Oxford Centre for Staff andLearning Development

NVIVO 8 :Part 2NVIVO 8 :Part 2Querying - linking - modelling -

charting - reporting

NVIVO 8 :Part 2NVIVO 8 :Part 2Querying - linking - modelling -

charting - reporting

Oxford Brookes - March 2010

Patsy Clarke, patsy@qualitania.com

NVIVO trainer-Educational developer-Researcher

&Alex Friend, asfriend@brookes.ac.uk, CSD

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Course scheduleCourse schedule

Module 3: Analysis activities

•Externals (linking cont.)

•See also links

•Searching

TEA BREAK

Module 4: Data reporting activities

•Models

•Charts

•Exporting and reporting

Wrap up & end78

Aims and objectivesAims and objectivesAim: To enable participants to use thefurther features of NVIVO 8 includingFinds & Queries, Sets, Modelsand Charts

Objective – data analysis: To perform a range ofqueries including word and text searches, coding,compound and matrix searches; to create Sets ofproject items and Relationships between projectitems

Objective – data reporting: To represent graphicallyresearch assumptions, hunches and findings usingNVIVO Models and Charts; to export project itemsfor use in research write-ups.

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How NVIVO 8 can helpHow NVIVO 8 can helpDay 2 of the course:Links between ideas/itemsSearch and scope filtering with sets and attributes to

ask questions and develop and test ideas & theoriesModel and chart to display ideas and theoriesReports extraction for inclusion in written work

Next course:Working with multimedia data e.g. graphics, audio-and video-data

YOU with your research questions select anddrive/control the software to help you manage,collect, engage with and get evidence for yourresearch claims/ results/ recommendations.

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Link typesLink types

Annotations: For footnotes or ‘margin scribbles’ on selectedcontent in a source/ node (blue shading)

Memos: Comments/reflections on an entiredocument/node

External links: links to material external to the NVIVO project

See also links for connections between project items (pinkshading)Module 3

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Notes to read before startingNotes to read before starting

1. In completing Module 2 and with Module 3 and 4we will work with the NVIVO Volunteering tutorialproject which compares perceptions andmotivations about volunteering work in a sampleof Australian and US adults.

2. Open the NVIVO 8 program

3. N.B. It takes a while so be patient even if nothingseems to be happening.

4. The Volunteering project should be available inthe list of project on the Welcome screen

5. Select the project to open

6. Page references refer to the booklet:‘Teach yourself NVIVO8 - the introductorytutorials’ by Lyn Richards (Abbrev. TYNV8).

Module 382

Activity 9 Linking to external fileActivity 9 Linking to external file

1. Create an Externali.e. a document/source within the NVIVO projectthat links to a file or webpage external to NVIVOe.g. a PowerPoint presentation

2. Sources > External > List view > right-click > Newexternal >General tab > Name it ‘Photopresentation’

3. External tab > Type > File link > File path > Browsefor file ‘Images of Volunteers_Discussion Photos’ >Open > click OK

4. Blank External opens for your notes (or List view >right-click on name > Open External)

5. To open presentation file : In List view > right-clickon name > Open External File

Module 383

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Activity 10aActivity 10a See alsoSee also linkslinksLinking to an entire source or node

To link selected content to an entire source or node:Select the content you want to link from e.g. apiece of text in the interview transcript of Grace.Right click> Links > See Also Link >New See Also LinkThe New See Also Link dialog box is displayed.To link to an /existing itemWith the Option as Existing ItemClick the Select button.The Select Project Item dialog box is displayed.Seek & select the required item, e.g. the interviewtranscript of Nick.Click OK.

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Activity 10bActivity 10b See alsoSee also links (cont.)links (cont.)

