,anddoesnotansweradirectcall,theserviceproviderwillrespondimmediately.Othersystemsinvolveremotelymonitoredsecuritytimersthatemployeesmustactivateeveryfewhours.Ifthereisnoactivation,thesecuritycompanywillinitiateacall,drive-by,orotherresponse.

Employees can place large bills in a drop box to avoid keeping large sums of money in the cash register.

�0 • Preventing Violence, Robbery, and Theft

Allemployeeswhoworkaloneneedspecifictraininginproceduresforworkingaloneandanychecksystemsthatareinplace.Proceduresmustbereviewedannuallyorwheneverthereisachangeinyourbusinessarrangementsorpracticesthatincreasestheriskoraffectsthecurrentprocedure.

Ifworkingaloneispartofyourbusiness,youremployeesshouldfollowtheseguidelines:

· Keepbusywithtasksawayfromthesalescounterwhentherearenocustomersinthestore.

· Offerafriendlygreetingtopeoplewhoenterthestore.Makedirectandfriendlyeyecontactbutdon’tstareandbeconfrontational.Prolongedeyecontact,especiallyifthereisagroup,maybeseenasachallenge.

· Keepaneyeonanyonewhoisloitering.Askiftheyneedassistance.

· Ensurethatemergencyphonenumbersarehandy—nexttooronthephone.

· Don’tleavebackdoorsopenandunattended.

· Keepthestoreneatandclean.

· Don’temptygarbageatnight.Garbagebinsareoftenlocatedinsecludedareas.

· Stayalertandcallthepoliceifyouseeanysuspiciousactivityorpeoplearoundthestore.

Networking

Networkingwithotherbusinessesinyourimmediateareawillhelpyoucombineyourknowledgeandresources,andshareinformationonbestpractices.Networkingprovidesameansofsupportandhelpsimprovetheimmediateneighbourhood,makingitsaferforeveryone.Youandyourneighboursmaywishtosharecostsforinitiativessuchas:

· Enhancedoutdoorlighting

· Motiondetectors

· Visiblesecuritystaff

· Violencepreventiontraining

Neighbouringbusinessescanuseinformaloradvertisedwatchsystemstokeepaneyeoneachotherduringthebusinessday.Contactyourcommunitybusinessassociationandstartadiscussionaboutviolenceprevention.Youcanalsocontactyourcommunitypoliceofficeforideasonhowtoimproveyourimmediatebusinessareaandbuildasaferworkingcommunity.

A Guide for Retail Owners, Managers, and Workers • ��

Part 3: Possible scenarios in retail (tips for employers and employees)Ifyouareworkinginaretailbusiness,eitherasanemployeroranemployee,youmayfindyourselffacetofacewithviolence(forexample,duringarobbery),orinasituationthatcouldbecomeviolent(forexample,whendealingwithadifficultorabusivecustomer).Thispartprovidestipsthatwillhelpfront-lineworkersprotectthemselvesandpreventpotentiallyviolentsituationsfromescalating.Employerscanalsousetheseguidelinestodevelopsafeworkprocedures.

Shoplifting (theft)Shopliftingisthetheftofgoodsthatareondisplayinastore.Itiseasier,andsafer,topreventshopliftingthanitistodealwithashoplifter.

Watch out for people who...

· Seemnervousoravoideyecontact

· Wanderaroundthestorewithoutbuyinganything

· Leavethestoreandcomebacksoonafter

· Stayinapartofthestorewhereitisdifficulttoseethem

· Keeplookingaroundorwatchingyou

To discourage potential shoplifters...

· Greetandacknowledgeanyonewhoentersthestore.

· Befriendlyandpolitetoallcustomers.Askwhethertheyneedhelp.

· Ifsomeonelookssuspicious,makefriendlyeyecontactwithhimorher.

· Keepthestorecleanandorderly.

· Knowwhereshopliftingismostlikelytooccur.

· Makeyourstorealessdesirabletarget.ReviewtheideasinPart2.

If you suspect that someone is shoplifting...

· Play it safe.Don’tbeahero;yourlifeismoreimportantthanmoneyormerchandise.

· Don’tchasethesuspect.Thiscanquicklyleadtoviolence.Infact,someemployershaveapolicyofdiscipliningorevendismissingemployeeswhochaseasuspectedthief.

What are theft and robbery?

Theft refers to someone stealing

something in secret. Robbery

usually refers to someone

stealing something using force or

the threat of violence.

�� • Preventing Violence, Robbery, and Theft

· Don’taccusethepersonofstealing.

· Don’ttrytophysicallystopthesuspect.

· Don’tlockthedoortokeepthesuspectfromleaving.Apersonwhofeelstrappedismorelikelytopanicandbecomeviolent.

· Stayatleastanarm’slengthawayfromthesuspect.

· Givethesuspectachancetopayorputbacktheitem.Besureyouknowwhatwastakenandwherethesuspecthidit,andthenpolitelyask,“Areyoureadytopay?”or“Wouldyoulikeabagfor[theitem]?”

· Ifyoufeelfrightenedoruneasy,don’tcontinuetoconfrontthesuspect.Gethelpwhenit’ssafetodoso.Alertyoursupervisororanyotheremployeeswhocanhelpyou.

· Callthepoliceifyousenseathreatofviolenceorifhighlyvaluableitemsarebeingstolen.

