Group Member: 1) Gaurav Bhagat 2) Ram Biswas

3) Gaurav Gorde 4) Piyush Guhe 5) Yogesh Dahake

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering DBACER

GLOBAL WARMING

CONTENTS Introduction.

What is Global Warming?

Green House Effect.

Effects of CO2.

Effects of other Gases.

Impacts.

What we can do to stop Global Warming?

Solutions.

What is Global Warming ?

• Global warming is the gradual increase in global temperatures caused by the emission of gases that trap the sun's heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

• This is causing an increase in the rate of the greenhouse

effect.

• Global warming is a marked and extended change in the Earth’s climate for the warmer

• The sun sends out energy as heat and

light. This energy comes to our earth

during the day time.

• Some of the sun’s rays get ‘trapped’ in the atmosphere.

• Some of them get reflected back into space.

• The ones which get through the atmosphere warm the earth up.

• All the time, the earth radiates heat into space, which cools it down. We only really notice this at night, when there is no heating from the sun.

• Some of the heat going out is trapped by the atmosphere. This is what makes our planet warm enough to live on.

• But if too much heat is trapped, our planet will warm up and the climate will change.

• Why is global warming happening ?

• Due to increase in green house gasses .

• Due to deforestation .

WHAT ARE GREEN HOUSE GASES ?

• The gases which trap heat make up less than 1% of the atmosphere! .They are called the ‘greenhouse gases’.

• The atmosphere is made of 78% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen.But these gases don’t trap heat and cause global warming or climate change.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The main greenhouse gases are:-------------------------------------------------------- Carbon dioxide .- Methane .- Nitrous oxide .- Water vapors .- Hydro-carbons .

• How do humans increase carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?

Burning fossil fuels releases the carbon dioxide stored millions of years ago. Most of the increased carbon dioxide comes from fossil fuels

Deforestation releases the carbon stored in trees. Less trees also means less carbon dioxide can be removed from the atmosphere.

Graph of Carbon dioxide level.

The Carbon Cycle

• How do humans increase methane levels in the atmosphere?

The amount of methane in the atmosphere has increased by two and a half times since the Industrial Revolution.

Increased rubbish in landfill

Increased livestock farming

Increased rice growing

Methane is also released when fossil fuels are extracted

Methane is produced when bacteria rot organic matter

Natural Greenhouse effect

More heat is trapped and causes global warming

Atmosphere traps some heat

Some heat goes out to space

Quite a lot of heat is trapped and the earth is warm enough for life.

Un-NaturalGreenhouse

effectHeat radiates from the earth

Heat radiates from the earth

Atmosphere has more greenhouse gases

Atmosphere traps more heat

Less heat goes out to space

EFFECTS OF OTHER GASES

Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. decomposition of organic wastes in municipal solid waste landfills and the raising of livestock.

Nitrous oxide is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of solid waste and fossil fuels.

Very powerful greenhouse gases that are not naturally occurring include hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs), per fluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which are generated in a variety of industrial processes.

The Greenhouse EffectGreen house gasses directly effect the life:

- Aquatic animals

- Animals on land

- Human Life

- Forest Life

- Polar Life

GLOBAL WARMING: Sea LifeGLOBAL WARMING’S NEGATIVE IMPACT ON SEA LIFE .

Coral Reef Bleaching - Change in temperature and elevated sea level cause loss of algae in

the coral. Coral appears white, or “bleached.” Result is mass death of sea animals, which are dependent on the

coral reef.

The penguin population near Antarctica has been declining as the distance between them and their food has increased.

IMPACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING?

The climate system varies through natural, internal processes and in response to variations in external forcing factors including solar activity, volcanic emissions, variations in the earth's orbit (orbital forcing) and greenhouse gases.

The detailed causes of the recent warming remain an active field of research, but the scientific consensus identifies increased levels of greenhouse gases due to human activity as the main influence. This attribution is clearest for the most recent 50 years, for which the most detailed data are available.

Contrasting with the scientific consensus, other hypotheses have been proposed to explain most of the observed increase in global temperatures. One such hypothesis is that the warming is caused by natural fluctuations in the climate or that warming is mainly a result of variations in solar radiation.

Ice is thinningAntarctica, home to these penguins, is heating up. The annual melt season has

increased up to three weeks in 20 years.

GLACIER, ARGENTINA, WHICH WAS ONCE ONE OF THE GRANDEST GLACIERS TO EVER EXIST, CONTINUES TO SHRINK ON A YEARLY

BASIS

THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON LAND ANIMALS

• Global warming can disrupt the migration, hibernation and reproductive cycles of certain types of animals.

• Plants and animals will find it hard to escape or adjust to the effects of warming because humans occupy so much land.

• Farmland or cities interrupt the movement of species between habitats.

Bushfires are becoming more and more common due to intense heat and long periods without precipitation. Bushfire numbers are especially on the rises in countries like the US and Australia

HEALTH & GLOBAL WARMING

- Extreme temperatures can directly cause the loss of life (ex: 35,000 people died during heat wave in Europe, Aug‘03.)

- Warmer weather provides an ideal breeding environment for mosquitoes. Diseases such as West Nile will be more common.

.

Tropical Diseases– Global Warming increases drought which

lessens the supply of clean drinking water.• Cholera

– It increases temperature providing an ideal breeding environment for mosquitoes.

• Dengue fever• Malaria• Yellow fever.• Skin problem• Eye Diseases .• Asthama .

How To Prevent Global Warming

Plant trees Conserve energy Buy energy efficient products Buy products that have reusable or recyclable

packaging Reduce use of car (walk instead). Use less hot water Be sure you’re recycling at home Reuse your shopping bag Buy fresh foods instead of frozen Seek out and support local farmers markets Buy organic foods as much as possible

What Can be Done: AlternativesRenewable Energy Sources

Solar Energies Wind Power Biomass GeothermalChanges In Vehicle Systems

Hybrid Fuel Cell Battery-Electric

Conclusion• Global warming is affecting plants, animals, humans and the earth. We need to learn how to conserve our use of fossil fuels to minimize carbon dioxide production. This will slow down the effects of global warming.

Spread the word! Tell other people things that they can do to help prevent global warming.

Remember -- Every person makes a difference!

Thank You !