Download - Experiences of Private Artificial Insemination Services in Ethiopia

Experiences of Private Artificial Insemination Services in Ethiopia

04/11/23

Presentation by Desalegn GebreMedhin (EMDTI) to the

Ethiopian Fodder Roundtable on Effective Delivery of Input Services to Livestock

DevelopmentAddis Ababa, 22 June 2010

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INTRODUCTION

Agriculture(mainly crop & livestock production) plays an important role in the economy of Ethiopia employing approximately 85% of the total population and contributes 45percent to the total gross domestic product (GDP) and 88 to 90percent of the foreign currency earnings

The country has huge livestock and probably possesses the highest cattle population in Africa

However, the benefit it gets from this huge resource is quite lowThe livestock sector accounts for about 40 percent of the total agricultural

GDP and 16 percent of the national foreign currency earningsAccording to the Central Statistics Agency (CSA, 2009), the total cattle

population for the rural sedentary areas of Ethiopia is estimated to be 49.3 million, of which 55.48 percent (27,351,313) are females

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Desalegn G/Medhin Ethiopian Round Table meeting, ILRI, Addis Ababa

INTRODUCTION, Cont…

From among the total female cattle population, only 190,326 (0.7 percent) and 33,318 (0.2 percent) heads are hybrid and exotic breeds, respectively(less than one percent of the total cattle population)

From the total cattle population in the country, the total number of dairy cows is 7,022,004(14.3 percent)

The performance of dairy cattle in the country is very low and the average milk production per cow per day does not exceed 1 to 2 liters

Artificial insemination service is the most widely used animal biotechnology all over the world for animal breeding particularly cattle and has been practiced in Ethiopia for about four decades

However, recent studies and research findings indicate that the service has been deteriorating since about the last 15 years and the crossbreeding work done so far was unsuccessful

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STATUS OF PRIVATE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SERVICE IN ETHIOPIA

Private AI service delivery has only few years history in Ethiopia i.e. less than ten years of age

The AI technicians delivering the service privately were formerly government employed technicians and most of them(7 in number) are found in Addis Ababa with only 2 or 3 in other parts of the country

The sources of semen for these technicians are mainly the National Artificial Insemination Center and also private organizations which import semen from abroad

Some of these technicians are almost abandoning the delivery of the service on private basis because of the high costs required

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THE CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS OF PRIVATE AI SERVICE DELIVERY IN ETHIOPIA

Un affordable investment and overhead costs(460686 Birr)

Because of the big differences in service fees between the private and government owned services, most dairy farmers prefer the government- owned service Private 40 Birr per service when semen from NAIC is used or 100 to 120 Birr

when imported semen is used Government 15 Birr per service including two repeat services

Unjust exercise by the private AI service delivery in some instance

There is no mechanism of regulating and monitoring the overall activities of the service delivery at the present

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MAJOR INVESTMENT COSTS

SN Item Unit Unit price(Birr)

1 Motor bike number 52,0002 Liquid nitrogen container(35lt)with accessories number 160003 Liquid nitrogen container(3lt) with accessories number 78504 Inseminating gun with ring number 2405 Thermometer number 426 Thermos flask number 1257 Apron number 308 Plastic boots number 859 Scissors number 2610 Forceps number 2811 Funnel/goblet number 5012 Kit box(Equipment container) number 80013 Towel(small sizes) number 1514 Leather bag(back) number 240

Total 77546

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MAJOR OVERHEAD COSTS(annual)S.No Description Unit Total

requiredUnit price(Birr)

Total price

1 Plastic gloves packet 40 70 2800

2 Sheath packet 40 50 2000

3 Liquid Nitrogen liter 420 12 5040

4 Semen/Imported straw/dose 3600 100 360000

5 AI certificate number 36 50 1800

6 Stationery gross 500

7 Office supplies gross 100

8 Uniform gross 500

9 Fuel, lubricants, motorbike maintenance

gross 5000

10 Office rent month 12 500 6000

11 Total 383140

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRIVATE AI SERVICE DELIVERY IN ETHIOPIA

The growing demands for reliable services and quality semen

In most cases, users of the AI service are willing to pay even higher fees per service provided that they get quality semen and reliable services e.g. 120 Birr per service

The possibilities of getting alternative semen sources

The attention given by the government for the sector at present

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CONCLUSIONS

Private delivery of AI service is necessary to fill the gap in the genetic improvement endeavors through crossbreeding

The private AI service delivery remained limited to specific areas and is not flourishing

Therefore, there is a need to assist the improvement of private involvement

04/11/23Desalegn G/Medhin Ethiopian Round Table meeting, ILRI, Addis Ababa 9

RECCOMENDATIONS

The private AI service delivery needs to be highly encouraged and supported both by government and nongovernment organizations

Establish an effective and efficient monitoring/regulating and evaluation should be exercised by the relevant government organization to avoid indiscriminate crossbreeding, inbreeding, and also to assure provision of fair services to the AI users

Establish a system in which the private AITs could get loan opportunity for the purchase of motorbike and other initial requirements

The use of farmer AI technicians should also be encouraged where applicable

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THANK YOU !!


Download - Experiences of Private Artificial Insemination Services in Ethiopia

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