After the shoplifter has left...

FillouttheViolentIncidentReport(AppendixD)andgiveittoyoursupervisororemployer.Thiswillalsoprovidevaluableinformationforthepolice.Recordthedateandtimeoftheincident,andwritedownasmuchinformationabouttheshoplifteraspossible,including:

· Heightandweight

· Hairstyleandcolour

· Skincolour

· Othernotablefeatures,suchasscarsortattoos

· Mannerisms

· Clothingandfootwear

· Vehiclemake,colour,year,andlicenceplatenumber,aswellasdirectionoftravel

Makeapointoftryingtodescribethesuspect’sfootwear.Manythievesandrobberswillchangetheirclothingafterwards,butnottheirshoes.

RobberyRobberiestypicallypresentthegreatestriskofviolencetoretailworkersandcustomers.Makingyourstoreamoredifficulttarget(seePart2)willhelpprotectyouandyourco-workersfrompossibleviolentsituationsandprovideasaferenvironmentforyourcustomers.

To prevent robbery...

· Dressneatlyandkeepthestoreneatandclean.Atidy,orderlystoreisinvitingtocustomersbutnottorobbers.

· Keepthestorewelllit.Reportanyburned-outbulbstoyourmanageroremployer.

· Befriendly.Makeeyecontactandoffercustomersafriendlygreetingastheyenterthestore.


· Stayalert.Watchforpeopleshowingthesamebehavioursaspotentialshoplifters(seepage11).

· Ifsomeonesuspiciousisstandinginline,askthecustomeraheadofthesuspiciousperson,“Areyoutogether?”Thecustomerwillusuallyturnaroundandlookattheotherperson.

· Ifyouseesomethingsuspicious,callthepolice.Nevertrytohandleityourself.

· Encouragethepolicetostopbyperiodically.

· Handlecashcarefullyandkeeptheamountofcashinregisterstoaminimum.Ifacustomertriestopaywithalargebill,politelyaskforasmallerone.Explainthatyoukeepverylittlecashonhand.

If someone tries to rob your store...

· Play it safe.Don’tbeahero.Cooperate;giveupthemoneyanddon’tresist.

· Evenifyoucannotseeaweapon,assumethatthereisone.

· Staycalmandcautiouslyobserveasmuchaspossibleabouttherobber.Don’tstareasthismayaggravatetherobber.

· Don’tlockthedoortokeeptherobberfromleaving.Apersonwhofeelstrappedismorelikelytopanicandbecomeviolent.

· Ifyoudonotunderstandwhattherobberistellingyoutodo,askforclarification.

· Avoidsurprises.Keepyourhandsinsightanddon’tmakeanysuddenmoves.

· Informtherobberifyouhavetoreachforsomething,ifthereisanotheremployeeinthestore(forexample,inthebackroomorcooler),orifsomethingwillmakeanunexpectednoise.

· Keepitbrief.Thelongerarobberytakes,themorenervoustherobberbecomes.

· Keepitsmooth.Handletheentiresituationasifitwereanormaltransaction.

· Activatethealarmonlyaftertherobberhasleft.

After the robber has left...

· Don’tchaseorfollowtherobber.

· Lockthestore.

· Callthepoliceandfollowtheirinstructions;thencallyoursupervisororemployertoreporttherobbery.

· Askanywitnessestostayuntilthepolicearrive.Trytomakethemascomfortableaspossiblewhiletheywait.

· Protectthecrimescene.Donotallowanyonetotouchanythingthatmightbeconsideredevidence,anddonotresumebusinessuntilthepolicearefinished.

· Donotdiscussdetailsoftherobberywithanyoneuntilafterthepolicehavetakenstatementsfromeveryone.

Crime prevention works

Criminals are always looking for ways

to beat crime prevention systems, but

there’s only so far that they’re willing to

go. You can lower your chances of being

robbed or being involved in a violent

incident by remembering one simple

rule: the greater the risk of getting

caught, the lower the likelihood that

someone will commit the offence.


· UsetheViolentIncidentReport(AppendixD)torecordinformationandshareitwiththepolice;thengiveittoyoursupervisororemployer.Recordthetimeanddateoftheincident,andwritedownasmuchinformationabouttherobberaspossible,including:

- Heightandweight

- Hairstyleandcolour

- Skincolour

- Othernotablefeatures,suchasscarsortattoos

- Mannerisms

- Clothingandfootwear

- Vehiclemake,colour,year,andlicenceplatenumber,aswellasdirectionoftravel

Difficult or irate customersInaretailbusiness,youwilleventuallyhavetodealwithdifficultoriratecustomers.Suchcustomersmaybecomeaggressive,leavingyoufeelingthreatenedandvulnerable.

UndertheTrespass Act,youcansimplyaskadifficultcustomertoleavethepremises.Ifthecustomerrefuses,youcancall9-1-1andsay,“Ihaveahostilecustomerwhorefusestoleave.”However,don’tasksomeonetoleaveifyoufeelthatitmightmakehimorhermoreaggressive.

Defusing a situation

· Askquestionstohelpyouunderstandwhatthecustomer’sconcernsare.

· Ifyouareanemployeeandyouareunabletoaddressthecustomer’scomplaintadequately,encouragethecustomertospeakwithyourmanagerorsomeoneelsewhohasauthoritytomakedecisionsorchanges.

