Download - Positive and normative statements ptn

AS EconomicsPositive and Normative Statements

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Read the material and then answer the questions.

Be prepared to explain your answers!

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=lQ3GKzATNtFU5M&tbnid=4404K2texH11hM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/cvn-21/&ei=ZCkuUui5MsWS0QW83oDwCg&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNHx6hff9RqbcF6riWqxMyVYZgUSsw&ust=1378843351918822

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=BzsCxmQO28W7NM&tbnid=LVZix4_G7sQvkM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://batongablog.wordpress.com/2011/06/28/improving-quality-of-schools-throughout-africa/&ei=mCkuUv3aNsjV0QXk1oDQDg&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNGtKJaxsXNtJhLjtdbvlhwZsTUVVQ&ust=1378843394826985

Today• Review opportunity cost• Understand the difference

between a positive and normative statement

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=BnyafJJRIyQsdM&tbnid=TWIm23Pal5yO_M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Green_tick.png&ei=nb0tUsmGJo2V7Ab_w4HQBw&psig=AFQjCNEVBzBGiXdk5OiEAvLRjbjR0aETLA&ust=1378815773682987

What is the difference?

• 'lf the state pension is cut in half, 100,000 pensioners will die of hypothermia in a cold winter.‘

• 'The state pension should be cut in half because pensioners are parasites on society.'

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=FWhZSG_HVU53qM&tbnid=gGRjbim1C8LAfM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/pensions/9389549/Over-75s-hit-by-falling-incomes-Aviva-says.html&ei=WCouUsnfLK6r0AXgv4D4BA&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNH0C1KLHLFGouJCYU-4gf3FJI_2tw&ust=1378843599940539

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dFrO8Mb9RR44SM&tbnid=8rqO0X2bWTpZyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/finance/ianmcowie/100022319/how-to-double-your-company-pension-by-cutting-costs/&ei=ryouUrTFCYm20wXeu4DADw&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNGUVPdMceN57sZFpGJMs-KP_XK6VQ&ust=1378843683459885

Positive Statements

• A positive statement is a statement that can be tested against evidence to see whether it is true or false. 'The moon is made of green cheese' is a positive statement even though we know it is completely false.

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rCLRiMKN-KZGgM&tbnid=Tq0SCm_UrbKfwM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.treasurenet.com/forums/my-best-finds/153338-frn-box-series-1934-a.html&ei=PCwuUvr2JIWc0QW5yIGwCw&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNHadf8Vwau7mDk5OQUxNoAXO8PthA&ust=1378844082053120

Normative Statements

• A normative statement is a value judgement or personal opinion with which others may disagree. A normative statement cannot be tested to see if it is true or false.

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=VzK0e4n1d3ccyM&tbnid=LZNCwNPRaDvVuM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://glamstopmagazine.wordpress.com/opinion/&ei=pCwuUrS-MabJ0QX7_YHoDw&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNEhKhpZcC99JA1MxvexoSh_m5WqUA&ust=1378844183696996

Why do you need to know this?

• Whenever you are reading articles on current affairs it is important to be able to distinguish between objective and subjective statements.

• Often, the person writing an article has a particular

argument to make and will include subjective statements about what ought to be or what should be happening.

• Their articles carry value judgements; they are trying to persuade you of the particular merits or demerits of a policy decision. These articles may be wholly or partially lacking in objectivity.

Have a go at these!1. Cut-price alcohol has increased the demand for

alcohol among teenagers2. The government is right to introduce a ban on

smoking in public places.3. The retirement age should be raised to 70 to combat

the effects of our ageing population.4. Chellaston Academy should take less students. 5. Pollution is the most serious economic problem6. If the government raises the tax on beer, this will lead

to a fall in profits of the brewers7. Children who live in Melbourne should go to school

at Sinfin.

Immigration: what do you think?

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jYJY2jeAAJ7jRM&tbnid=hat0QkWYh6oy2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://fullfact.org/blog/immigration_figures_headlines_net_migration-2942&ei=f-UuUq_uMOKl0wWNz4CIDQ&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNHPL70CnjcpA-40NCLKTSPApRJ_Uw&ust=1378891508389632

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jYJY2jeAAJ7jRM&tbnid=hat0QkWYh6oy2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://makewealthhistory.org/2012/01/12/immigration-choose-your-headline/&ei=pOUuUrbnBomd0AXZ44H4Aw&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNHPL70CnjcpA-40NCLKTSPApRJ_Uw&ust=1378891508389632

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ovlpVnZwYrXeaM&tbnid=YBz48wAYTCTV0M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10176439/Immigration-backlog-tops-500000-and-will-take-37-years-to-clear-warn-MPs.html&ei=CeYuUvvOJKbL0AW704HADw&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNHPL70CnjcpA-40NCLKTSPApRJ_Uw&ust=1378891508389632

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=aMHrHO0lK1JEqM&tbnid=iqD0Cm1Qq7u5QM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ukvisaandimmigration.co.uk/news/uk-immigration-numbers-remain-at-record-high-levels.php&ei=S-YuUpz_DYnS0QXspYGACg&bvm=bv.51773540,d.ZG4&psig=AFQjCNFvHrciPhNVaTge4C-M56cr6oIP4A&ust=1378891714903965

Over to you!

• Write down 2 normative statements about immigration

• Thinks about ‘ought to’ and ‘should’

• Now read the article and identify positive statements

Today• Review opportunity cost• Understand the difference

between a positive and normative statement



Download - Positive and normative statements ptn

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