To link two ‘chunks’ of selected content e.g.text in Grace interview to text in NickinterviewOpen the source or node you want to link from—its content isdisplayed in Detail View.If you are linking to content in another project item, open thesource or node that you want to link to, so that both items areopen in Detail View.Select the content chunk that you want to link to (thedestination of your link).On the Edit menu, click CopySelect the content chunk that you want to link from.On the Edit menu, click Paste As See Also Link.The See Also link is created.(Can add the reverse process for a two way link)

(To see the details of the shaded links, with your cursorin Detail view, from View menu select ‘See AlsoLinks’)

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SearchesSearches

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Module 4: Finds and QueriesModule 4: Finds and Queries

Look for (Find) - simple and advancedfor project items

Queries - simple and advanced foractual content

• Word frequency

• Text search

• Coding search

• Matrix search

Module 387

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Activity 1 Find project itemsActivity 1 Find project items1. Find all project items that refer to Mary (p89) and create a Set for

them (p38)

2. Locate the search /’Look for’ toolbar

3. In the ‘Look for’ field enter Mary select All folders

4. Click Find now

5. Select/highlight all the found items > right click > choose Create/As set

6. Name the set Mary

7. Check that it appears in the Sets from the left menu bar

Module 388

Activity 2 Advanced findActivity 2 Advanced find1. Search for all women of 20 – 29 with tertiary education (p91)2. On the search toolbar > click Options > Advanced Find3. Set ‘Look for’ to Cases >Click on the Advanced tab4. Using drop down boxes >choose Age group=20-29 > Add to list5. Repeat for Education=Tertiary > Add to list6. Repeat for Gender=Female >Add to list7. Click Find Now8. Case nodes of Anna, Annie, Grace and Stephanie appear in the List View9. Highlight them >right click >choose Create /As Set10. Name the set Female20-29Tertiary

Module 3

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Query featuresQuery features

Add to project saves the query so that you can re-run it later. (Have to name it to save it)Some queries have Query Options where you canselect to Preview (an unsaved listing of where thecontent was found) OR Create as New Node (orNew Set) etc. (Have to name it to save it)Each query requires Criteria specific to the type ofqueryRun carries out the searchOK does NOT run the search but only saves thoseyou chose to Add to ProjectResults in the Results folder are not editable – moveany you need to work with from there to e.g. FreeNodes.

Module 390

Activity 3 QueriesActivity 3 Queries

1. To check what words arose in the interviews andfocus groups run a Word frequency query

2. In Queries List view > right click >New Query >Word Frequency

3. Change Of >All sources to Selected Items thenchoose Internals > Focus groups > Interviews

4. For the words choose a minimum length

5. Click on Run (not OK)

6. In the results check the variations related to thenotion of ‘motivation’

7. View the results as a ‘Tag Cloud’

Module 391

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QueriesQueries -- Word frequencyWord frequency

Extracted from results

Module 3 92

Activity 4 Text search queryActivity 4 Text search query1. Find where and in which context the words commit[ment] or

passion[ate] are mentioned in the interviews and focus groups(p 92)

2. In navigation view >Queries > right click in List view > New query > Textsearch

3. Tick the box Add to project (this will save if you want to rerun later)4. Under the tab General> Name >type TS motivation or reason5. Under the tab Text Search Criteria >type motivation OR reason6. Tick the Stemmed option (this includes e.g. motivated/ motivates

etc.#)7. Under the tab Query Options> Option >Select Create results as New

Node8. Section Location > Select >choose Free Node> Click OK9. Section Name> type TS motivation or reason10. Section Spread coding >Spread to > Specify >Broad context11. Click on Run > Results appear in the detailed view12. Check that the new Free node ‘TS motivation or reason’ has been

created13. To change or rerun the most recent query, from the menu Tools >

Query> Last run query . (There is also the option to Store Query Results ifyou did not include a save option in the Query already).

# Optional method is to use wild cards e.g. commit* or passion*

Module 393

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Activity 4 (continued)Activity 4 (continued)Step 1. Store and name the

query

Step 2. What to search for

Step 3. What to do with the results

Step 4. Run the query

Module 394

Activity 5 Coding query (p98)Activity 5 Coding query (p98)1. To explore ‘Is social interaction an important issue for women in the

study?’2. Queries > right click in List view > New query > Coding3. Tick Add to project >tab General >section Name > name it:

Coding_social interaction & women4. Under tab Coding Criteria > Advanced tab5. Use the drop down menus, choose Coded at > click Select > Any

case where > select > Gender > Equals Value > Female> OK6. Click Add to List7. Repeat steps 4 – 5 but choose Coded at > Any selected node >

Select button8. In the next window highlight (NOT tick) Tree Nodes >open Personal

goals by clicking on the + sign > tick the node Social Interaction >Click OK

9. Click Add to List.10. Click on Run – (NOT on OK)11. Results appear in Detail view12. To save results as a new node: > with cursor n Detail view >right

click > Store Query Results > Section Location > Select >highlightFree Nodes > OK >name it Coding_Social interaction & women >OK