· IfacustomerisangryaboutbeingaskedforIDforcigarettes,pointtotheID-requirementpostersandstickers,andexplainthatyouareonlyobeyingthelaw.

· Focusonbeingrespectfulandcourteous.Trytoremaincalm,andtrytocalmthecustomer.

· Avoidfocusingonwhoisrightorwrong.Focusinsteadondeterminingwhatwillsatisfythecustomerandonfindingwaystohelpthecustomersaveface.

· Sticktofacts,notopinionsorjudgments.Ignoreinsults.Keepbringingthediscussionbacktotherealissue.

· Listencarefully,andtrytoputyourselfinthecustomer’sshoes.

Know when to walk away

If the customer becomes

agitated and it seems

likely that the situation

will escalate:

• Don’t offer solutions

and don’t argue.

• Get help immediately.

• Ask a supervisor for

assistance or give the

customer the name

and phone number of

someone to contact.


· Ifthecustomerisdisruptiveandnoisy,andifitissafetodoso,movetoaquieterlocation,possiblywiththehelpofaco-worker.

· Ifyoucannotcalmthecustomer,askforhelp.

Abusive customersAbusiveconductdoesnotnecessarilyincludephysicalviolence,butphysicalviolenceoftenstartswithabusiveconduct.Abusiveconductincludes:

· Demeaning,degrading,intimidating,offensive,orotherwiseabusiveexpressions

· Unwelcomesexualattention

· Bullying

· Stalking

Noformofabuseisacceptable.Ifyouarefacedwithabusiveconduct,followtheseguidelines:

· Tellthecustomertostop.Dothisrightaway,beforetheunwantedbehaviourbecomesapattern.

· Tellthecustomerwhythebehaviourisunacceptable.Ifthecustomerpersists,askhimorhertoleave.

· Reporttheincidenttoyouremployerorthepersonwhonormallydealswiththistypeofcomplaint.

· Ifyoubelieveyouarebeingfollowedorstalked,callthepolice.

· Ifthethreatorabuseisfromsomeonedirectlyconnectedtoyourpersonallife,donotbeafraidtocallthepolice,especiallyifthesituationisescalating.

Unwelcome members of the publicRetailworkersfacemanydifficultsituations,especiallyifthestoreisopenforlongerhours.Employersshouldplanforandtraintheiremployeesonhowtohandlesituationssuchas:

· Peopleloiteringoutsidethestoreorgatheringinsidethestore

· Gangsorgroupsusingthestorefrontasameetingplace

· Homelesspeopleatthestoreentranceaskingforsparechangeorusingthedoorwayasashelterforthenight

· Drugaddictsusingthestorefrontareaorwashrooms

Insituationssuchasthese,well-meaningemployeesmaytalktothepeopleinvolvedtotryandsolvetheproblem.Doingso,however,mayactuallyincreasetheriskofaviolentincident.Employers and managers should make it clear to employees that they must not attempt to deal with these situations alone.Instead,employeesshouldreporttheirconcernstoasupervisororaskthepolicetocometothestore.

Dealing with trespassers

• If you think someone might be hiding in

a back room or washroom, don’t call out.

Go to a safe place and phone for help.

• If you find someone in an unauthorized

area, don’t block the exit. A person who

feels trapped is more likely to panic and

become violent.

• If you are responding to a break-in, do

not enter the building unless you know it

is safe. Call the police and wait for them

to arrive first.

• Remember that you have the legal right

to ask people to leave the premises.


Employersandmanagersshouldalsoconsidertakingstepstolessenthelikelihoodofthesesituations:

· Hireaprivatesecurityfirm.Somebusinessassociationshaveprogramstohelpstoreswiththeirsecurityneeds.Neighbouringbusinessescanworktogethertopayforsecurityguardsorpatrolcars.

· Postsignsprohibitingloiteringandstatingthatwashroomswillbeclosedduringthenightshift.

· Limitthenumberofpeopleinthestore.

· Improvelightinginandaroundthestore.

· Considerremovingamenitiesthatcouldencouragegroupstogather,suchasautomatictellermachines(ATMs)andpayphones.

Suspicious personsSometimeswhensomebodyisinthestore,itjustdoesn’tfeelright.Youmaynoticesomethingoddaboutaperson’sappearance,bodylanguage,behaviour,ormannerisms,almostsubconsciously,whichmaymakeyoufeelconcerned.Thispersoncouldbeinthestoretoshoplift,robthestore,orworse.

Whenasuspiciouspersonisinthestore,assessthesituationcarefully.Followtheseguidelines:

· Listentoyourinstincts.Rememberthatyoursafetyismoreimportantthanthegoodsinthestore.

· Considercontactingthepoliceoryoursecurityservice.Describethesituation,thesuspiciousperson,andhowlongtheyhavebeeninthestore.

· Ifsomeonehasbeeninthestoreforalongtimeandtheyseemtobelookingforsomething,askloudlywhethertheyneedhelp.Keepyourdistance—stayatleastanarm’slengthaway.

· Considerwhetheryouneedtomovetothestore’ssecurearea,whereyoucansafelymonitorthestore(forexample,toalockableofficewithafish-eyelensinstalledinthedoorandaphone).

· Whenthesuspiciouspersonhasleft,writeadescriptioninthelogsothatotheremployeescanwatchoutforthisperson.Thiswillalsohelpyourecognizethepersonifheorshereturns.

