Looking Inside CellsCells
Organelles
• Tiny Cell Structures• Carry out specific functions• Produce energy/transport
materials/store and recycle waste
Cell Wall•Rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cells of plants and some organisms •Tough materials called cellulose•Adds strength•Animals do not have cell walls•Even though it is rigid water and oxygen can pass through•Mime
Cell Membrane•Just inside a cell wall (If there is a cell wall)•Outside boundary that separates the cell from it’s environment•Controls what goes in and out of the cell (By pores - tiny holes)
–Food and oxygen enters–Waste leaves–In and out (truck)
Nucleus•Large oval structure•Brain of the cell•Directs •Cells control center
–Directs all cell activities–Three main parts–President (salute)
Nuclear Membrane•Protects the nucleus•Like a cell membrane•Material passes in and out though pores
–Holes in the nuclear membrane–In and out (car)
Chromatin•Thin floating strands•Genetic material that directs function of the cell•Air traffic control
Nucleolus•Where ribosomes are made•Make food
Learn the Organelles•Inside parts of the cell•Produce energy•Build•Transport
Cytoplasm•Clear jel like fluid•Between the cell membrane and the nucleus•Constantly moving•It looks like….•Wiggle
Mitochondria•Rod-like structures•Power houses•Produce most of the energy for cells to carry out the functions•Look like……•Muscle people
Ribosomes•Grain like bodies outside the Endoplasmic Reticulum•Some found floating in cytoplasm•Factories to produce proteins•Pass proteins from ER to the Golgi bodies•Looks like….•Make something
Endoplasmic Reticulum•ER•Maze of passageways•Carries proteins•And other materials from one part of the cell to another•Located just off the nucleus•Looks like….•Carry something heavy
Golgi bodies•Flattened collection of sacks and tubes•Cells mailroom•Package the proteins given to them by the Ribosomes from the ER and sent them to other parts of the cell•Releases material outside the cell•Looks like….•Mail Carriers
Lysosomes•Small round structure•Contains chemicals that break down large food particles to small ones•Breaks down old cells to be used again•Clean-up crew•Looks like…•Broom
Centrioles•Organize the cells activity•Plays a role in cell division•When you see these the cell is about to divide•Looks like….•Divide Hands
Chloroplasts•Only in plants and some organisms•Green•Captures sunlight and produce food for the cells•Looks like…..•I’m green
Vacuoles
•Round water filled sac•In plants is stored in vacuoles, when firm the cell is plump, without the plant wilts•Storage area of the cell
–Food–Water–Other materials–Wastes
Looks like…..
Look Round as you can
Eukaryote•Has a nucleus•Has cell parts
Bacterial cells•Smaller than plant and animal cell•Has a cell wall and cell membrane•Genetic material in cytoplasm•Have Ribosomes•No nucleus
–Prokaryote
Specialized cells
•Cells in an organism that serve a specific function
–Blood cells–Nerve cells
The EndTada!