Module 395

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Activity 5 (continued)Activity 5 (continued)

Module 3 96

What is a matrix coding searchWhat is a matrix coding search

First we will look at the results of amatrix coding search – inNodes>Matrices

Then we will look at the matrix codingsearch query that led to those results inQueries>queries

Then we will create and run a newmatrix coding search

Module 397

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Activity 6 Matrix searchActivity 6 Matrix search

1. We are going to look if there ispatterning by Age group in termsof issues of Time (similar toexample from page 104 onwards)

2. Construct a matrix coding querywith all Age groups in the Rowsand Time issues in the Columns asfollows:

3. Select Queries from navigationview menu >New Query> MatrixCoding…

4. Select Add to Project and namethe query ’Time issues by age’

5. Select Matrix coding Criteria tab

6. Select Rows tab

(continued……)

Module 398

Matrix coding search (continued..)Matrix coding search (continued..)

7. To define the rows clickthe Select button

8. From the next displayedpop-up highlightAttributes> expand AgeGroup > tick the selectedage groups > click the OKbutton

9. N.B. Click the Add to Listbutton for the age groupsto be included in thematrix rows

(continued……)

Module 3 99

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Matrix coding search (continued..)Matrix coding search (continued..)

10. For columns, select theColumns tab

11. Select as you did for therows but highlight TreeNodes > expand Time >select each of the timeissues >click the OK button

12. N.B. Click the Add to Listbutton for the issues to beincluded in the Matrixcolumns.

(continued……)

Module 3100

Matrix coding search (continued..)Matrix coding search (continued..)

13. From the Matrix tab > leavethe default AND

14. Select the Run button

Module 3101

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Activity 6 (cont.) Matrix resultActivity 6 (cont.) Matrix result

15.View results including content in a cell16.Right click to check different Matrix cell content

options,and Matrix Cell Shading

17.You can save in Results or Nodes/Matrices18.Can also Right click to Export results of a matrix as an

Excel tableModule 3

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Module 4 Data reportingModule 4 Data reporting

1. Create Models

• Dynamic (working) models

• Static models (at each stage for audittrail)

2. Charts

3. Export items from your NVIVO project

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ModelsModels

Models are useful for your first thoughts and can bedeveloped as your ideas, hunches and findings develop –view the models in the tutorial project.Below is the model using the project relationship item‘Lack of time decreases motivation’ with the sources itcoded

Module 4104

Activity 1 Create models (p47)Activity 1 Create models (p47)We will now model the relationship about lack of timedecreases motivation

1. Navigation view > Models2. In List view > right click > select New Model > name it

Time and motivation3. Click OK. This opens the Model frame in Detail view4. Save the project at this point5. To make more space, with your cursor click in the

Detail view > click on View menu at top of screen >untick Model Groups to close the right hand panel.From the Windows menu > Undock all to have themodel full screen.

6. From the Detail view > Add Project Items > select theRelationship > Lack of time (decreases) motivation ordrag and drop it from the Relationships)

7. To include those who referred to this include Sources.

Module 4105

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Activity 1 (continued)Activity 1 (continued)

8. Click in an empty space in the model to deselectthe shapes then move individual shapes asrequired

9. Expand shapes so that all text is readable, adjustcolours and other features from the Format menu.

10. Change the wording on the connectors byselecting the connector (e.g. arrow) and from theShape/connector properties menu change thetext.

11. Add notes.(Appropriate images e.g. photos, can besubstituted for shapes from the Format > Fill menu)

Module 4106

Example of modelExample of model

The model will now look something like the above

Module 4107

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Activity 2 Export modelsActivity 2 Export models

1. To export your model into Word orPowerPoint > right click on yourmodel > Select All

2. Put your cursor on the selectedobjects in your model > right click >Copy

3. Open Word (or PowerPoint) > rightclick > Paste

Module 4108

Activity 2 Export project itemsActivity 2 Export project items

In addition to the copy /paste and printoptions from e.g. documents, nodes andmodels there are a range of exports withvarious options all available for saving andprinting as well as summary reports from :Tools >Reports

Formats to saveinclude:

.doc

.rtf

.pdf

.xls

.htmModule 4

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Extract from a node summary reportExtract from a node summary report