Employerscanmaketheirstoreslessofatargetbyfollowingtheseguidelines:

· Ensurethatthestorehasgoodlightingandgoodvisibility.

· Keepvaluablegoodsbehindthecounterorinlockeddisplays.

· Postsignsindicatingthatthereislittleornocashinthestore.

· Installclearlyvisiblecameras.

· Makeeyecontactwithandgreeteveryonewhoentersthestore.

Formoreideasonmakingyourstorelessofatarget,seePart2.

Trust your instincts.

If something doesn’t feel

right, it probably isn’t.


Part 4: What to do after a violent incidentEvenafteranemployertakesstepstopreventviolenceinaretailbusiness,violentincidentsmaystilloccur.Ifthishappens,it’simportanttoactquicklytominimizetheeffectsonemployees.Employersshouldprovidesupporttovictims,reportandinvestigatetheincident,andrevisetheviolencepreventionplantopreventasimilarincidentinthefuture.

Provide first aid and other medical attention if necessaryIfanemployeeisseriouslyhurtduringanincident,theemployermustdothefollowing:

· Providefirstaid.

· Arrangefortransporttoamedicalfacility.

· NotifyWorkSafeBC.

Ifitisalessseriousinjury,provideappropriatefirstaidandrefertoadoctorifnecessary.Iftherehasbeenpossiblecontactwithbloodorotherbodyfluids,makesuretheemployeegetsprofessionalmedicalassistanceassoonaspossible.

Makesureemployeesknowwherefirstaidsuppliesarekeptandhowtogethelpiftheyarehurtbutdon’tneedanambulance.

All businesses must have an adequate first aid kit available. For more information on first aid requirements, use the online First Aid Assessment Tool at www2.worksafebc.com/calculator/firstaid/.

Take employees seriously

Never dismiss or downplay

complaints or reports of

violence. Employees should

never be told or feel that

they have to deal with the

problem by themselves.


Arrange a critical incident intervention if necessaryWorkSafeBCcancoordinatecriticalincidentinterventionstohelppeopledealwithtraumaticeventsatwork.Thishelpmayalsobeavailablethroughyourlocalpolicedepartment.Twobasictypesofinterventionsaredefusingsessionsanddebriefingsessions.

Adefusing sessionisashort(30–45minutes),confidential,non-judgmentalsessioninwhichemployeesaffectedbytheincidentmeetwithatrainedleader(calledadefuser).Defusingsessionsareusuallyheldwithin6to8hoursoftheincident.

Adebriefing sessionisaconfidential,non-judgmentaldiscussionaboutthecontinuingeffectsoftheincident.Itisintendedtoaddressthewell-beingofemployeesandalleviatedistress.Itisusuallyheldwithin1to3daysoftheincident.Atrainedprofessionalshouldleadthesession.

TheCriticalResponseLiaisonatWorkSafeBCcanhelpdeterminewhetheranemployeeneedstraumacounselling.Ifnecessary,offertheemployeetraumacounsellingthroughanestablishedEmployeeAssistanceProgram,adoctor’sreferral,ortheCriticalResponseLiaison.Encourageemployeestotalkabouttheirresponsestoandfeelingsabouttheincident,andletthemknowthatyou

areavailabletolisten.Ifemployeesinternalize,bury,or“walloff ”theirreactionstotheevent,itcanbeextremelyharmfulinthelongrun.

Watch for signs and symptomsAtraumaticincidentsuchasarmedrobberycanbeemotionallyandpsychologicallydamaging.Employeeswhohavegonethroughatraumaticincidentmay:

· Feelanxious,moody,orirritable

· Feelnumbordazed

· Havetroubleconcentratingormakingdecisions

· Beafraidtogonearthesceneoftheincident

· Notwanttobealone

· Notwanttobewithotherpeople

· Haveflashbacks,nightmares,ordisturbingmemoriesoftheincident

· Vomitmorethanacoupleofhoursaftertheincident

· Experienceuncontrolled,spontaneouscrying

· Experiencechangesinappetiteandsleepingpatterns

Employersshouldbesensitivetothesewarningsignsandsymptoms.Violentincidentscanseriouslyaffectthewell-beingofemployees,andmayputpeopleatagreaterriskofworkplaceaccidents.Youmaynoticeanincreaseinabsenteeism.Timely,positivefollow-upshowsemployeesthattheyaresupportedintheworkplaceandthatstepsarebeingtakentoprotectthem.Ifanemployeeshowssignsorsymptomsafterbeinginvolvedinaviolentincident,orthesignsorsymptomsgetworse,furtherprofessionalhelpmaybenecessary.

Calling for a critical incident intervention

If you have any

questions about critical

incident response

or wish to arrange

an intervention, call

1 888 922-3700,

9:00 a.m.–11:00 p.m.,

seven days a week.


Report and investigate the incident Reportincidentssuchasassaultsorrobberiestothepolicerightaway.YoushouldalsoreportsuchincidentstoWorkSafeBCiftheyinvolveemployeesandtreatmentisneeded.YoualsoneedtocompleteForm52E40—IncidentInvestigationReport(seeAppendixG)tohelppreventtheincidentfromhappeningagain.

