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All computer devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, CPU, modem, etc., are

connected using a Ethernet cable.

Ethernet cables are determined and distinguished by their quality to

handle the amount of transmission load.

Types of Cables:

A normal Ethernet cable

Ethernet cable categories (CAT 3, CAT 5, CAT 5, CAT 5e, CAT 6, CAT 7)

Ethernet crossover types. A normal Ethernet cable is used to connect a computer with other

computer networking devices such as a switch or a router.

Ethernet cable categories or the CAT series are defined on the basis of the

speed that they can relay. Ethernet crossover cable in Ethernet cable wiring is designed for those

devices which do not intend the use of a switch or a hub.

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EthernetCable

Categories

(Cat)

Cat 3

This category was widely used as a voice cabling format amongcomputer network administrators in the 1990s.

It is an unshielded twisted pair (UTP), that can carry up to 10 Mbit/s

with a bandwidth performance of 16 MHz.

It is part of a family of copper cabling standards defined jointly by

the Electronic Industries Alliance and the Telecommunications

Industry Association.

Cat 3 is currently still in use in twoline telephone systems. It may be

used for 10BASET Ethernet, token ring, or ATM25 networks

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CAT3

CAT4

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Cat 4

Cat 4 was mainly used in token ring networks and the cable consists offour unshielded twistedpair (UTP) wires, with a data rate of 16

Mbit/s, and performance of up to 20 MHz.

Cat 5 This is a twisted pair high signal integrity cable, that has three twists

per inch of each twisted pair of 24 gouge copper wires within the

cables. Cat 5 is used for 10/100Mb Ethernet and as a voice cabling

format.

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Cat 5e

This category is an enhanced version of Cat 5, that preventsinterference between one unshielded twisted pair to another twisted

pair running in parallel within the same cable (Far End Crosstalk

FEXT). It works for 10/100Mb and 1000Mb Ethernet.

Cat 6 It is very similar to Cat 5e and is a cable standard for Gigabyte Ethernet

(considered better than Cat 5e) and

other network protocols that are backward compatible

with the Cat 5/5e and Cat 3 cable standards. Cat 6 is made up of larger

gouge wires, that work for 10/100/1000Mb Ethernet.

Cat 7

This cable type is a standard for Ethernet and other interconnect

technologies, that are backward compatible with traditional Cat 5 and

Cat 6 Ethernet cables. As it has more strict specifications for crosstalk

and system noise than Cat 6 and Cat 5e, its cables and the wires,

within are completely shielded. the cable contains four twisted copper

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The TIA/EIA 568A standard which was ratified in 1995, was replaced by

the TIA/EIA 568B standard in 2002.

These standards are usually referred to as 'A coding standard' and 'B

coding standard'.

Both the ends of the wire are connected to RJ45 connectors.Various tools

are used to connect the RJ45 connectors to the wire, and these tools are

known as crimping tools.

PinT568A WiringStandard

T568B WiringStandard

1 White w/Green Stripe White w/Orange Stripe

2 Green w/White Stripe Orange w/White Stripe

3 White w/Orange Stripe White w/Green Stripe

4 Blue w/White Stripe Blue w/White Stripe

5 White w/Blue Stripe White w/Blue Stripe

6 Orange w/White Stripe Green w/White Stripe

7 White w/Brown Stripe White w/Brown Stripe

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T568AStraightThroughEthernet

Cable

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T568BStraightThroughEthernet

Cable

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RJ45 isaregisteredjackstandardforamodularconnectorusing8

conductors,whichspecifiesthephysicalmaleandfemaleconnectorsas

wellasthepinassignmentsofthewiresinatelephonecable.

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Both the T568A and the T

568B standard use Straight

Through cables for

Ethernet connections.

If you require a cable to connect two Ethernet devices directly together

without a hub or when you connect two hubs together, you will need touse a Crossover cable instead.

In Crossover Ethernet cable wire one end using the T568A standard and

the other end using the T568B standard.

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RJ45

Crossover

Ethernet

Cable

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Howto

Wire

Ethernet

Cable?

1. The length of the Ethernet cable wire should not be more than 100 m.

2. Peel off about one inch at one end of the wire. This can be done using a

stripper knife.3. Untwist the internal wire as shown in the figure. Peel off about half an

inch of the plastic coating of the internal wires. Flatten them such thatthere is no space left between them.

4. Hold the RJ45 connector in your other hand with the clip of the

connector hanging upside down.5. Push the wire through the connector till some part of the peeled wires

come out. Internal wires should still be flat.

6. Check the order of the wire. (A coding standard or B coding standard)

7. Crimp the RJ45 connector using a crimping tool.

8. Repeat this process for the other end of the wire as well.

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