Module 4110

Activity 3 Chart your dataActivity 3 Chart your data1. Chart the node ‘social interaction’ for some of the

women interviewed2. Tools> Chart > Coding for a node > Next3. Node > Select > Free Nodes > Coding_social

interaction and women > Click OK4. X-axis > Most coded sources5. Y-axis > select your preference6. Chart display type > Select (Bar or column) >

Finish7. Charts are ‘live’ – select bars to load that slice of

data8. Right click on chart to > Copy > for pasting to a

report/display (OR) Export Chart as an image forinsertion in a report/display

Module 4111

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Social interaction and womenSocial interaction and women

Module 4112

Chart of Matrix search resultChart of Matrix search result

Module 4113

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SuggestionsSuggestions

Build your evidence and audit trail with:

• Project and coding journal entries fordevelopment of analysis

• Dated memos about key concepts (Ctrl>Shift>T)

• Save static models at stages of the study

Support analysis findings by:

• Save and rerun Queries with different data

• Compare how evolving Sets respond to queries

• Use Matrix tables and charts to quantify claims

Module 4114

What have we learnt?What have we learnt?

In this part of the course you learnt to:1. Run a range of queries e.g. word

frequency, text search, coding andmatrix searches

2. Graphically represent the researchassumptions, hunches and findings withmodels

3. Chart features in the project

4. Export project items for use outsideNVIVO

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Useful tips and hintsUseful tips and hints –– Part 2Part 21. ‘Undock’-ing the windows on screen from

the ‘Windows’ menu makes more room forreading documents and other data types inyour NVIVO project.

2. When you save or copy your NVIVO projectwith a new file-name the internal namedoes not change automatically– alsochange its ‘Title’ via the ‘File/Projectproperties’ menu.

3. From Tools/options you can change thetime between saving; clear the recentproject names from the menu; optimize theproject for a ‘ large’ project size; plus someother useful features.

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Tips and hints (continued)Tips and hints (continued)

4. Nodes include a side bar of tabbed options toview.E.g. the node‘helping others’ which has sources in differentmedia has this tabbed side bar :From here you can select to viewits summary – the full reference –thumbnails of the text – the picture orthe video(This is part of using NVIVO 8 withmultimedia data in addition to text data)

5. All charts and models have live links to theproject items

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Tips & hints (cont.)Tips & hints (cont.)

To print a display of (Tree) nodes(This is if you want only the icons and node names)

First, open (any) node then View > DetailView RightThen:

• Right click on your Tree nodestructure’s first top level Tree node

• Select Expand/Collapse >ExpandAll Tree nodes

• Right click again, select Print> Print list• Print to printer OR .pdf file• (Export will provide an Excel option)

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AppendixAppendix –– NVIVO ‘Relationships’NVIVO ‘Relationships’

1. In navigation view > Classifications >RelationshipTypes

2. List view > right click > New relationship type3. Name it ‘means a lot’ > Click OK4. For Description ‘This relationship shows what

certain topics mean to the respondents’5. Select One Way from the Direction drop down

menu > Click OK6. This new relationship type is now added to the list

Relationships focus on statements e.g. ‘Social relationshipsmean a lot to women’.There are 3 stages: Create Relationship type - Createrelationship – Code data at relationship

Create Relationship Type

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Appendix on Relationships (cont.)Appendix on Relationships (cont.)

1. Nodes > open the Relationships folder >

2. List view > right click > select New Relationship

3. In the From field > click Select > highlight TreeNodes > open Personal goals >highlight Socialinteraction >

4. In the To field > Select > highlight Sets > highlightThese women > Click OK

5. In the Type area, in the Name field >Select >highlight means a lot

6. Click OK> Click OK again

7. The relationship linking has been established

Create Relationship

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Appendix on relationships (cont.)Appendix on relationships (cont.)

1. Go into Nodes > Free nodes >double click thenode Women and social interaction

2. In navigation view > select Relationships > thisopens Relationships in the List view

3. In the Detail view > select all of the text of thenode Women and social interaction (Ctrl-A)

4. Drag and drop the text into the Relationship‘Social Interaction means a lot to women’

5. Double click on the Relationship > its codedcontent now appears in the Detail view

6. (Relationships can be included in Models -including with their sources)

Code data at the Relationship

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