Goals of investigation

Incidentinvestigationshelpdeterminethecausesofanincidentsoyoucantakestepstoensurethatitdoesnothappenagain.Asmuchaspossible,aninvestigationmust:

· Determinethecausesoftheincident

· Identifyanyconditions,acts,orproceduresthatcontributedtotheincident

· Findwaystopreventsimilarincidents

Theincidentinvestigationshouldanswerthefollowingquestions:

· Whowasinvolved?

· Whereandwhendidtheincidenthappen?

· Whathappened?Includeasmuchdetailaspossible.

· Whydidtheincidenthappen?

· Howwilltheincidentbedealtwith?

Interviewwitnessesandpeopleinvolvedintheincidenteveniftheyweren’tpresentwhenithappened.Forexample,itmaybeappropriatetointerviewasupervisorwhogaveinstructionsatthestartofashiftoratrainerwhopreviouslyinstructedtheemployeesinvolved.

Incident investigation documents

Keepcopiesofalldocumentsandreportsrelatedtotheincident.Youcanusethisinformationtohelpimproveyourviolencepreventionstrategy.Itwillalsobeusefulifyouandyouremployeesneedtofileaclaim.Itisagoodideaforalltheemployeesinvolvedintheincidenttodocumentitfromtheirperspectives.UsetheViolentIncidentReportinAppendixDtocollectinformationfromemployees.

Followtheseguidelinestohelppreventsimilartypesofincidentsfromrecurring:

· Informemployeeswhowerenotinvolvedintheincidentandwelcometheirsuggestionsforpreventingarecurrence.

· Determineifthereisanythingyoucandotoprotectyouremployeesandbusinessfromthiskindofincident.Forexample,canyouimprovelighting,security,orthelayoutofthestore?

· Updateyourplanforpreventinganddealingwithworkplaceviolence,andimplementanynecessarychanges.Forexample,ifemployeesneedspecialtrainingtodealwithpotentiallythreateningsituations,includeitinyourplan.

· Assignsomeonetomakethenecessarychanges,andensurethatthechangesaremade.


Appendix Relates to information in...

Appendix A: Some do’s and don’ts for preventing retail violence

Parts 2– 3

Appendix B: Safety and security feedback report Page 5

Appendix C: Suspect and vehicle identification sheet Pages 13 and 19

Appendix D: Violent incident report Pages 12 and 19

Appendix E: Sample procedure for regular person checks Pages 9 and 10

Appendix F: Safety and security checklist Page 5

Appendix G: WorkSafeBC Form 52E40 — Incident Investigation Report

Page 19

Appendix H: Occupational Health and Safety Regulation excerpt — Working Alone or in Isolation

Part 2

Appendix I: Occupational Health and Safety Regulation excerpt — Violence in the Workplace

Pages 9–10

Appendix J: Requirements under the Employment Standards Act

—

AppendicesThispartincludestheappendiceslistedinthefollowingtable.Thetablealsoliststhepartsorpagesinthisbookletthatrelatetothetopicscoveredintheseappendices.


Appendix A: Some do’s and don’ts for preventing retail violenceDo

· Bepoliteandfriendlytoallcustomers.

· Makeeyecontactandgreetcustomersastheyenterthestore.

· Lookforsignsthatcustomersareupsetorundertheinfluenceofalcoholordrugs.

· Learntorecognizecustomerswhoarelikelytocausetrouble.

· Staycalm.Listentocustomersandrespondcalmly.

· Trytosteercustomerangerawayfromyou.Forexample,ifacustomerisangrybecauseyouwon’tsellhimorhercigarettes,explainthatyouarejustfollowingthelaw.

· Encouragecustomerswhoareangryorupsettotalktothemanager.Ifthemanagerisnotavailable,givethecustomeraphonenumbertocall.

· Makesureimportantsignsstayposted.Forexample,thefrontdoormighthavesignsthatsay:“Storehaslimitedcashafterdark”and“Time-locksafe—Clerkcannotopen.”

· Keepemergencynumbersonhand.Stickthemoneachphone.

Don’t

· Tradeinsultswithcustomersorreacttotheiranger.

· Takecustomercomplaintspersonally.

· Talkdowntocustomers.

· Trytophysicallystoporholdsomeone.

· Putupdisplays,signs,orpostersthatblocktheviewofthecashregisterorexitdoorsfrominsideoroutsidethestore.(Robbershatetoperformforanaudience.)

Remember that you can’t control other people. The best thing you can do is control your own feelings, words, and actions.


General information

Have you ever been a victim of violence in this workplace? Yes No

If yes, what was the nature of the incident (for example, verbal threats, hitting, or offensive correspondence)?

Who was the offender (for example, a customer, co-worker, contractor, or a name if known)?

Do you feel safe from violence at work? Yes No

Why?

Is help available if there is a violent incident? Yes No

Likelihood of violence

Do you think violence is more likely on certain days (for example, Saturdays or when there is a community

event)? Yes No

If yes, when and why?

Appendix B: Safety and security feedback report


Likelihood of violence cont.

Do you think violence is more likely at certain times of day (for example, at opening or late at night)? Yes No

If yes, when and why?

Do you think violence is more likely to occur in certain places (for example, the parking lot, sales counter, or back

door)? Yes No

If yes, where and why?

Violence prevention

What do you think could be done to minimize the risk of violence?

Are there any situations on the job in which you feel particularly vulnerable? Yes No

If yes, what are they?

Have you been given previous training in how to deal with workplace violence? Yes No

If yes, what kind of training did you receive?

