Transcript

S154 Posters

Conclusions: Maternal MR per se resulted in an increased body

fat and in plasma triglycerides, free fatty acids and total

cholesterol concentrations in the offspring. These changes had

discernible effect on mt DNA damage in skeletal muscles per se

predispose the offspring to insulin resistance and hypertension in

later life.

P2-89 A ubiquinone rich maternal diet (PUFA) leads to raised

content of this beneficial lipid in adult offspring heart

P. Shelley1,2 *, S.J. Heales2, J.B. Clark2, R.I. Jensen1, L. Poston1,

P.D. Taylor1, J.M. McConnell1. 1Division of Reproduction and

Endocrinology, KCL London, UK, 2Division of Neurochemistry,

Institute of Neurology, UCL London, UK

E-mail: [email protected]

Aims: Ubiquinone (CoQ) is essential for mitochondrial function

and antioxidant defences, and is present in polyunsaturated fats

(Huertas J.R., et al. 1991). We have previously demonstrated that

a maternal diet rich in polyunsaturated fats protects offspring from

hypertension (Jensen R., et al. 2005). The aim of this study was to

determine CoQ content in maternal diet and cardiac tissue from

adult offspring.

Study design and Subjects: During pregnancy and lactation rat

dams were maintained on a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA),

saturated fatty acid (SFA) or control (C) diet. The offspring were

weaned onto a C diet and cardiac was collected in male offspring

at 12 month’ of age.

Outcome measures: CoQ concentration was analysed in maternal

diet and offspring heart tissue by reverse phase HPLC. Statistical

analysis was performed by ANOVA and all results are presented as

the mean±SEM.

Results: The CoQ content of the maternal diets was elevated

in the PUFA diet (PUFA 242,448 pmol/mg, SFA 36,734 pmol/mg,

C 7,919 pmol/mg). Left ventricular CoQ content was significantly

elevated in offspring whose mothers were fed PUFA diet

(PUFA 1647±163 pmol/mg, n = 7; SFA 1260±169 pmol/mg, n = 5;

C 1212±79, n = 7. PUFA vs C p = 0.03, PUFA vs SFA p = 0.07).

Conclusions: Consumption of high levels of CoQ during pregnancy

leads to a persistent increase in content of this beneficial lipid in

offspring hearts. Our observations cannot be simply explained by

residual dietary CoQ whose half-life is only 59 hrs in cardiac tissue

(Turunen M., et al. 2000). Supplementation of maternal diet with

CoQ may be of therapeutic value.

This project is supported by the BHF.

P2-90 Processes involved in developing palatable

micronutrient-rich snacks for a pre-conceptional and

intra-pregnancy micronutrient intervention trial; the

Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Project

S. Devi1 *, G. Subbulaxmi1, B. Margetts2, C.H.D. Fall2,

R.D. Potdar1, P. Chheda1, N. Brown2, S.A. Sahariah1, S. Kehoe2.1Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Study, Centre for the Study of

Social Change, Bandra East, Mumbai 400051, India, 2University of

Southampton, Southampton, UK

E-mail: [email protected]

Aims: To develop food-based supplements, in the form of snacks,

for a randomized controlled trial of micronutrient supplementation

of women, from 3 months pre-conception to birth, to improve

fetal growth and infant mortality. Ingredients were, green leafy

vegetables (GLVs), milk and fruit, based on an earlier observational

study in which mothers regularly consuming these foods delivered

babies with higher birth weights.

Study design: Development of a variety of palatable recipes,

achieving target micronutrient levels (beta-carotene, folate,

riboflavin, vitamin C, iron, calcium), suitable for fresh same-

day distribution, and recording of intake. Development of

size appearance taste-matched control supplements, of similar

energy and protein content.

Materials: Food powders dried at ambient temperature, with a

binding vehicle, and (for some recipes) an outer covering. Standard

cooking methods.

Outcome measures:Palatable, recordable and comparable food

snacks.

Results: 25 recipes were adopted for the trial. Target micronutrient

levels were achieved, except for vitamin C (mean beta-

carotene 276 RE, folate 102 mcg/100g, riboflavin 0.48 mg/100g,

iron 10.9 mg/100g, calcium 464 mg/100g). Energy and protein

content were higher (mean 190 kcal and 7 g) in test than control

recipes (mean 100 kcal, 1.8 g). Compliance was achieved in 60% of

women.

Conclusions: We considered: (1) palatability and variety (assessed

by taste panels, feedback from women, and compliance);

(2) correct allocation (packaging); (3) minimal disruption to

habitual diet (assessed by dietary questionnaires); (4) standard

micro- and macronutrient content (assessed by laboratory analysis

& NIN values respectively); (5) microbiological safety. It is

possible to develop palatable micronutrient-rich supplements

using dehydrated foods, and suitable control recipes. Exact

taste appearance and macronutrient content matching with

controls was difficult to achieve.

P2-91 Umbilical cord serum ferritin as a predictor of

neurodevelopment at age five years

A.H. Streubel *, M.A. Klebanoff. Division of Epidemiology, Statistics

and Prevention Research, The National Institute of Child Health

and Human Development, The National Institutes of Health,

Bethesda, MD, USA

E-mail: [email protected]

Aims: To study fetal iron stores, as measured by umbilical cord

serum ferritin level (UCSFL), in relation to psychomotor functioning

later in childhood.

Study design: Secondary data analysis of a prospective population-

based multicenter study.

Subjects: Pregnant women at three Scandinavian centers were

enrolled. 1361 children born full term, without congenital

anomalies, and with 5 year follow-up were analyzed.

Outcome measures: Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID)

at age 13 months, and the Weschler preschool and primary scale

of intelligence (WPPSI) and Peabody Developmental Motor Scale

(PDMS) at age 5 years.

Results: UCSFL, maternal age, maternal education, newborn

gender, breastfeeding duration, home screening questionnaire

(HSQ) score, parity, birth size, gestational age, hemoglobin, and

smoking were all evaluated as predictors of neurodevelopment.

UCSFL ranged from 6 510mg/l, (mean 147.7±85.2mg/l). UCSFL was

a significant predictor of WPPSI and PDMS scores, but not the BSID

scores. In linear regression analysis predicting WPPSI score, the

strongest predictors were maternal education, HSQ score, female

gender, and UCSFL (b = 0.02, p = 0.04). For the PDMS-gross motor,

only UCSFL (b = 0.01, p = 0.02) and female gender were significant.

For the PDMS-fine motor, maternal age, education and UCSFL

(b = 0.006, p = 0.03) were significant.

Conclusions: No association was noted between UCSFL and the

BSID scores at 13 months. However, significant positive associations

were noted with UCSFL and WPPSI and PDMS gross and fine motor

scores at 5 years. The role of iron as a fetal micronutrient has

a positive impact on childhood neurodevelopment irrespective of

home environment and maternal qualities.

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