Please present this completed report to your employer or supervisor.


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Appendix C: Suspect and vehicle identification sheet


Appendix D: Violent incident reportGeneral information

Your name:

Today’s date:

Workplace branch or location:

Witness information (names and contact numbers):

The incident

Date of incident:

Time of incident:

Where did the incident happen (for example, the sales counter, stockroom, or hallway)?

What type of incident was it (for example, verbal abuse, physical threat, pushing, slapping, or robbery)?

Describe what happened. Include factors that led up to the incident.

Did you receive first aid or other medical attention? Yes No

Has this incident been reported to the police or security? Yes No Don’t know

If available: Police file #


The incident cont.

How has this incident affected you (for example, missed work, emotional trauma, or physical injury)?

The offender

Offender’s name (if known):

Offender’s relationship to you (for example, a customer, co-worker, spouse, ex-girlfriend, or ex-boyfriend):

Describe the offender:

Male Female Age: Height: Weight: Complexion:

Any other information (for example, accent, hair colour, skin colour, tattoos, clothing, or footwear):

Has the offender been involved in any previous violent incidents that you know of? Yes No

Describe any other relevant information, including suggestions for preventing a similar incident:

Please present this completed report to your employer or supervisor.

For confidential, free help in dealing with the after-effects of this incident, we encourage you to use the Critical

Incident Response program. WorkSafeBC coordinates this program for work-related traumatic events.

You can call a Critical Response Liaison 9:00 a.m.–11:00 p.m., seven days a week, at 1 888 922-3700, toll-free in B.C.


You will be contacted by:

They will contact you: in person by telephone other method

They will contact you: every 30 minutes every hour every 2 hours at end of shift

You will attempt to call the contact person within five minutes if you were not available at the predetermined

person-check time. If your contact person cannot reach you at one of these predetermined times, he or she will

make another attempt within five minutes. If your contact person still cannot reach you after the second attempt,

he or she will do the following:

1. Call the neighbouring store (if there is one) and have someone check on you.

2. Call the owner or manager of your store, and send someone to your work location if there are no neighbours.

3. If necessary, call 9-1-1 and request help at your location.

Emergency information

In case of an emergency (for example, fire, earthquake, flood, or a bomb threat) call the following person:

Contact name: _____________________________________________________________________

Contact phone number: _______________________________________________________________

Record of checks

Date Time Initials Comments or issues

Appendix E: Sample procedure for regular person checksThis section describes procedures for checking on the well-being of an employee working alone.


Appendix F: Safety and security checklistTo be completed by the person affected by the incident.

Visibility and lighting

Can employees see in and out of the store or do posters, signs, and brushes block their view?

Are employees visible to potential witnesses outside?

Do mirrors help employees see the whole store?

Does lighting ensure that would-be thieves or robbers will be recognizable?

General store impression

Does the worksite look cared for? Is there graffiti or vandalism?

Are fences and other security measures well maintained?

Are employees dressed to suit the general appearance of the store?

Building layout and design

Is it easy to distinguish public areas from private areas such as offices?

Is access to employee-only areas controlled with locks?

Is the cash-handling area separate from the general workplace?

Do counters have an elevated place for cash registers?

Are anti-jump barriers fitted in front of cash-handling devices?

Is alternative access to the building blocked (aside from fire exits)?

Is public access to washrooms controlled?

Are there bushes, or unlit or overgrown areas, where someone could hide?

Are any areas not visible to employees?

Are unoccupied rooms locked?

Signage and emergency information

Are emergency numbers posted in a prominent place or on phones?

Are robbery prevention signs prominently displayed? (For example: “Area monitored by video camera,” “Store has less than $40 after dark,” and “Time-Lock Safe — Clerk Cannot Open.”)

Is there a coloured height chart next to the entrance?

Tools and equipment

Are knives and other sharp objects kept out of sight of customers?

Can anyone grab and use tools or other items as weapons against employees?

Are tools and equipment locked away when not in use?

Security guards and equipment

Are there door alarms to alert employees that someone is entering the store?

Are security guards or buddy systems available at your location?

Is a closed-circuit television or surveillance camera installed?

Is a silent, centrally monitored holdup alarm installed?

Potential risk factors Yes No N/A


Customer service

Do employees acknowledge customers with a friendly greeting, smile, and make eye contact?

If you have multiple cash registers, are those nearest the entry closed first?

Employees working alone

Does someone contact employees regularly to ensure that they are okay?

Is there a plan if the employee does not respond to a contact such as a phone check?

Are back doors ever open or unlocked when an employee is alone?

Do employees take garbage out alone at night? Is the garbage bin in a well-lit place?

Handling money and deposits

Are cash-handling areas positioned away from entries and exits?

Is it standard practice to keep as little cash in the till as possible?

Are large bills put into a drop box, safe, or strongroom that is out of sight?

If you have counter safes, are they fitted with time-delay locks?

Do employees make deposits at night or alone?

When employees make deposits together, do they face in opposite directions to keep an eye on the surroundings?

Does the time and routine for making deposits vary from day to day to make it less predictable?

Do employees transport cash in a bag that has the company logo or otherwise makes it obvious that they are carrying cash?

Files and records

Are confidential files and records kept in a locked room?

Are filing cabinets containing confidential records locked? Opening and closing

Do employees work in pairs at opening and closing, especially when doing the rounds at the end of a shift?

Do your written procedures for opening and closing emphasize personal safety? For example, “Don’t count the cash from the till at the sales counter.”

Travelling to and from work

Do employees have the option of asking for an escort to walk to their cars or the bus stop?

Can employees park nearby and within sight, especially at night?

Is evening or night parking available for employees in nearby spaces normally reserved for customers?

Regular checks

Do you conduct risk assessments for violence annually or whenever there are significant changes in your workplace?

Do you conduct an assessment whenever there is a violent incident?

Potential risk factors Yes No N/A

Note:Securitymustneverconflictwithfireandothersafetyrequirements.Neverimpedetheabilityofemployeesandcustomerstoleavethebuilding.


Appendix G: WorkSafeBC Form 52E40 — Incident Investigation Report


Appendix H: Occupational Health and Safety Regulation excerpt — Working Alone or in Isolation4.21 Procedures for checking well-being of worker

(1)Theemployermustdevelopandimplementawrittenprocedureforcheckingthewell-beingofaworkerassignedtoworkaloneorinisolation.

(2)Theprocedureforcheckingaworker’swell-beingmustincludethetimeintervalbetweenchecksandtheproceduretofollowincasetheworkercannotbecontacted,includingprovisionsforemergencyrescue.

(3)Apersonmustbedesignatedtoestablishcontactwiththeworkeratpredeterminedintervalsandtheresultsmustberecordedbytheperson.

(4)Inadditiontochecksatregularintervals,acheckattheendoftheworkshiftmustbedone.

(5)Theprocedureforcheckingaworker’swell-being,includingtimeintervalsbetweenthechecks,mustbedevelopedinconsultationwiththejointcommitteeortheworkerhealthandsafetyrepresentative,asapplicable.

(6)Timeintervalsforcheckingaworker’swell-beingmustbedevelopedinconsultationwiththeworkerassignedtoworkaloneorinisolation.

Note:Highriskactivitiesrequireshortertimeintervalsbetweenchecks.Thepreferredmethodforcheckingisvisualortwo-wayvoicecontact,butwheresuchasystemisnotpracticable,aone-waysystemwhichallowstheworkertocallorsignalforhelpandwhichwillsendacallforhelpiftheworkerdoesnotresetthedeviceafterapredeterminedintervalisacceptable.

Late night retail premises

The Regulation includes specific requirements for retail premises that operate

during late night hours. See section 4.22.1 and its associated guidelines for the

most current requirements.

Late night retail premises means a retail location that is open to the public for

late night hours, including the following:

• A gas station or other retail fueling outlet

• A convenience store or any other retail store where goods are sold directly to

consumers


Appendix I: Occupational Health and Safety Regulation excerpt — Violence in the Workplace4.27 Definition

Insections4.28to4.31

“violence”meanstheattemptedoractualexercisebyaperson,otherthanaworker,ofanyphysicalforcesoastocauseinjurytoaworker,andincludesanythreateningstatementorbehaviourwhichgivesaworkerreasonablecausetobelievethatheorsheisatriskofinjury.

4.28 Risk assessment

(1)Ariskassessmentmustbeperformedinanyworkplaceinwhichariskofinjurytoworkersfromviolencearisingoutoftheiremploymentmaybepresent.

(2)Theriskassessmentmustincludetheconsiderationof

(a)previousexperienceinthatworkplace,

(b)occupationalexperienceinsimilarworkplaces,and

(c)thelocationandcircumstancesinwhichworkwilltakeplace.

4.29 Procedures and policies

Ifariskofinjurytoworkersfromviolenceisidentifiedbyanassessmentperformedundersection4.28theemployermust

(a)establishprocedures,policiesandworkenvironmentarrangementstoeliminatetherisktoworkersfromviolence,and

(b)ifeliminationoftherisktoworkersisnotpossible,establishprocedures,policiesandworkenvironmentarrangementstominimizetherisktoworkers.

4.30 Instruction of workers

(1)Anemployermustinformworkerswhomaybeexposedtotheriskofviolenceofthenatureandextentoftherisk.

(2)Thedutytoinformworkersinsubsection(1)includesadutytoprovideinformationrelatedtotheriskofviolencefrompersonswhohaveahistoryofviolentbehaviourandwhomworkersarelikelytoencounterinthecourseoftheirwork.

(3)Theemployermustinstructworkerswhomaybeexposedtotheriskofviolencein

(a)themeansforrecognitionofthepotentialforviolence,

(b)theprocedures,policiesandworkenvironmentarrangementswhichhavebeendevelopedtominimizeoreffectivelycontroltherisktoworkersfromviolence,

(c)theappropriateresponsetoincidentsofviolence,includinghowtoobtainassistance,and

(d)proceduresforreporting,investigatinganddocumentingincidentsofviolence.


4.31 Advice to consult physician

(1)Repealed.[B.C.Reg.312/2003,effectiveOctober29,2003.]

(2)Repealed.[B.C.Reg.312/2003,effectiveOctober29,2003.]

(3)Theemployermustensurethataworkerreportinganinjuryoradversesymptomasaresultofanincidentofviolenceisadvisedtoconsultaphysicianoftheworker’schoicefortreatmentorreferral.

Note:Therequirementsforriskassessment,proceduresandpolicies,thedutytorespondtoincidentsandtoinstructworkersarebasedontherecognitionofviolenceintheworkplaceasanoccupationalhazard.ThishazardistobeaddressedbytheoccupationalhealthandsafetyprogramfollowingthesameproceduresrequiredbythisOccupationalHealth&SafetyRegulationtoaddressotherworkplacehazards.


Appendix J: Requirements under the Employment Standards ActThefollowinginformationisexcerptedfromthefactsheetDeductions from Wages, publishedbytheMinistryofLabour,EmploymentStandardsBranch(www.labour.gov.bc.ca/esb/facshts/deductions.htm).

Deductions from WagesDeductions

Anemployermaynot,directlyorindirectly,withhold,deductorrequirepaymentofallorpartofanemployee’swagesforanypurposeexceptaspermittedorrequiredbytheEmployment Standards Act,orbyanotheractofeitherBritishColumbiaorCanada.

Unauthorized deductions

Employerscannotrequirethatanemployeepayforanyportionofanemployer’sbusinesscost.

Thisincludesexpensesarisingfromtheft,damage,breakage,poorqualityofwork,damagetoemployerproperty,orfailuretopaybyacustomer.Someinstanceswheretheseissuesariseinclude“gas-and-dash”,“dine-and-dash”,shoplifting,oraccidentsinvolvingemployervehiclesorequipment.

Anyagreementbyanemployeetocontributetowardanemployer’scostofdoingbusinessisacontraventionoftheActandisnotenforceable.

For more information

Tel: 612-4100inPrinceGeorge

1800663-3316,toll-freeinBritishColumbia

Fax: 250612-4121

Web:labour.gov.bc.ca


Other health and safety resourcesVisitWorkSafeBC.comforsearchableversionsoftheOccupationalHealthandSafetyRegulation(includingkeyexcerptsfromtheWorkers Compensation Act)andassociatedguidelines.Thewebsitealsoincludesthefollowingpublications:

· Take Care: How to Develop and Implement a Workplace Violence Prevention Program

· Coping with Critical Incident Stress at Work

· Health and Safety Guide for New Retail Workers

· Small Business Primer: A Guide to WorkSafeBC

· Preventing Violence in Health Care: Five Steps to an Effective Program

· Working Alone: A Handbook for Small Business

· Back to Work, Back to Health: Return to Work for the Retail Industry

Contact informationWorkSafeBC

Web:WorkSafeBC.com

Prevention Information Line

Phone: 604276-3100intheLowerMainland

Toll-free:1888621-7233(621-SAFE)

After Hours Health and Safety Emergency Line

Phone: 604273-7711intheLowerMainland

Toll-free:1866922-4357(WCB-HELP)

Retail Council of Canada

Web:retailcouncil.org

209–1730West2ndAvenue

Vancouver,BCV6J1H6

Phone: 604683-7706ortoll-free1888246-7705

1255BayStreet,Suite800

Toronto,ONM5R2A9

Phone: 416922-6678ortoll-free1888373-8245

Fax: 416922-8011ortoll-free1877790-4271

Abbotsford2774 Trethewey Street V2T 3R1Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 800 292-2219Fax: 604 556-2077

Burnaby450 – 6450 Roberts Street V5G 4E1Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 888 621-7233Fax: 604 232-5950

Coquitlam104 – 3020 Lincoln Avenue V3B 6B4Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 888 967-5377Fax: 604 232-1946

Courtenay801 30th Street V9N 8G6Phone: 250 334-8765Toll-free: 1 800 663-7921Fax: 250 334-8757

Kamloops321 Battle Street V2C 6P1Phone: 250 371-6003Toll-free: 1 800 663-3935Fax: 250 371-6031

Kelowna110 – 2045 Enterprise Way V1Y 9T5Phone: 250 717-4313Toll-free: 1 888 922-4466Fax: 250 717-4380

Nanaimo4980 Wills Road V9T 6C6Phone: 250 751-8040Toll-free: 1 800 663-7382Fax: 250 751-8046

Nelson524 Kootenay Street V1L 6B4Phone: 250 352-2824Toll-free: 1 800 663-4962Fax: 250 352-1816

WorkSafeBC officesVisit our website at WorkSafeBC.com.

North Vancouver400 – 224 Esplanade Ave. W. V7M 1A4Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 888 875-6999Fax: 604 232-1558

Prince George1066 Vancouver Street V2L 5M4Phone: 250 561-3700Toll-free: 1 800 663-6623Fax: 250 561-3710

Surrey100 – 5500 152 Street V3S 5J9Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 888 621-7233Fax: 604 232-7077

Terrace4450 Lakelse Avenue V8G 1P2Phone: 250 615-6605Toll-free: 1 800 663-3871Fax: 250 615-6633

Victoria4514 Chatterton Way V8X 5H2Phone: 250 881-3418Toll-free: 1 800 663-7593Fax: 250 881-3482

Head Office/Richmond Prevention Information Line: Phone: 604 276-3100Toll-free: 1 888 621-7233 (621-SAFE)

Administration:6951 Westminster HighwayPhone: 604 273-2266

Mailing Address:PO Box 5350 Stn TerminalVancouver, BC V6B 5L5

After Hours Health & Safety Emergency:Phone: 604 273-7711Toll-free: 1 866 922-4357 (WCB-HELP)

R06/06

09/12 PRINTED IN CANADA SB03

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